Medicine without the Macabre

It takes a certain amount of chutzpah to write a short story collection about modern medicine, and about the dignities and indignities of the humans trying — and sometimes failing — to survive it. And beyond chutzpah, it takes a certain grace, a certain understatedness, a certain roving remove and keen perspective, and a certain wry wit to pull it off. In other words, it takes a writer like Melissa Yancy, and a book like Dog Years, a slim and powerful collection of short stories about the human condition when it’s frailest and most fraught with complication.

When writing such high stakes fiction, it’s easy for a writer to get maudlin, for a dark story to turn almost comically gothic. Yancy avoids these pitfalls with a clear understanding that the darker the subject matter, the more subtle the telling. At the same time, these stories are not cold, the subjects not bodies on a slab — not just yet. Yancy writes a warmth and a fire into her characters, as they look death or medical disaster in the face and do not do the proverbial flinching.

In “Hounds,” for example, Yancy gives us a character who does just that — removing any moral lesson or patriotic sentiment out of a veteran’s dreadful war wound, and forcing her — and us — to really see the cost of what war does:

“The man had no face. Or more precisely, he had a flap of skin stretched over the maw of his head, a way station between the busted gourd his face had been and the crude child’s rendering of a face it may, after a dozen surgeries, someday be. Jess forced herself to look at the smooth divots where the eyes should have been, as though the horror of it could reveal something fundamental about herself.”

It could be the beginning — or end — of a horror story, but Yancy handles the material, and the subsequent revelations and human relationships, with such grace and subtlety that horror is replaced, slowly, by a different, and indeed, darker revelation about our protagonist. In the typical horror twist, it turns out the monster is not the monster after all.

This is true for much of the collection, which often uses external injuries and decay as an entry point into a discussion of what makes us work as people — beyond machines and into personhood, or discussion of the soul. In the excellent “Consider this Case,” Yancy writes of a doctor’s reflection on his father’s last illness:

“It is not until later, after he has dried his father and put him in his proper pajama set and gone to sleep on the couch so he can come to him in the night, that he closes his eyes and finally sees his drooping breasts, the last tuft of hair sprouting proudly on his concave chest, his skin so translucent it’s a roadmap, a surgeon’s dream.”

If anything, there may be a few too many stories where physical weakness reveals true inner character — but it’s hard to fault Yancy for writing about a universal topic and an endlessly fascinating one, at that. If love is perhaps the more typical entry point into character, then why not illness, too? In sickness and in health, go the vows, and of course there’s a reason we promise to stay true specifically in the first case. And in the face of a sick child, or a lost pregnancy, relationships shift and people are tested in ways that make for excellent character exploration and empathetic reading.

Yancy also expertly pairs human foible with medical reality in ways that expose the absurdity of the human condition and our own uncomfortable ways of being in the world. In “Go Forth,” a woman who’s been the recipient of a kidney is going to meet her donor, and there is something more than gratefulness here — a sense that she can live some other life or adventure through this donation. She tells her husband she hopes her kidney donor is a black man, and when he expresses his confusion, she explains, “I want it to be someone different from me.” “You’ll be disappointed if it’s a white woman?” he asks. “A little,” she admits.

A collection like this one would never work layered under baroque or ornate prose, given the deeply dramatic subject matter. Or rather, it could work, but Yancy clearly doesn’t mean to write another Frankenstein. The tight, tidy prose is all the more powerful here in the face of often startling revelation, and helps us stay with the everyday focus of the characters themselves, as opposed to wallowing in cosmic concerns or greater grief.

And in keeping things understated, in keeping us pointed towards the small important observations about what it means to be a person — in a body, well or ill — Yancy rather often turns out gems like this one, from the title story:

“The difference between Ellen and Gordy is that she finds purpose, not meaning.”

To read this beautiful book is to understand that the smallest differences are the greatest gulfs to cross, and yet our weak human bodies may get us there in the end.

Lit Mag Submissions 101: How, When, and Where to Send Your Work

We all know that writing is a solitary pursuit. You go into a room with your computer or notepad, lock the door, and then spend four hours pulling at your hair and slacking off online. Then you go get a drink. Still, no matter how much time you spend alone chugging coffee, smacking your head against the keyboard, and throwing crumpled drafts of chapters into the trash, eventually you’ll need to send your work out into the world. For most beginning writers, this means stories, essays, or poems that will be sent to literary magazines. This guide will give you an overview of how magazines work, and what you can do to give your own manuscript the best shot of being accepted.

How Literary Magazines Read Submissions

The 1% Rule — Before getting into what you, the writer, should do when submitting, it is important to understand the basics of how literary magazines work. Literary magazines run the gamut from small blogs operated as hobbies by one or two people to magazines like The Paris Review or The New Yorker with large staffs. Some pay writers for work, some don’t. Some are online only, some are print only. But in general, you should know that no matter the size, most magazines get far more submissions than they can use or than they can carefully read. A small magazine can easily get a thousand submissions in a year for only a handful of spots, and big magazines will get many thousands. Combine this with the fact that many of a magazine’s spots will be taken by solicited pieces instead of unsolicited submissions — aka “the slush” — and that means that acceptance rates at good magazines are only about 1% or less.

Why Submissions Are Rejected — Pieces are accepted because an editor loves them. They find the voice fresh, the ideas unique, the characters gripping, or in some other way they’re just floored by the piece. It is hard to know what makes an editor accept something, but it is easier to understand what makes an editor reject. Because there are so many submissions, lit mag staff read to reject. If your piece is filled with typos, scrawled in pencil instead of typed, or otherwise lacking in professionalism, it will probably be instantly rejected.

But you should also remember that because magazines get so many more submissions than they can use, most submissions are read very quickly. Frequently, the first readers are interns or volunteers who cull the hundreds or thousands of submissions down to just a handful of “maybes” for the editors to choose from. Normally, each manuscript will get two reads before being rejected, but if the reader doesn’t like the work they may only read a couple pages — if that — before saying “pass.” However, if there is a huge backlog of submissions, then the staff might host a reading party and have everyone plow through the submissions as fast as possible.

Maybe the magazine already has two poems about ravens and your brilliant “Ode to the Stork” would be one bird poem too many.

The point is that there are a million reasons your work may be rejected that have nothing to do with the quality of the work. Your submission may simply not have been read carefully enough, or perhaps the magazine filled their fiction slots for the next three issues and rejected the rest. Maybe the magazine already has two poems about ravens and your brilliant “Ode to the Stork” would be one bird poem too many. Even if the editors read your work carefully and loved it, they may simply have had to make a tough call between your story and several others that they loved. A rejection is not a reflection of the quality of your work. Keep that in mind at all times.

Preparing Your Manuscript for Submission

“Send us your best work” — When you read the submission guidelines to a magazine — something you should always do — they almost invariably say to “send us your best work.” But what is your best work, and when do you know when a piece is finished? Sadly, there is no simple answer. As a writer you have to decide. It is always a good idea to have a few trusty readers take a look at your piece to see if they feel it is finished, but otherwise it is up to you.

Still, you should make sure that it actually is finished to the best of your abilities. Many beginning writers send out work that they know has a weak ending, or a story that starts two pages before it should, with the thought that the editors at a literary magazine will take the time to edit the piece to completion. This is just not how it works. Yes, once in a blue moon an editor might love a piece’s potential enough to heavily revise it with the author, but normally the editors do not have time and — as noted above — the readers may reject the piece long before the editors could see it. Most lit mag editors are not paid much, if anything, and simply do not have the time to work through many revisions with an author. So send your best work.

Oh, and proofread, proofread, proofread.

Formatting — You want your submission to look professional, which means, first of all, following the guidelines of the magazine. Beyond that, your formatting should be simple and unadorned. No wacky fonts, centered text, or weird colors… not unless you are submitting work to a children’s humor magazine at least. Instead, use a standard font like Times New Roman in 12 points, double spaced, with page numbers at the bottom. In the “header” section, you should put your name and possibly your email, phone number, and/or story title. If you are mailing the submission, staple or paper clip.

Oh, and proofread, proofread, proofread.

That’s it.

Cover Letters — One thing that seems to disproportionately stress emerging writers is the cover letter. What should you say? Can you grab the editor’s attention? Will the cover letter give you an advantage? Honestly, the cover letter is mostly unimportant. Cover letters are typically given only a quick glance and are almost never a deciding factor for a submission. Your cover letter should be short and sweet along these lines

Dear [editor’s name],

I loved [piece X and Y] from your last issue. My own work has been previously published in [list three to five magazines]. I have an MFA from [X university] and live in [some town]. Thank your for your consideration.

