From the Book Waiting to Be Read on Your Bedside Table

Hey, girl, it’s me. The book at the bottom of your “To Be Read” pile. I thought maybe tonight we could hang out. You can slip me out from under this stack, slide between my pages, and get to know me better. 

We deserve some quality time, just you and me, away from the eight books you heaped on top of me. And those four next to the lamp. 

I’ve been on this bedside table for two years, and I want to take this relationship to the next level. Girl, I’m ready to open up for you.  

It feels like just yesterday you were at the bookstore with your friend Ainsley and she was like, “Have you read this? You HAVE to get it!” I felt the thrill of your fingers stroking my spine. In a flash, I was at the cash register, then in your bag, then your bedroom. 

My diction will thrill you but I need to be on top.

You didn’t touch me that night, which was surprising given our whirlwind courtship at Books Are Magic, but I respect your pacing. 

I figured I’d get picked up in a day or two. But then you put that Sally Rooney novel on top of me and I was like, hmmm. Okay. You’re reading other people. That’s cool.

Then The Nickel Boys showed up. Then a John Grisham book you bought while stuck at Newark airport. Then Do-It-Yourself Basic Home Repair. No idea where that one came from. The point is, my diction will thrill you but I need to be on top. 

I’m beginning to show signs of age. A coffee stain on my cover. Some dust. A splotch from when you used me to kill a spider. I noticed your Toni Morrison book doesn’t have a splotch. 

But let’s not talk about that. Let’s talk about us. I understand a fine reader such as yourself can’t be tied down. I’ve watched you read many others. But even though we both consented, it doesn’t mean I don’t get jealous. 

I just wish you’d commit because I know how to satisfy you. And not just my skillful foreshadowing and extensive wordplay. Once you see my strong character development and grasp my firm plot, you’ll be turning my pages faster and faster. 

I know you like to see what else is out there. I’ve watched you scroll through BookTok. I saw you updating your profile on Goodreads. We both know you aren’t “currently reading” 103 titles but hey, everyone’s playing the same game, right?

I can’t ignore the nights you get dressed up and go out to the local bookstore. Ainsley will text about some hot author with a write-up in the Times doing a reading and sure enough, you stumble home with another book, sometimes two. 

It’s a lot for me to bear. Literally. You seem to have a thing for hardcovers. 

I don’t mean to pressure you. I don’t want to be like your Book Club books. You get halfway through and then start rushing because you’re afraid you won’t finish in time. Skimming leaves everyone unsatisfied.

We’ll take it slow. First, we’ll start with an epigraph. Then Part One. It might take a while to get immersed in my smooth rhythm, but by Part Six, I will have touched you in ways you won’t forget. I promise my climax will make you cry. 

Girl, sometimes I wonder if you’re just a tease, gathering up books but not going any further. There’s a word for that: tsundoku, the art of buying books and never reading them. Is that all I am, an object to be collected then ignored? 

Babe, I know you. The real you. I remember the poetry phase. The World War II historical novel phase. The “I should learn more about philosophy” phase. And now the latest Pulitzer and Booker winners. No disrespect, but I was out in paperback before they were glints in a publisher’s eye. 

So let me thrill you with my free indirect discourse. If you’re feeling curious, we can dabble in intertextuality. 

I’m in medias res but if you’re not ready, I’ll wait. Just don’t forget that I’m here and drunkenly order another one of me on Amazon. I’m pretty sure that’s how we got two copies of Atomic Habits.  

Wait, what’s happening? You’re moving things around. Taking books off me one by one. Is this my moment? Girl, get ready for my unconventional narrative structure to rock your world. 

Oh, whoops. Okay, sure, just put that wine glass on top of me. No worries! Maybe some other time.

Exclusive Cover Reveal of “Unsex Me Here” by Aurora Mattia

Electric Literature is pleased to reveal the cover for the book Unsex Me Here by Aurora Mattia, which will be published by Coffee House Press on September 24, 2024. Preorder the book here.


“These are stories about attempting to outrun time; about trying to remember transfemme pasts; about magic touching everything except the possibility of lasting love.”

From a shapeshifting garden somewhere in Michigan to a West Texas town with a supernatural past, from a stalactite cavern in the birthplace of Aphrodite to a secret waterfall in Texarkana: from nowhere to anywhere, Aurora Mattia chases glimpses of paradise. Her gemstone prose shatters into starbursts of heartbreak and rapture, gossip and holy babble, bringing together a cast of spiders, sibyls, angels, mermaids, girlfriends, and goddesses in vain pursuit of their unnameable selves. Their perils are as dense with symbolism as they are refined by desire—if beauty is the labyrinth, it is also the light.