Sincerely,

Scribbly McWriter

If you don’t have an MFA or previous publications, don’t worry. If you were lucky enough to get a personalized rejection from the magazine before, you should mention that. If you know anyone on staff, or met staff members at a recent event, you can list that too. Otherwise, keep it short and to the point and avoid describing your story or trying to pitch yourself. Most editors will simply roll their eyes when they see a cover letter that starts: “What would happen if vampires drank orange juice instead of blood? In my thrilling short story, ‘Juice Suckers from Transylvania,’ this reality is explored in a fashion that will blow your mind and make you burn your volumes of that hack called Shakespeare. You are lucky that I’m even allowing you to read such genius work, so please accept it promptly!”

Finding the Right Magazines for Your Work

Reading as Research — The best way to understand which magazines publish the kind of work you like is, well, to read them. Go to a bookstore and browse their literary magazines section, or else look at the “credits” in collections you love to see where your favorite authors published their work. Getting published by a magazine that works with writers that you admire is always going to be more satisfying that being published by a magazine you’ve never read.

Other Resources — Clifford Garstang annually publishes a ranking of literary magazines based on the number of Pushcart Prize wins and nominations each has received. This list should not be viewed as any kind of definitive ranking, but it is a great starting point to find the magazines that are both respected in the literary world and that might like your work. Duotrope is also a great resource for writers. It lists almost every lit mag, and lets you search by pay rate, genre, and other factors. However, it does cost money to use.

Getting published by a magazine that works with writers that you admire is always going to be more satisfying that being published by a magazine you’ve never read.

Tiers — A good way to organize your magazine submissions is to figure out a handful of magazines you want to submit to (perhaps between 10 and 30) and organize them into tiers of about five. Send your story to the five magazines you most want your work to appear in. If they all reject, send the story to the next five magazines, and so on until you have gone through all your tiers. If no magazine takes the story, perhaps it is time to heavily revise.

Using tiers means you won’t be the annoying writer carpet-bombing 100 magazines with the same submission at the same time, but it also means you won’t have a story accepted by The Podunk Review only to find out the next day that The New Yorker wants it.

Dealing with Rejection

If you are submitting your work, you will inevitably deal with rejection. The average short story or poem may be rejected twenty times before it is accepted, and even famous writers deal with rejection daily. When you receive a rejection, you should try as hard as possible to not take it personally. Nothing good has ever come from angrily writing back to editors telling them they are fools for not seeing your genius, or from insulting a literary magazine online. If you can’t handle rejection, then perhaps writing is not for you.

Types of Rejection — When your rejections start rolling in, you’ll notice that they come in three different types. Most will be a standard form rejection that politely says the piece isn’t for that magazine, but they wish you the best of luck elsewhere. Sometimes you’ll find a form rejection that is more positive, talking about the “evident merit” — or equivalent phrasing — of the submission. And now and then, you may get a personal note from an editor telling you how much they liked the piece. If you got either a positive form rejection or a personal note, you should be sure to submit to the magazine again. They like your work, even if the last submission was not quite right, and want to see more. While it may still sting to be rejected in a positive manner, keep in mind that very few submissions get a personal rejection. You should consider it a compliment.

Resubmitting After Rejection — For all three types of rejection, you should never submit the same piece again — not unless the editor explicitly asks for a revision. If an editor tells you the work came close, they want to see something new from you. Instead, wait until you have a new piece that is finished to the best of your abilities and send that one out. There is no need to rush out a new submission, even if you got a personal rejection. Submitting unfinished work will only harm your chances, and editors are unlikely to read your new submission for a few months anyway. Do note in your cover letter if you got a personal rejection last time.

Keep at It

The best thing you can do as a writer, beyond writing the best work you are capable of, is to keep on submitting. Submitting takes a lot of time and work, but it is the only way to get published as an emerging writer. Remember, only about 1% of submissions are accepted. Even if only 5% of all submissions are truly great, that still means four times as many great submissions are rejected as accepted. So don’t take rejection personally, keep on writing, and submit again and again like it is your job. Because, well, it is.

Our Man in Chicago

The first time I read Nelson Algren’s sweeping essay Chicago: City on the Make, I missed my bus stop by nearly a mile. Until then, I had no idea someone could write nonfiction with the same lyrical grace as a poet. But for some reason — even though he was one of the most visible and celebrated American writers of the 1940s and 50s — Algren is no longer a household name. His novels, once popular enough to warrant an Oscar-nominated film adaptation starring Frank Sinatra, haven’t aged as well as some of his contemporaries like Steinbeck and Bradbury and Tennessee Williams. Even in Chicago, my writing students balked earlier this semester when I mentioned his name.

Thankfully, I’m not the only one who thinks Algren deserves higher billing for his knife-in-the-gut prose. Chicago Tribune reporter Mary Wisniewski spent the last two decades interviewing Algren’s friends and colleagues like Studs Terkel and Art Shay, reading through his correspondence and unpublished material, and writing the first Algren biography in more than 25 years, Algren: A Life. The result is a fascinating, compelling account of the man who taught with Kurt Vonnegut, slept with Simone de Beauvoir, angered Chicago’s literary establishment, and wound up with a 500-page FBI dossier.

I recently corresponded with Wisniewski via email about Algren’s fall from the spotlight, why he hated the movies based on his novels, and his relationship with the city of Chicago.

Adam Morgan: What do most people misunderstand about Algren?

Mary Wisniewski: I think there’s a stereotype about Algren that he was this tough, film noir-type character — as if he existed in black-and-white with a jazz combo following him around. That’s not really who he was — he was an extremely funny person, a real goofball, who could also be kind and generous to his friends and to younger writers. He had a very wide range of interests, and was a fan of folk and classical music, as well as jazz, and a student of both Dickens, Chekhov and Dostoyevsky. He wasn’t much of a tough guy — he was terrible at poker and useless with guns in the army. I think some of the misunderstandings about Algren come from the movies made about his books, which are not like his books at all. Algren is regarded as a B-level American writer in part because those movies aren’t very good. He belongs on the A-level, up there with Crane and Dreiser and Melville.

Algren is regarded as a B-level American writer in part because those movies aren’t very good. He belongs on the A-level, up there with Crane and Dreiser and Melville.

AM: After a quarter of a century, why was a new biography of Algren overdue?

MW: He was a great, unique, poetic writer, and he has been unjustly ignored. That’s reason enough, and that’s why I started researching a biography over a decade ago. I also think the things he wrote about are extremely important in understanding our current political climate. He wrote about how the American dream doesn’t work out for everyone, and people feel shame for that, they feel shame for not living up to the advertisements on television and on the billboards, and that makes them act out in destructive and often self-destructive ways. His writes in the The Man with the Golden Arm about “the great, secret and special American guilt of owning nothing, nothing at all, in the one land where ownership and virtue are one.” He writes about the lower classes turning on each other and despising each other, instead of coming together, and I think that’s a dynamic we’re seeing now.

AM: What were some of your most surprising discoveries about Algren during your research?

MW: Everyone knows about his relationship with Simone de Beauvoir, but I was surprised at the depth of feeling in the letters to his first and second wife, Amanda. He loved Amanda, too, though in a different way. After their final breakup, I think he lost a big source of emotional support, just as he did with Simone.

I also was intrigued by his relationship with the writer Jack Conroy, who was like a second father. Conroy helped Algren find a group of writers in Chicago, and that’s how Algren met Richard Wright. Conroy helped get Algren published, and even gave him house space to write A Walk on the Wild Side when Algren’s marriage was in trouble. The way Algren turned on Conroy at the end is really disappointing. Nelson really knew how to burn a bridge.

AM: In 1934, Algren stole a typewriter from an empty classroom in Texas and wound up in prison for a few months. Would he have become the same writer if he hadn’t had that firsthand experience behind bars with fellow outsiders?

MW: Just one month — he remembered it as longer than it was! I think he still would have written about the underclass if he hadn’t gone to prison — he was doing it before he stole that typewriter. But the prison experience was a real wound for him, and wounds produce writing. I compare it in the book to the time that Dickens spent as a child in a blacking factory. It wasn’t very long, but it led to lots of writing about badly treated children. Algren used his jail experience in every novel.

AM: United Artists adapted The Man With the Golden Arm into a film in 1955 starring Frank Sinatra as a drug addict fresh out of prison. The movie was nominated for three Academy Awards, but when Art Shay asked to photograph him beneath the movie’s marquee, Algren famously responded, “What does that movie have to do with me?” Was Algren upset because the studio changed the ending, or was there something else going on?

MW: For one thing, he didn’t get the money he felt he should have gotten for selling the rights, and he sued, unsuccessfully. He met the director, Otto Preminger, and knew that Otto didn’t get what the novel was about. Preminger’s film was sensationalist and showed contempt for the characters, instead of empathy. I don’t like it either — the only thing that really holds up is the score.

AM: Today, Chicagoans remember Algren as a kind of folk hero who gave voice to the city’s working (and out-of-work) class, but some of his contemporaries resented his less-than-flattering depictions of the city. How did his relationship with Chicago change over the course of his career? It seems like his love for the city waned over the years.

MW: He thought the city became a colder place after the late 40s. Some of this had to do with McCarthyism and the Cold War, which made people more cautious. But I think it also had to do with the changing physical landscape of the city. The expressways tore into the neighborhoods, knocking down the building on Wabansia where he spent his most productive years. People were going to the suburbs, or staying inside in the air conditioning, so he didn’t see the street life he used to see. Part of the problem was not Chicago’s but Algren’s — I think that once the old landscape went away, he didn’t have the same energy to discover the new landscape and what it meant.

Once the old landscape went away, he didn’t have the same energy to discover the new landscape…

AM: What would he think of Chicago in 2016?

MW: I think he would see the same segregation he saw in the ‘50s, only worse, because now the poorest African-American neighborhoods are so depopulated and no longer have the businesses they used to have. He’d also see tremendous divisions between the rich and poor. He’d have plenty to write about.

“The Solo Show” by David Greenwood

I thawed in time for Sarah’s wedding. I should have tanned, but it was winter and few would guess I hadn’t been out engaged in the sundry pleasures of life. I did want to live. I didn’t have to live every day though, and meanwhile I hardly spent anything. I had bought the home cryo unit with most of the money from my last job and didn’t particularly expect to make more. To have a job, another, all day, a life of that, it lacked proportion. It was like using a Mack truck to pull your kayak.

My mother had just been frozen, awaiting a cure for Alzheimer’s. I had bought the home unit originally for her, but at the last hour she got into a proper long-term facility. She asked to have one of my “so-called sculptures” frozen with her. My father died before the cryo age. Ours was a small family. I had no wife or girlfriend. I sometimes remembered how hugging myself in bed used to remind me how it felt to hug someone in bed. It didn’t anymore.

“Bromley, you look freakish,” said Sarah, meaning good.

The reception band rolled into another hip hop number, and the old folks’ dance-floor frenzy intensified. Sarah ducked, using me as a screen, as some unsavory uncle or other whirled by.

We knew each other from art school. Afterward we’d rented adjoining studios until the owner was frozen with asbestos-induced lung disease and the place turned into a brunch palace. I started commuting to my mom’s garage. Sarah found another space she turned into an underground gallery that became something real. She found Mark. I was proud of her. She had it right. I looked excellent. While our friends were falling to the first grey stubble and cheek slack of unconcealable adulthood, I still looked like someone who wouldn’t stand out in most parts of Brooklyn. In the freezer I didn’t eat sugars or stress or drink or laugh or frown.

“How’s the work going?” she asked. Work meaning art.

Another thing I didn’t do in the freezer was make art, yet I didn’t feel right, here at her feast of love, bringing up the abuse of home hospice technology for the avoidance of one’s essentially normal, blessed existence. Did other people do this? I had no idea. Let me explain that her hair was perfectly straight and had no volume to it. As long as I’d known her she wore it strategically heaped in a swizzle-stick-skewered mini-challah on top of her head, from which a strand was always slipping, as happened just then. She tucked it back adroitly, very adroitly, and I said:

“Sarah, would you believe it if right now a creature appeared before you, a grunt from the celestial statistics department, stammering something to the effect that you’re among the best at that hair tuck out of your generation, that to watch you do it makes the dull task of keeping these stats, especially in the routine hand movements and hair division of the greater celestial hygiene department, practically endurable?”

Sarah considered. “Would he mean the best in terms of speed and efficiency?”

And grace probably, I thought. “Yes,” I said.

She kissed me in the Linden Cogeneration Plant, once. That was back in our post-art-school simplicity, when we couldn’t joke about someday being famous without a spike of nerves, when we went to openings to impress ourselves on people, when you just had to introduce yourself to hear me propose sneaking into that extraterrestrial city along the New Jersey Turnpike, because I didn’t want to go alone and it made me sound interesting. I got some drunken enthusiasm, but to Sarah it sounded like something a person would actually do. On a Saturday we wandered, agreeably panicked, among towering orbs and white windowless monoliths. At sunset on a catwalk we ate our peanut butter sandwiches. Pale legs swinging in air, she pointed at one or another wire-bristled outbuilding, saying “That’s the whorehouse you don’t want to go to,” and I pointed at another, saying, “That’s your house.”

She eyed it wistfully — her roommate situation was terrible. I hoped she would start to bemoan herself, and she did. I watched the reddening clouds and breathed deeply. She had that feather-light bemoaning touch.

“You’re such a skilled kvetcher,” I said, moving a fallen hair from her face, away from the peanut butter, heart fibrillating. She held my stare, which meant we were going to kiss. In her eyes was a reckless, excited sympathy, like someone on a summer day about to jump into cool waters full of baby turtles.

Back home I maintained a growing document called “On the Extension of the Romantic Influence of the Linden Cogeneration Plant to Other Spheres, viz. My Life,” in which I elaborately pretended not to understand that only in that realm removed from life could we believe our petulance was no bigger than each other, that it was we two on that catwalk because we had exactly reciprocal and alike voids in our souls, or our maturity, rather than just equally huge ones. But in the end one snuck into power plants for the same reason one spent six months sculpting Abraham about to sacrifice Isaac with a semi-automatic assault weapon spattered with Louis Vuitton logos, or watched TV, went to museums, read: a bridling at having in all the world of possibility a single and particular life, and, worse still, this one. I thought love was the answer. Maybe it was. She had plenty of lovers, some of whom, I suspected, were charming, compassionate, talented, tall people with poise who could do accents and had a consistent access to their creative intelligence. I was almost certainly the only one with a car.

After the wedding, I took to emerging annually, on my birthday, walking the sand from Coney Island to Brighton Beach. The sea birds now were scarcer, the roving sanitation robots ever more adorable. The girls, down to the teens, were topless. A rollercoaster plunged. Just off the boardwalk, a stand where my parents once bought me a birthday hotdog quaintly persisted. I got one, as I did every time, despite the effect this initiation tended to have on a year-empty stomach. The hotdog purveyor was an aged Russian, possibly the same who’d served us that day my parents and I came in from the suburbs for the Coney Island experience, except the line at Nathan’s had been too long. As he handed me the dog I took a stealth glimpse through his eyes, across to my mother, freckle-armed, actually beautiful in her huge floppy hat, passing the dog down to me, and my father, on a health kick, eyeing that cylinder of mashed flesh and nitrites like an exiled earl his former rolling hillsides.

“Problem?” here in the future the old Russian asked in a voice I decided to recognize. “You give me twenty?”

“Keep it,” I said, lingering almost romantically on those eyes that didn’t guess what they’d seen, staying in them as I walked off, pretending to remember my mother’s back on my left, my father’s on my right. But really I did remember, at least the feeling: a warmth or ease settling down, exotic as the boardwalk itself to the difficult, inexpressible inner world of the sensitive child Bromley, like this was how it must feel to be a kid eating a hotdog at the beach. And when I of all people proposed the ride that sends you orbiting a hundred feet over the pavement on something like a playground swing, my parents looked from the contraption to each other with exactly the startled, tentative happiness I was going for.

High above them at the end of two thin chains, fingers numb from the clenching since long before liftoff, the screaming quieted. I mean mine. The world, chaotic, menacing, altogether uncouth as it was at close range, from this lofty remove was something more seemly. If you unclenched and looked, it slowed, drew out, color and plane, majestic, like one of those soundless heavenly dreams you know, even as you dream it, you’ll be boring people years later trying to tell.

When you ask when I knew I was an artist, that’s what you get. And indeed that night I created my first real work. I recall my mother admiring the palpable anguish, as she put it, in the dark pencil swirls which I had meant to denote my serene vision on the swing, and when my father stuck it on the fridge, instead of joking as he did with my class portraits that it might at least help with his diet, he bet my mother a bottle of something that sounded like a shampoo but could have been a champagne it would someday be worth money. In fact, they never threw it out. I learned only much later they also never knew the still figures at the whorl’s center, if they’d seen them at all, were themselves.

I concluded my inner memorial without putting myself through a climactic swing ride, looking down at strangers looking up. Absently I tossed bits of bun between contesting gulls and sani-bots. I would refreeze myself before I got really hungry. A homeowner in outer Brooklyn had agreed to keep the cryo unit in his unfinished basement by the laundry machines for a trivial sum. When I ran into him in his undershirt a year after move-in, he saluted me like a soldier. The next year I didn’t see him at all.