Tied together by the strings of a corset, Unsex Me Here is a dazzling showcase of other worlds near and distant, and the high femme ramblers who’ve found and lost their way through them.


Here is the cover, designed by Tree Abraham.

Author Aurora Mattia: “My family is from East Texas, but the Texas-of-my-mind, the Texas that pulls my dreams across towns and timezones—the Texas where my great-grandmother Bobby was sent to live in a single mothers’ home after a lowlife boyfriend got her pregnant—is across the Pecos, among ghost town ruins, beneath the high auburn walls of mesas like immemorial clouds calcified by heat and slow time, and come to rest. So it makes sense for the cover of Unsex Me Here to reflect that supernatural place where I first saw the moon rise; and it only makes sense, since all life began within hydrothermal heat vents—enormous cracks—in the ocean floor, for an infinite ravine to split the desert in two, because that very desert, where anyone can happen upon an ammonite fossil, was once itself an ocean floor, the Permian Basin. And so it only makes sense, in that northern corner of the Chihuahuan Desert, for iridescent forms—bubbles, blobs, mutating globules—to wobble and rise from such a ravine, on the verge of shapeshifting into something known, or at least something knowable, because, as the women in Unsex Me Here believe, iridescence is:

  •          the oldest force in the universe, its most fundamental expression, i.e.,
  •          the antimatter nectar of nothing, i.e.,
  •          the precondition of all life.

And what could be more transsexual than that?”

Designer Tree Abraham: “Mattia’s decadent surrealist language is a designer’s dream. There was so much description of an Empyreal world made of luminescent surfaces and mythological collisions. The initial cover concept was inspired by a passage in the book:

‘To let loose a swarm of butterflies from the cracked earth, but I am not made to show you butterflies, I am made to show you trampled wings and the uselessness of beauty. I want so much to give you paradise, I am trying my hardest, I promise. I have at last exhumed my phrases and though they are damp and humid and many are rotted like wet leaves I speak them anyway.’

The cover had butterflies escaping from the crack. The author wanted something other than butterflies. I pulled the orbs from another concept, feeling these vessels of watery air offered similar optimism as they floated up from the hot dry earth. Taking notes from Mattia on color and type ultimately made this cover better than I could have imagined, but not nearly as fantastical as what lies inside.”

8 Literary Book Titles Likely to Rile Book Banners

Several months before my short story collection Sex Romp Gone Wrong was published, I started joking that my new book was already banned in Florida and Iowa. It wasn’t entirely a joke. Both states had recently passed legislation requiring any materials depicting sex to be removed from school libraries. The laws also said schools couldn’t teach younger students about sexual orientation or gender identity.

In the 2022-23 school year, according to Pen America, “over 40% of all book bans occurred in school districts in Florida.” But districts in plenty of other states have also been facing challenges, usually over books that feature characters of color, discuss race or racism, have LGBTQ+ themes, depict or mention sex, or include language the challengers deem offensive.

Often, the folks involved in trying to ban books (who, it should be noted, are a vocal minority) admit they haven’t actually read them. In August 2023, harried administrators in one Iowa school district used AI to try to figure out which of the books under review depicted sex. They didn’t think they could actually read all the books by the new law’s required deadline for removing restricted materials, so they turned to algorithms for help. It would be laughable if it weren’t so terrible.

Sex Romp Gone Wrong is about women and girls at different stages of life, navigating relationships, desire, love, marriage, and motherhood. Yes, there’s sex, some of it queer, and while I wouldn’t go so far as to say my book contains a fuck-ton of cussing, there is a fair bit. I didn’t write the stories for children, and I’ve never expected the book to appear on school library shelves. However, book bans aren’t only affecting school libraries. Last fall the New York Times reported that the American Library Association had noted an increase of challenges to materials in public libraries as well.

Given this surge in anti-book activity, I’m wondering if book challengers will soon be too time-crunched even to run titles through Chat GPT. Will they have to start targeting volumes based on title alone? If so, then I reckon Sex Romp Gone Wrong could be off the shelves, along with a lot of others. Here are 6 literary fiction titles and two memoirs book banners are liable to point their judgey fingers at:

Nightbitch by Rachel Yoder

An artist mothering a two-year-old finds herself transforming into a dog at night. A fractured fairy tale about a stressed-out woman, this novel is also a funny, smart exploration of the difficulties of trying to be an artist while also being a mother. As the story unfolds, the unnamed woman finds powerful new ways of being that are pretty alarming, as well as some that are pretty wonderful. Yoder’s depictions of the joyous, tedious, and highly time-consuming processes of raising children and making art—and the difficulty of summoning the energy to do both at the same time—had me alternately laughing and cringing in recognition.