I thought of gathering my old friends for my fiftieth, but by then lacked the wherewithal, the gear. This didn’t really feel tragic. It felt like ten days, albeit ten birthdays, since the wedding where I had seen most of them, and the good ones I rarely saw anyway. I understood of course it had been more than ten days for them, that their lives were developing, passing. That had been going on even pre-cryo. I would emerge from my latest studio project — to a certain extent of course I was also a person — and here were the couplings, the apartments, the babies, the almost hidden happiness, these people who had liked me because I was like them, who made the same bombastic speeches in their heads. Then they smelled good and I had made a half-scale Mercedes that gave a gorgeous polychrome shudder each time a news source announced a rape or murder. I had been a time traveler before I got the machine. Now I was just, as they say, owning it. One might suppose, and maybe it was in part: I’ll show you time traveler you living, thriving bastards. Or something. Of course, it wasn’t really a time machine. You couldn’t go backward.

“Bromley!” Sarah cried.

It was another nine birthdays and change later, a few months shy of my sixtieth. After the initial heart-shriveling second — once I had excavated her from the ground of middle age — there she was. And in that crowd of young, glamorous people flowing around her like she were a chair, I felt I held a splendid secret. I too looked different than when she’d last seen me twenty years before, if only because my unit was past warranty and I didn’t want to spend funds I might eventually need for rent on minor repairs. Patches of necrosis were visible on my neck. Smaller ones on my face I had covered with makeup. They smelled medium-bad. I looked passably dignified, though, more like a young man with a disease than an old man recovering from plastic surgery.

“What are you doing here?” she asked.

Although I no longer kept a studio, I had made arrangements with my so-called gallerist to store my work in her crawlspace and keep me in mind if anything came up. My landlord was to search my name whenever he pleased and if the results warranted a thaw I would pay him ten-fold rent for the month. It was he who had got me out for this opening, having ambitiously mistaken my name for that of a legendary ceramicist. But, reading the announcement, I found the show included work of an old friend who made reproductions of sexist children’s dolls from his boyfriend’s bodily emissions. It was across one of these, a turd in a wig entitled The Transit of Venus, that Sarah now gazed at me. I hoped she would take my scent for that of the art.

“I thought I’d find you,” I said.

There was a pause in which she decided not to say What have you been doing to yourself? It was, it seemed, beyond frank questioning, like crisscross scars up the arm, the province of sincere eye contact.

“My landlord thawed me out by accident.”

“Oh. Oh,” she said sharply, like someone had tapped a sore on her back.

The inference was that I was terminally ill. Still, it pained me to see her so moved, so unguarded. She had lost some of her subtlety, her cool. She tucked a wisp of grey into the mini-challah. At this I was glad to feel my ducts flinch, but only a little, and not at the grey, nor at the revelation that life had, after all, irremediably passed me by, but at the calm with which I could watch her do it. I was really becoming a time traveler.

“What is it?” she asked.

“Nothing. I’m perfectly healthy.”

Concern massed on her forehead.

“I have melanoma,” I enlarged.

This was better. She would remember that we never had insurance, that we only went to the doctor when it was too late. It also explained the patches on my neck, the makeup. It was what my father had died of.

“How’s the future?” I asked.

“You have no idea what you’re missing.” She pointed down at The Transit of Venus, and when I laughed she darted a hand to my powdered cheek, as though to catch something. She left it there, cradling the cheek with unfamiliar tenderness. The old eyes drank me in, and I felt pleasingly like one of those dear, bygone people we don’t bring up to date in our dreams, who might vanish at any moment. I felt like my own father, wavering into reality in his dark beard and big glasses and the elated expression he wore that time I landed an accidental zinger at the expense of a kindly, insufferable friend of my mother’s. I touched the hand on my cheek. Where was Mark? He would be almost an old man now. There was a fundraiser for his charity tonight, she said. He couldn’t squirm out of it.

So he was still alive.

I started going out less, beach romps dropping off from annual to decennial. Somewhere between the second and third of these, I found myself blinking up at my landlord. My landlord had died, this person said, leaving no provision for my care. He, the son, had no recourse but to thaw me. Was I a relative? I explained. He checked my email for me, mirthfully approving of its quaintness. I was really keeping it old-school. There was nothing from my mother or the facility, still no cure for Alzheimer’s. There was something from a curator about a show, five years ago, and something from a filmmaker hoping to interview me for a documentary about the underground New York art scene of fifty years before.

I had lived thirty-six continuous years, plus, all told, a month here and there. I felt good, much better than I had decades earlier when Sarah thought I was dying. The necrotic patches were gone. I hardly looked my biological thirty-six, hardly looked thirty. My landlord, it proved from a sticker on the hatch, had got the unit serviced. It must have cost more than all my rent together. The most unpromising of us could turn out to have secretly been a person.

And it struck me, as it had before, but this time I believed, that our trouble comes from people — on the street, with phones, people in suits, in traffic, in first-floor apartments with the screens flickering — people, in other words, viewed from the outside, bearing so little resemblance to a person viewed from the inside, that is to our self, lost, profound, sentient. One could be forgiven for mistaking them for non-people. And maybe evidence of the interior, any, just that there is one, was obligatory. I would try again. I was young yet and there was interest in my work.

First, I went to Coney Island. It was early spring and desolate. The hotdog stand was gone, the old man who had possibly laid eyes on my parents and me that day likewise. I turned back. I had very little money and nowhere to go. It would be all right. Someone would help me.

She was a grandmother. Not that she had grandchildren, which she did, grown, but the very image of a grandmother. I didn’t even try to find her in that skin, not in the doorway. I had braced myself and trained all my mind on looking pleased. She waited for me to explain what petition I wanted her to sign or which apartment I was looking for. Then a gasp shook her, and I wanted to run.

“You’re better,” she whispered. “You got better.”

“They found a cure,” I said. It was what I had planned to say.

Shakily, she led me in. She was a small, thin, white-haired lady at home. The place was tidy, yet somehow recognizable as a hermitage, all the furniture and art under a layer of quiet. In the living room, dustless sunlight fell onto a green carpet with the figure of an elephant. You could see one eye and he seemed to smile, because he was a kind, simple soul and here his old chum, Sarah, had come back into the room. I started to cry.

She held me until I stopped. Then she stepped back and smiled. The teeth I knew.

“Jesus Christ, you’re just a boy,” she said.

“You’re just a girl.”

I liked that on more than one level, but somehow she didn’t. The smile wavered.

“Bromley, you know I can’t think of a single word you ever said. I remember I liked what you said. You were so good at being miserable.”

“You don’t have to remember. I’m right here.”

She rolled her eyes. I focused on the color of them, the irises.

“I used to imagine this,” I said. “I mean us old, I mean après-Mark, if you’ll forgive me. Can you take off your glasses for a second?”

I took her glasses. She didn’t stop me, but made a serious face, and I could tell she couldn’t see me.

“Those eyes,” I marveled, lying. They weren’t entirely clouded, but I remembered another blue.

I started talking. Things I had long ago said to her ghost or written in that Linden Cogeneration Plant document. New things. How all the time I only wanted to find one other person in whom I took such pure and unfrivolous delight, and never did. How I never much thought of her on the physical plane anyway, so what was the difference now. How we were together, and I would remind her of all the things we said and knew. I started on my moments, a couple of which she in fact remembered with a clap of startled pleasure. Well, she was an old lady whose friends were dead or frozen talking to an avatar of her youth, to whom she was possibly not an old lady, who would fill the empty hours and rooms with the very best of time and space. What person who had lived even half her years under reality, what sane person could resist this cheat, this enchantment? I took the wrinkled face in my hands. She held my wrists, unseeing, like a child about to be spun around.

I kissed the forehead. A cough-like sigh came out of her. God knows when last she had been touched, when last I had. I kissed the cheek. Then I kissed the mouth. The third time, like I had tripped a program lying dormant in her nerves, the lips responded. Gradually, grimly she gave herself to it, this loophole, leaving the world for the one gasping open around her.

I closed my eyes. I wouldn’t see either. I got off the blouse and the bra, felt and pulled back, felt again. This was Sarah. We sank to the green carpet. She grasped at my hair, my ears, whatever came in reach as I got rid of the rest of the clothes. She didn’t make a sound. But now I could feel the years sag, drop off, as she moved over me. And the flesh, the bone. Her bones. The bones of Sarah’s hand.

She tried patiently for a while, but didn’t try her mouth. Finally she gave up and rolled aside. I opened my eyes and closed them in horror.

“You old men,” she sighed. “You know we have drugs for this now.”

I laughed. To begin with, at her joke. Then it went on, so exorbitantly she had to join in, or it’s possible she was crying, and I was wheezing my apologies between waves. This had been my dream. I really hadn’t once guessed it wasn’t. Stretching out on the soft rug, subsiding, I thought of my cryo unit out on a Brooklyn curb, the lonesome look of it, already antiquated, and if I could possibly get Sarah to lend me money for a truck, for a hundred years.

I caught myself starting to get up and turned it into a rummage through my cast-off pants pocket before remembering she couldn’t see.

“Hey,” I said, “aren’t we near that stupendous sewage treatment plant that looks like a nest of alien eggs?”

“It’s condos now.”

“Do you want to go anyway?”

“Why don’t you go, Bromley.”

I lay back beside her. “Are you sure?” I asked, stroking her side.

She halted the stroking hand with an affectionate, grandmotherly pat.

“Run along, dear.”

“Sarah.”

She rolled over. I would be back, I said. She didn’t ask when.

It was dark. I had walked hours from Sarah, blankly, bivouacked up in my retinas for all I was worth — the new facades and fashions, the cars, the new lights. I was in a possibly hip neighborhood. Here was a gallery packed with the young and glamorous. I went in, eager to see the art of the day. I could remember back in the 2030s wondering what Rauschenberg would be making if he were still around then. If, as it seemed, unsung art from my time was starting to interest people, I could be one of the first known unfrozen artists, a new thing altogether.

Wine in hand, I walked the room. It was the opening of a solo show. The work was all beautifully flowing holograms, each like thousands of meticulous paintings enfolding and disgorging one another, like the snails that mate, suspended from a bough, in a helix of their combined bodies. It was completely beyond me, my ability to make of course, but also my ability to absorb. Yet in theory I was among my peers again, and I could almost feel it. Two genuine older people eventually arrived, cutting a path from the door. Beaming, they approached a young man in a suit and tie. He was the only one dressed so formally. It was his show, his first solo show, and his mom and dad were there.

In Search of the Ultimate Teen Movie Soundtrack

I’ve spent a lot of time thinking about teen films, specifically the movies John Hughes made in the 1980s. I spent so much time obsessing over them that at some point in my twenties I tried to write a biography of the director, but it never panned out. I write about that in my memoir, Searching for John Hughes, but I also write about why his films, and other films with teen protagonists — from Heathers to Dope — have always appealed to me. A big part of it is the music.

A perfect example is a scene in one of my favorite movies, Over the Edge, where the main character, Carl, is lying in bed, blasting Cheap Trick’s “Surrender” in his headphones. It’s so simple, but to me it’s one of the best moments in any teen film I can think of. The song fits so perfectly into a moment that we all experienced in high school (and maybe even still experience as adults), just sitting around listening to music and daydreaming.

Picking music for a good soundtrack for a movie focused on teens isn’t a difficult thing to pull off, but good songs can help really make a movie. There’s sort of a formula to it, you just have to keep in mind there are basically three ways to do it:

  • The current, cool song route
  • The nostalgia, period-specific route
  • The score route

The current route is pretty easy. Think almost any new wave-heavy John Hughes film from the Eighties, “Bittersweet Symphony” by The Verve in that final scene of Cruel Intentions or the Clueless soundtrack packed with Radiohead, The Muffs and Jill Sobule — that’s about as Nineties as you can get. Even today, a movie like Edge of Seventeen utilizes songs by A$AP Ferg and Santigold. You’re portraying teens, so you want to try your best to put music they’d maybe listen to on the soundtrack .

Nostalgia might take a little bit of work. What kind of music would stoned teens from some Texas town in 1976 listen to? Richard Linklater did a good job figuring it out with all that Runaways and Foghat in Dazed in Confused. I think if you were going to adapt a book like Rainbow Rowell’s Eleanor & Park, which is set in the Eighties, then you’re going to want to go with period-specific songs, but you could probably get away with throwing in something that sounds like it comes from the era — Savages or The Horrors both come to mind. Hell, if you do some sort of new take on a story from the Reagan era, you could easily throw the title track off the new Bruno Mars album, 24K Magic, into the mix, as long as there’s a dance scene (and there should almost always be some sort of dance scene). If I were to adapt Robin Wasserman’s great Girls on Fire, there would obviously be a ton of Nirvana, but I’d also try and throw in some other grunge songs by Soundgarden and Mudhoney, maybe a Bikini Kill song, as well as some early 1990s pop hits to balance things out.

The other nostalgia thing is you need to have a few older songs in a movie no matter what. Not sure how that rule came about, but Duckie dancing to Otis Redding and Pretty in Pink and The Kinks in Juno make it a rule. Sorry.

Or you could do the score route. The Harry Potter films did a good job with that, but normally I wouldn’t recommend it. You’d be better off mixing in some weird synth stuff with pop songs, like in Risky Business, or just doing a total Tangerine Dream worship deal, like they did in Stranger Things.

The most important thing is mood. Teens are moody as hell, and I’ll be honest, I think a movie that captured this well was The Lost Boys. INXS? Echo and the Bunnymen covering The Doors? That was smooth. I won’t say you always have to go the goth kid route with this one, but I think it could help.

With all that in mind, here is my soundtrack for a teen film with just about everything thrown in. Let’s just imagine it’s a movie about a quiet (but really good looking) 16-year-old guy who is in love with a popular girl who’s a senior and who also happens to be a vampire.

1. “Hit” by Sugarcubes

Every movie like this needs some sort of upbeat opening, especially one that starts out with a record scratching. In my mind it’s got to be this Sugarcubes song. We show the school or the town or the mall where our characters spend a lot of time as this song plays over the opening credits.

2. “Still Life” by The Horrors

The popular vampire girl is at a house party and sets her sights on the neck of the 16-year-old, but then they lock eyes while this song plays. She feels something, but she doesn’t know what. Vampires aren’t supposed to have feelings!

3. “Mercedes Boy” by Pebbles

The popular vampire is hanging out at the mall with her friends. There’s some whole special way she’s allowed to hang out indoors in the daytime, but we won’t get into that now. Let’s just say she has a really cool crystal around her neck that her arch rival (we will name her Heather because this is a teen movie) totally covets. They’re walking around as this song plays.

Cameron hasn’t seen anything good. Ferris Bueller’s Day Off, 1986.

4. “The Way I Walk” by The Cramps

16-year-old boy is talking to his good friend. Let’s call him. Billy Rogers. Billy does the high school radio show, “Rockin’ With Billy.” He’s got a pompadour, wears creepers and bolo ties, and always has a cigarette tucked behind his ear. A recurring gag: a teacher in a short-sleeve shirt and a tie walks up to him and says, “No smoking, Mr. Rogers” and pulls the cigarette out from his ear.

5. “Heaven or Las Vegas” by Cocteau Twins

16-year-old and cool vampire bump into each other. It’s awkward because a few scenes earlier she was trying to kill him. They lock eyes again, but she’s got to go. “She’s amazing,” 16-year-old says to Billy. “Get over her,” his friend tells him. “She’s out of your league.”

6. “Pale Moon” by Wymond Miles

Cool vampire is feeling things. She’s fretting about it. Her father comes to talk with her. He confides in her he had feelings once, hundreds of years ago. He decided to bite the neck of the woman he loved and made her his eternal bride — cool vampire girl’s mom. This is a somewhat shocking revelation.

You’re a liar and a thief. Say Anything, 1989.

7. “I’m Dead” by The Limiñanas

This song plays as the cool vampire and 16-year-old boy try on clothes. They both know they’re going to be at the same place and they each plan to tell the other how they feel.

8. “Madder Red” by Yeasayer

They’re…on the beach! It’s nighttime, everything is chill. She sees him from a distance, he smiles, but she realizes that it can never be. The cool vampire turns into a bat and flies away. The worst part is her rival (remember her?) steals her cool crystal.

Can’t Take My Eyes Off Of You. 10 Things I Hate About You, 1999.

9. “Release the Bats” by the Birthday Party

Upset, the cool vampire slaughters a gang of bad guys who are preying on unsuspecting victims (we could foreshadow this earlier in the film, but they’re bad dudes).

10. “I Know it’s Over” by The Smiths

We find both the cool vampire and the boy sulking in their rooms. The Smiths has to play in this scene. I think it’s a law or something.

11. “What About Your Friends” by TLC

It’s the night of the dance. We see the school gym packed with balloons and cool kids. The cool vampire is at home sulking in her coffin until her mom walks in and gives her a pep talk, opens up the closet and there’s a Victorian-era dress dress soaked in blood hanging in there. “Now go out and get that boy,” she says.