Hijab Butch Blues by Lamya H

Lamya H is a queer Muslim woman who wears hijab and wrote this memoir under a pseudonym for reasons she explains near the book’s end. Born in South Asia, Lamya moved with her family to the Middle East when she was a small child. There she struggled to fit in with the wealthier, lighter-skinned Arab girls at her school, whose parents told them not to play with her and looked down on her for being brown. At fourteen, she discovered that she could read the Quran in ways that affirmed rather than denied her burgeoning realization that she was queer. This discovery sparked a years-long process in which Lamya’s religion consoled and strengthened her as she immigrated to the United States and searched for a community that welcomed her as a queer person, a brown person, and a person of faith. Her memoir recounts key moments of realizing her queerness, coming out to friends, and making a joyful queer life with her partner and found family. Each of these moments is interwoven with a story from the Quran, illustrating how Lamya’s awakenings resonated with foundational stories of Islam, and how these stories helped shape who she has become.

Shit Cassandra Saw by Gwen E. Kirby

This collection is one of my favorites. Shit Cassandra Saw is full of stories that delight in playing with form, narrative conventions, and reader expectations. Kirby’s imagination seems boundless; her wild, strange, funny tales range through the centuries, lighting on women and girls of today and yesterday who have run out of patience with patriarchal bullshit. Virgins, witches, whores, teachers, moms, adolescent friends—whoever they are, they push back, refusing to accept the fates that men have tried to determine for them. As “Boudicca, Mighty Queen of the Britains” says, “it is not fair that I should change to suit the desires of others.”

Bastard out of Carolina by Dorothy Allison

This novel, which came out in 1992 and was a finalist for the National Book Award, has already been the target of many a book ban for its depiction of violence and sexual abuse. Yet it has also been widely celebrated for Allison’s raw and knowing depiction of poor white southerners in Greenville County, South Carolina, where she was born and raised. A lesbian who grew up working class, Allison’s searing work refuses to let women like herself and the women who raised her remain invisible.

F*ckface by Leah Hampton

A young lesbian working in a rural grocery store in the North Carolina mountains longs to escape. A park ranger grows weary of finding dead bodies in the woods where she once longed to roam. Set in contemporary Appalachia, Hampton’s stories follow working-class characters whose lives are interdependent with the land in ways city dwellers often don’t think about. Their homeplaces, livelihoods, and health have been devastated by industries like coal mining and hog farming. Some itch to leave, while others stay, aching for what they’ve lost.

Letter to My Transgender Daughter by Carolyn Hays

Carolyn Hays (the writer’s pseudonym) was the mother of four children, and pregnant with another, when a knock on her front door changed everything. An investigator from the Department of Children and Families was following up on an anonymous tip about Hays and her husband. The complaint was that their fourth child was trans, and that her parents were “making” her that way by using her preferred pronouns and allowing her to choose the clothing she wanted to wear.

Hays recounts how she, an academic and writer, and her husband, a soccer coach, learned how to give their daughter what she needed to thrive, as well as what their family did to try to keep her safe. The book offers plenty of scientific and historical research, and talks about recent progress in trans visibility and representation; it also addresses the current climate of growing anti-trans legislation and persistent violence against trans people. Mostly, though, this memoir is an intimate portrait of a large, loving family, written by a mother dazzled and strengthened by her daughter’s joyous certainty about who she is.

Whatever Happened to Interracial Love? by Kathleen Collins

Kathleen Collins was a Black writer, filmmaker, playwright, and activist who died of breast cancer in 1988 at the tragically early age of 46. Nearly 30 years later, Ecco Press published her short fiction in this slim but powerful volume. Collins portrays intellectual Black artists, professors, and professionals in New York during the 1960s through the 1980s, yet the voices feel fresh, in large part because she drops us so quickly and surely inside each character’s consciousness. Voice-driven and economical, her stories waste no time on unnecessary backstory or connective tissue. It’s as though Collins knew she didn’t have much time.

Hell of a Book by Jason Mott

This devastating surreal novel about a famous Black author on book tour who finds himself talking with a figure called The Kid (who may or may not be real) is by turns satirical, horrifying, and thoughtful. It won many awards, including the National Book Award, and is sure to infuriate anyone who doesn’t want to think about our country’s history of racial violence and police brutality.