12. “Love Comes Close” by Cold Cave

The cool vampire and the 16-year-old boy both walk into the gym from opposite sides and lock eyes. As they walk towards each other, cool vampire rips her crystal from her rival’ neck and says, “I believe that’s mine.” She and the boy stand face to face and look into each others eyes. They start dancing and then kiss!

You can’t help who you love, Derek. Save the Last Dance, 2001.

Yay! Happy ending.

13. “Dream Baby Dream by Black Tambourine

Credits! You need a song like this for the credits. We could have used the original version but whatever.

Writing and the Game of Kings

I used to wake at 2 AM, in Lagos, to marvel at an empty chessboard for an hour each day, because I heard it improved board mastery. On my father’s desktop, I would schedule virtual tournaments with Capablanca, Anderssen, Fischer, Morphy, and other deceased notables. Sixty days before a tournament, I challenged ChessMaster for twelve hours a day, and plunged into chess literature for two hours. It was inevitable that chess would flow into writing when I quit professional chess to focus on fiction; so that today, above my writing desk hangs a quote from the book How to Reassess Your Chess by Jeremy Silman: “You must take on the attitude of a student and develop your own willpower; always insist on a worthwhile plan.” Useful for those days when the soul feels like a squashed melon.

It was inevitable that chess would flow into writing when I quit professional chess to focus on fiction.

When I rise in the wee hours to write, I know that I’m reenacting the frieze of my former chess life. When I’m plotting a story, and allow my imagination to run forward with insane, often laughable possibilities, I am also gazing down a chessboard in the middle game, pondering the countless potentials of an attack, or defence: bishop fianchetto, rook f1, queen take? — or rook take, bishop fianchetto, queen f1?

I played professional chess for ten years in Nigeria, and after winning two tournaments, when I felt the brakes coming hard on my career (I had obtained mediocre results in a number of contests), I thought it was time to fold away my chessboard. No writer dreams of rejections, but they come anyway, and when they invade my mailbox, my mind often turns to the reason I left professional chess; and although, with time, a large part of this looking back has come to occupy itself in the subconscious, I’m quick to remind myself that I am in a different place, than when I played chess: when I played Board One at NEPA and got so giddy with excitement I fell to a beginner trap; when I played on the University chess team — like a mud-fingered schlub, losing a crucial game because my opponent suddenly showed up five minutes before I could claim a walkover. I tell myself that I learned chess at sixteen, while I’ve been making up stories since age four, I’ll be okay, literary journals are not people. I didn’t lose to a human being sitting across the board from me, trying to hide a mocking grin.

I tell myself that I learned chess at sixteen, while I’ve been making up stories since age four.

I’m often asked why I do not write enough about chess in my fiction. Why isn’t that rascal who lives at the cemetery playing chess in his spare time? Why doesn’t the kidnapper-pastor believe in Caissa the goddess of chess? I don’t know. Fela Kuti was once harangued about why he wasn’t making more music, and he responded, “It’s spiritual.” It’s my go-to answer. But I think chess breathes in the structure of my writing, in the way I think about a story, after all, one may imagine a story as having a beginning, a middle, and an ending, in the same way chess has an opening, a middle, and an end. This brings me to rhythm, and how it’s probably the single most important thing I learned from chess.

Chess breathes in the structure of my writing, in the way I think about a story, after all, one may imagine a story as having a beginning, a middle, and an ending, in the same way chess has an opening, a middle, and an end.

Not long ago I told a friend I was revising a story for rhythm, and he gave me the birdy, goofus look. Naturally, I couldn’t explain how this rhythm was a holdover from chess. In the opening of a game, after the pawns are pushed out to unlock space, the officers are ‘developed,’ placed into auspicious squares, from where they plan and launch attacks that affect the shape of the pieces in the middle game. Choices made in the middle game, pawn formations decided, officials exchanged for the lives of others, lead to the powerful or emasculated state of the king in the end game. This collaborative march allows the player to think of the entire game solely in terms of a kind of eurythmics, a dance, so that if a bad move is executed, it creates an imbalance the player often feels, before he sees. Masters know this.

In the same way a story can be taught, can be thought of, in terms of rhythms. A story is a whole organism, or an organ, like a beating heart. Every move the writer makes, every scene he creates, every action the protagonist considers, carries lifeblood back to the heart of the story — the why I’m telling you all this hub; similarly the story itself, the story’s heart, supplies lifeblood to its many parts. It’s a symbiotic relationship. Deleuzian. Any progression in the story, or series of progressions, that fail to carry the story forward, is something like a blocked vein or artery, a purposeless rhythm that must be syncopated, or done away with. I like to think of a story as a cosmos of rhythms, made up of units of self-regulating rhythms that flow back to the Mother-rhythm, in a kind of positive-feedback mechanism — just like in chess. This is probably the farthest I can go in explaining how rhythm functions in my writing, without running foul of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, which I fearfully apply — out of acute equipoise or mere foolishness — to the most quotidian business.

Every move the writer makes, every scene he creates, every action the protagonist considers, carries lifeblood back to the heart of the story.

And a chess tournament provides such a rich harvest of characters to delight any writer, and can be imagined as a story itself, a grand narrative unfolding. Each player yearns on the board, tries to define his place in a world of squares where he is in constant conflict, struggling against his own training, his own instinct, and the hopes of a waiting world. The tournament player is also trying to define himself in the larger world of a competition he’s praying to win, sometimes resenting the progress of friends, hoping that he finishes better, finding romance in the pauses between games when someone with a good-looking body catches his eye.

Chess cheats have to be the most inventive, the most intriguing, the most priceless characters.

In my experience, chess cheats have to be the most inventive, the most intriguing, the most priceless characters, more fascinating than “midfielders,” incompetent but stubborn players going nowhere in the competition, but willing to snuff out your dreams of glory, “okpes,” foolish gluttons who eat every poisoned thing you throw at them, and “fishparovs,” grossly incapable wannabe Bobby Fischers. I have seen a chess cheat walk up to a board and announce to his seated confederate: Coach is calling you, then take the fellow to a corner where no coach waits, instructing him on the game. Another cheat, standing in the crowd around a table, whispered riddles to his seated collaborator: “Snatch up the apple of the king’s eye; the horse! The horse must not escape! The elf in front must eat!” You would be forgiven for thinking you’re reading an excerpt from The Broadview Anthology of Restoration & Early Eighteenth Century Drama.

I no longer play chess with any regularity, though I’d love to (I battled with guilt for several months, after I abandoned serious chess). It’s impossible to combine a devoutness to chess, with a dedication to writing. But I haven’t completely let go — I sometimes play against generic PC programs, just as I cannot free myself from the tethers of writing. It’s safe to assume that when I’m drafting a story in Tallahassee, when I’m in the deep space between the selves, I am also seated in front of ChessMaster in Lagos, trapped in a half-solid world of dreams. I drift quietly between these two worlds, taking on the attitude of a student, developing my own willpower, and perhaps most significantly, trying to stay away from hilarious Best of Jalaal prank videos on YouTube.

A Jane Austen Row Erupts in Britain

Which is the real Pemberley? Was Mr. Darcy a profligate? Is Britain? The Chancellor of the Exchequer faces tough questions.

The great family estates of Britain are in regular need of cash infusions, usually by way of a clever marriage, a timely death, or the sudden interest of a second cousin from some place vile like New York. Or anyway that’s what literature has taught us. It seems the lesson still holds, and wouldn’t you know it, Jane Austen is at the center of the landed gentry’s latest scandal.

Last week, Britain’s Chancellor of the Exchequer, Philip Hammond, announced that £7.6m — or about $9.48 million — had been earmarked for repairs to Wentworth Woodhouse, Britain’s biggest private estate. In extolling the historical virtues of the behemoth house (with over 300 bedrooms), Mr. Hammond repeated the rumor that Wentworth was the inspiration for Mr. Darcy’s famous “Pemberley,” in Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. A little puffery, you say? Well, the Guardian didn’t think so, not with all those taxpayer pounds on the line. The newspaper reached out to the Jane Austen Society, which responded through a spokesperson: “There is absolutely no evidence that Jane Austen ever travelled further north than Lichfield in Staffordshire… There are other places such as Chatsworth, which lay claim to be the model for Pemberley.” Wentworth Woodhouse, of course, lies 70 miles north of Lichfield (of course!). That means it’s highly unlikely Austen used the home as the prototype for Darcy’s fictional estate.

But what about the upkeep, the proud history, the 300+ beds to make?

If only to put the nail in the coffin, the Society’s statement continued:

“Jane Austen, herself only too keenly aware of the value of money, and of the need for veracity, would have been savvy enough to know that a building the size of Wentworth Woodhouse… could not possibly have been supported on Mr. Darcy’s reported income of a mere £10,000 per annum.”

That’s some Emma-level shade.

This story is still developing. We’ll update you with more forthwith, or you can just wait a year, by which time Julian Fellowes’ will have adapted the scandal into an eight-part miniseries that your mother will absolutely adore.

Falsehood as Sudden Fact

For those who voted against him, the prospect of a Donald Trump presidency is possibly one of the gravest threats American democracy has ever faced. After all, the President Elect is a man who was described in The New York Times as “perhaps the most dishonest person to run for high office in our lifetimes,” having spouted lies not only about trade deficits and lawsuit settlements, but seemingly about his own basic personality and identity. He told the electorate, “There’s nobody who has more respect for women than I do,” and he claimed, “I’m a very nice person who gets along very well with people,” yet his past history as a misogynistic groper and a man who threatens to punch protesters in the face would appear to belie these assurances. In fact, his past history would even go so far as suggesting that his new guise as a model American and as the ideal President is based on little more than lies and fabrications.

Yet maybe, just maybe, there’s an outside chance the questionable, apparently falsified persona he’s adopted — of being the “president for all Americans” — will be the basis for the leader he’ll eventually become. Okay, such a possibility is a huge long shot, and I really don’t intend to offend anyone genuinely fearful for their future, yet perhaps there is a chance that the lies of today will shape the truth of tomorrow. As unlikely as it sounds, and as very unlikely as Trump is as a candidate for living up to his own BS, the process of falsehood going on to determine the future’s truth is the main theme of Javier Marías’ superb fourteenth novel, Thus Bad Begins. Set in the writer’s hometown of Madrid in the years immediately following the death of fascist dictator Francisco Franco, it charts fresh-faced graduate Juan de Vere as he takes a PA job with fading director Eduardo Muriel. Sent to run errands and then later to spy on those within Muriel’s inner social circle, Juan soon comes to learn not only that people can base their entire lives on lies, but that their very selves can grow snugly into them as well.

“Identity is only ever the assumption of a role or typecast.”

Yet Thus Bad Begins’ pessimistic view of identity runs even deeper than this, since it quickly becomes apparent in the first few chapters that, in the post-fascistic world Marías draws with exacting psychological detail, identity is only ever the assumption of a role or typecast. For example, upon beginning work with Muriel, Juan remarks on his new boss’ appearance, yet rather than simply describe the man’s specific facial features and physical characteristics, he perceives him through the likenesses of such classic-era actors as Errol Flynn, Ronald Colman, and David Niven. He says, “it was as if, unconsciously, he had remained stuck with the image of the male leads from the films of his childhood and adolescence.”

Such comparisons to Hollywood figures occur with other main characters in Thus Bad Begins, from Muriel’s middle-aged doctor friend, Jorge Van Vechten (“Robert J. Wilke”), to the director’s wife, Beatriz, whom he likens to “Shelly Winters.” However, despite the suspicion that they’re simply the quirk of cinephiles, the reader soon learns that Marías’ uses them to make an important point about how people identify themselves. This comes out most clearly when, after having defined the appearance of Muriel in terms of the appearance of various actors, Juan affirms that the director “was an excellent mimic,” as if to say that his resemblance to Robert Donat and Robert Taylor was less an accident and more the product of how his personality fundamentally works.

“[T]he novel lays the foundation for what follows, insinuating that identity and selfhood are little more than imitative facades.”

In making this affirmation, the novel lays the foundation for what follows, insinuating that identity and selfhood are little more than imitative facades. And it’s precisely in the attempt to crack the facade that Muriel sends Juan off on what is one of the novel’s two central plot threads. That is, he asks his young assistant to insinuate himself with the aforementioned Dr Van Vechten, who Muriel believes may have used his favored position within Franco’s Spain to behave “in an indecent manner towards a woman or possibly more than one.”

It’s not simply that exploiting and abusing women is “as low as one can go” as far as Muriel is concerned, but that Dr Van Vechten is for all intents and purposes “a highly respected paediatrician” who “had been one of the sincere ones” during the Franco era. And it’s because he’d “built a reputation as a good, kind man” that Muriel asks Juan to shadow him, since the suggestion of gross indecency re-arouses Muriel’s suspicion that Van Vechten, as well as people in general, are inherent frauds.

It’s this belief in the essential falsity of people and society that frames the rest of the novel, including the second central plot thread involving Muriel himself and his semi-estranged wife, Beatriz. As Juan narrates via monologues that often veer close to stream-of-consciousness territory, the pair live together peacefully with their three young children, yet for some undisclosed reason Muriel appears to absolutely detest his spouse. In one memorable scene, in which Juan spies on the couple from the bottom of the upstairs hallway, the older man coldly rejects her attempts to reestablish some kind of intimacy, going so far as to tell her, “I hope to be the one to bury you.”

Much of the novel’s intrigue and weight flows from the fact that it’s not entirely clear why Muriel expresses such embittered sentiments, yet one of his declarations during this pivotal scene is particularly revealing:

“If only you’d kept me in the dark. When you embark on a deception, you should maintain it right until the end.”

This is what’s most interesting about Thus Bad Begins, that Muriel and other chief protagonists aren’t opposed to falseness per se, but against inconsistent or imperfect falseness. Earlier in the novel, he informs Juan, “Pretending is essential if we are to live together,” yet he goes on to add, “here, where we’ve seen the criminals’ true faces, seen what happened, pretense is impossible.”

Unsurprisingly, this latter remark is a reference to the horrors of Franco’s regime, which tore one half of Spain against the other and, after the dictator’s death in 1975, made it incredibly difficult for the Spanish to resume living as if nothing had happened. Yet the book’s two central threads soon reveal that it’s also a reference to ‘criminals’ of a more metaphorical stripe, to those friends and relatives of Muriel who’ve damaged their relationship with him not so much by lying, but by doing something to make it impossible for him to go along with their lies. And in revealing this in a piecemeal, almost detective-novel fashion, the book becomes a powerful argument for how it’s often not deception itself that’s unacceptable, but rather its exposure and betrayal, which renders it unworkable, thereby destabilizing the society dependent on it for cohesion.

“[T]he book becomes a powerful argument for how it’s often not deception itself that’s unacceptable, but rather its exposure and betrayal.”

Given the Franco-era context of Thus Bad Begins, it’s tempting to assume that the falsity of the main characters stems mainly from the threat of violence hanging over those who didn’t conform. In at least one way, this assumption would be true, seeing as how the novel is full of striking passages that detail how those power liked to “threaten [people] with prison or even death, at least in the immediate postwar years.”

Yet once again, Marías unflinching illustration of post-Franco Spain puts forward a deeper reason for the pretenses and playacting of his protagonists, which is that there’s no essential core to their identities and selves. As such, instead of basing the direction of their lives and personal development on this core, the characters in Thus Bad Begins grope around arbitrarily for some mask or facade.

This is what Juan affirms at various points during his often deeply involved narrations, which at one point have him admit, “Maybe we never are fully formed.” In the very same sentence, he also suggests that we only “begin unwittingly to configure and forge ourselves from the moment […] we accept or reject the options offered to us or allow others to do so on our behalf.”

That the self is basically unformed and empty until it assumes available “options” is what emerges gradually over the course of his conspiracy to investigate Van Vechten, which ends up forcing him to play a role, “as if I were an actor in a film Muriel was directing.” Yet in addition to this overarching plot thread, the self’s underlying emptiness also comes out in the novel’s very style and language, which despite being conversational is occasionally as complicated, dense, contradictory, fragmented, and episodic as the fraudulent selves it portrays. Its sentences often run for entire paragraphs, and paragraphs sometimes take detours into different spaces and times, while the whole upshot of this sprawling style is to reinforce the idea that the individual is an ambiguous mess who needs readymade disguises in order to give off the semblance of unity and coherence.

“[T]he characters in Thus Bad Begins grope around arbitrarily for some mask or facade.”

Admittedly, such an account of the writing in Thus Bad Begins might make it come across as a self-consciously ‘difficult’ novel. Nonetheless, Juan’s narrations — as well as the colorful dialogs he enjoys with various members of Madrid’s literati — are remarkably approachable and inviting, if only because they contain so many observations and insights that the reader will find recognizably — if lamentably — true of life.

At one point, he muses, “We strive to conquer things, never thinking […] that they will never definitely be ours, that they rarely last.” At another, he’s told by Muriel, “Even I don’t really know you […] But then neither do you.” On their own, such thoughts serve to imbue the novel with a richly dark atmosphere, while as a whole they heighten it’s key message that the self is incomplete, that it’s vague, that it’s shapeless, and that it lacks a single, definitive ‘truth.’

And it’s on top of this pervasive mood of confusion and uncertainty that Thus Bad Begins can deliver what is arguably its main conclusion: that people become the lies they tell of themselves. Even though it would obviously be a massive spoiler to give away what happens in the novel’s second half, it’s this half which reveals and confirms this notion, with Juan saying of the hard-to-pin-down Van Vechten, “maybe other people’s false perception of him has led him to fit himself to that mould.”

Yet while the book culminates by declaring that someone’s ‘true self’ is merely whatever myth has become a habit, it also culminates by declaring, perhaps controversially, that those who call out the theatrical, phony nature of people and society are more deserving of recrimination than even the most pathological liar.

Without giving too much away, this is one of the many things the Muriel-Beatriz plot line teaches us towards its finale, and it’s essentially what Marías teaches through the novel itself. He vividly paints a Spain coming to terms with the brutality of its past, not by mercilessly bringing to justice those who’d committed heinous crimes, but by pretending that such criminals are innocent in the hope that, one day, they will indeed become innocent. But in potentially disrupting this process, those who’d reveal past crimes become malefactors themselves, since they risk preventing Spain from healing its wounds, and from flawed people pretending their way towards self-improvement. Of course, this may not be an advisable way of redeeming the past, but in arguing that it is a way, the challenging, comical, profound, and even sometimes erotic Thus Bad Begins rises up as one of the most intriguing novels Marías has written to date.

Henrietta Rose-Innes on Pests & Allegories

In South Africa, Henrietta Rose-Innes is what’s politely known as a thing. She’s a Caine Prize-winning novelist and short story writer who’s published five books, been shortlisted for piles of prizes, and had stories everywhere from Granta to The Best American Nonrequired Reading. Her novels have appeared in French and Spanish, but somehow they’ve never made it to the United States until now. So, first thing, shout-out to Unnamed Press for acquiring the U.S. rights to Nineveh, and to small presses the country (and world!) over for bringing us fiction that’s energetic and unexpected and cool.

Second thing: Nineveh is one of the coolest novels I’ve read in years. I don’t know how else to say it. The ancient ruin of the title is a luxury housing project outside Cape Town that’s never been lived in because it’s plagued by mysterious and beautiful beetles — tell me that’s not cool. Tell me you don’t think it’s cool that the protagonist of this novel is a young female exterminator, or that every scene in the book is as simultaneously clear and confused as a dream. Tell me you aren’t excited that this book is available in the U.S. now. I dare you.

Lily Meyer: It must be strange to be doing press for a book that isn’t your most recent.

Henrietta Rose-Innes: It is a bit of a time-warp experience, since Nineveh came out in South Africa a good five years ago. It’s been interesting looking at the text again, seeing what’s changed in that period of time. But it’s been a lovely experience, too. It feels like the book has been given an unexpected new life.

Meyer: How has it been to revisit the actual words? Did you reread the whole text?

Rose-Innes: I reread it, and, being an obsessive re-worker, I couldn’t resist fiddling here and there with some of the things that weren’t quite right the first time around, so this is the best version yet. It’s a bit of a slippery slope, though, because of course no book is ever really complete.

Meyer: Was it hard for you to get back into the voice of this book?

Rose-Innes: It feels like a slightly younger version of myself, but it’s nice to have some distance. You can be more sympathetic to yourself once you’re looking back after a few years. And that’s been nice, looking back on this work and thinking, Oh, yes, I’m glad I wrote this!

Meyer: You’ve done some of a PhD in creative writing between then and now. Looking back, did you find that the academic work has changed your writing more or less than you expected?

Rose-Innes: It’s made me more analytical. More self-conscious, but in a good, deliberate way, especially about what I’m doing technically. More conscious of how I’m eventually going to speak about my new book, too. But that’s part of maturing as a writer — gaining the ability to look at what you’ve done from an analytical remove, without losing spontaneity.

Meyer: Speaking of that analytical remove, a lot of the press about Nineveh describes it as an allegory. First of all, do you think it’s an allegory?

Rose-Innes: Yes, I think it is, but international readers often want to see it as an allegory for South Africa as a whole, and I’m resistant to that. To me, it is a specifically local book. It’s deliberately about the complexity of one particular place and time, which is a small part of a small part of South Africa. I wasn’t trying to create some kind of grand national narrative.

Meyer: Then how is it an allegory to you?

Rose-Innes: For me it’s about cities and city living. It’s a story about the inevitable cycles of change, of destruction and construction, that occur in the complicated urban environments that most of us live in. All the stress I put on the variety of beings in this small landscape was a way of examining the idea of a city as a complex ecosystem. And in that ecosystem, all the players — human or not — have to adjust and accommodate to each other’s needs. Everyone has to give up control. I think that’s what I was trying to express: the need to give up some control and embrace change.

Meyer: Was that always the arc of the book, or did you figure out as you wrote that you were writing about giving up control?

Rose-Innes: I don’t think I’ve ever sat down in front of a blank page and decided to write about something conceptual in that way. I always start out with concrete objects that speak to me in some way — in this case, insects that I’d encountered walking on the mountain in Cape Town, as well as imagery from the ancient city of Nineveh, which I’d always been very drawn to. The images felt somehow connected to me, but I wasn’t sure what those connections were.

Meyer: Something that was interesting to me was that for a book that’s about invasion and relinquishing control — and for a book that’s about a young woman — there’s very little sex. I liked that.

Rose-Innes: Well, Katya’s sexuality is pretty dysfunctional, and her relationship to sex is pretty dysfunctional, as a result of her curious upbringing and her strong identification with her father. I think she’s very confused about power and sexuality, maybe because her father, who’s this sort of scurrilous figure, is an overpowering force in her life. He’s this hyper-masculine pest exterminator who goes through life as a force of callous destruction, and she models herself on him whether she likes it or not.

Meyer: She does try not to be like him, though. She puts in a good-faith effort. Actually, she puts in a good-faith effort at almost everything. That’s one of her defining traits as a character.

Rose-Innes: She does try. She wants an adult and orderly life. She wants to construct a home, and family relationships, and a sex life. She’s copying something that feels superior to what she already has, but she doesn’t get it exactly right — and then she abandons all of that as a farce and a delusion. By the end of the book, she’s given up her pretense of a stable, proper life. It’s not for her.

She embraces her dysfunction all the way through, though. She identifies quite strongly with the vermin — these little helpless, hapless loser beasts. She’s mostly on their side; she has an innate sympathy with these underdog creatures in the world. She prefers the exterminated to the exterminators.

Meyer: How did you develop her character?

Rose-Innes: Well, she’s more uncompromising than she was when I started out. A lot of the characters became slightly exaggerated types, and some — the dirty old exterminator — are distinctly cartoonish. I was having fun with that. So Katya herself started out less extreme, more normalized. But I got into it! It’s fun to write eccentric characters. It allowed me to explore the parts of myself that fit less easily into conventional society. Plus, it adds a certain kind of wacky energy to the writing.

It’s fun to write eccentric characters. It allowed me to explore the parts of myself that fit less easily into conventional society.

Meyer: How did you come to that, or give yourself permission to do that?

Rose-Innes: Necessity, I think. Writing doesn’t necessarily flow easily for me. It’s a struggle to find a path into a novel initially, and if you find something that excites you enough to sit down in the morning and work with it, then you grab onto it with both hands. So for me, finding each one of the characters was an experience like that. It was like, Oh, thank God, I’m going to run with this.

Meyer post-script: Speaking of running with this, I got a bonus answer from Henrietta. I wanted to know what South African writers I should be reading, especially new ones, and she sent me a list of recommendations too good not to share.

Rose-Innes: I tell anyone who asks to read Ivan Vladislavic — Double Negative, 101 Detectives, Portrait with Keys and whatever else you can get your hands on. I’m excited about the work of Masande Ntshanga, whose intense, layered debut novel The Reactive came out earlier this year. SJ Naude’s luminous short-story collection, The Alphabet of the Birds, is beautifully self-translated from Afrikaans, and I hear he has a novel on the way; and I’d urge you to read Yewande Omotoso’s affecting, stylish The Woman Next Door. Imraan Coovadia’s excellent The Metric System is a searing account of the South African political transition. Collections of stories are good places to find emerging voices: I’d recommend Water, published by the Short Story Day Africa, the speculative-fiction anthology Terra Incognita, or the themed anthologies put out by Short Sharp Stories. It’s so hard to pick just a few names; for a glimpse of the depth of talent, look at the line-ups for the local book festivals, such as the brand-new Abantu Book Festival in Soweto, or Open Book in Cape Town.