My Body Remembers the Story You Want to Erase

This Is How the Story Changes, This Is How the Body Remembers by Raennah Lorne

One day, when I tell my story, I will remember how my body led me to believe it. I will say I slept with you the second time we met, seeking a force strong enough to break the physical magnetism between me and my loving ex. I will not fear being called a slut or worry I’ll be told I got exactly what I deserved. I will describe your eyes, always bloodshot slits, and the long-sleeve collared shirts you wore with the top buttons undone, revealing your chest, and your favorite one that summer: a rich forest green, the sleeves cuffed to the elbows. I will call it what it was when, during the second time in bed, you asked to try something different and I said No but you tried anyway and I said Please stop, and you said Relax and it won’t hurt. I will tell how I shifted on my knees, preparing to spring, but you growled over my shoulder and I froze and you did not stop. I will call it rape.

I will admit I can’t recall whether it happened before or after I learned you were in anger management. I will remember that a half-formed fear about how our social circle might break under the pressure of my No bubbled to the surface of my brain. I will describe how afterward I went into the bathroom and wiped away blood, and how when I returned, it was obvious, no matter how drunk you were, you knew you had done something wrong. I laid myself down, having already left my twenty-three-year-old body, and you lifted me up, all one hundred and thirty-five pounds, and cradled me against your chest. Then you put me back down and fell asleep, and I turned away from you, eyes open in the dark.

I will remember that in the morning you said I hope you had fun last night, as I sat on the edge of the bed, my arms around my knees, my tongue pressing swollen words like marbles to the roof of my mouth. And then you left.


When I tell my friend Sylvie, I preface it by saying, It wasn’t rape. She is uneasy but takes me at my word. I am convincing enough, casting it as a night of bad sex, and later she shakes her finger at you and tells you not to hurt me again. I didn’t know it was her first time, you say, your hands in the air, her finger aimed at your heart. We all laugh it off. You drive me to a park where we have sex in the backseat. We undress ourselves and move mechanically. You try to be gentle but seek, as ever, only to satisfy yourself. My bare skin is pale in the moonlight, and this is what I will remember most. Not your body—mine.


I first meet you in the basement apartment of our mutual friend, Steve. You are sitting on the couch, slumped over, too stoned to raise your head, and Sylvie points you out as the one I’ll like because of your curly hair. Our group heads to the karaoke bar and you stumble your way through “Sex and Candy,” Sylvie shaming you for not knowing the words by heart.

The second time we meet is at a Mexican restaurant. It must be after Cinco de Mayo because I recount my recent disastrous date on that day with a man who arrived at my house wearing a huge sombrero and a black felt mustache stuck to his Caucasian upper lip, whose hands were cold and smaller than mine. At the mention of my long fingers, you set down your wine and reach your hand, palm up, across the table saying, Now I’m curious. We press our hands together longer than necessary. Your hands are not smaller than mine.

The raspberry margarita goes to my head and I grin over your attention. This time when we reach the karaoke bar, you are alert, premeditating. You buy me a Woodchuck and as I drink it, you read all the signs: my flushed face, my loose posture, my growing inhibitions. Are you a lightweight? you tease, and then buy me another.

When you go to the restroom, Steve tells me you’re moving to another state. My spirits fall. I ask if you’re a good guy. Yeah, he says, but then tilts his head from side to side, weighing your bad against your good. Yeah, he bobs finally.

I am already so enamored by our shared love of Suzan-Lori Parks and the fact that you’re an actor like my ex that I don’t think to mind when you put your hand on my ass. We dance close together, your hands everywhere, until you ask, Do you still need that walk home? and I say Yes.

On the walk, under the sobering street lamps and headlights, I ask you not to touch my ass. You take your hand away, but slide it back again to cup my jeans under the shadows of the magnolia and gingko trees. You make a joke and as I turn to you and laugh, your mouth falls hard on mine. I kiss you back. At the door of the house I share with three other people, I turn to you and say, I suppose you want to come in.

If you don’t mind, you say. We climb the stairs to my bedroom tucked above the old garage and make out on my mattress on the floor until you say, Not to sound like a total skeeze, but I have a condom. I consent.

You are quick and pant a lot. Jackrabbit is all I can think. The next thing I know, you pull out and my stomach is wet in the dark and in a panic I say, Did the condom stay on? And you say, Not exactly. You apologize that the sex wasn’t better.

In the morning, you lift the sheet to appraise my body in the filtered sunlight and smile your approval. When you catch me looking back at yours, you kick your startled legs and pin the sheet down, but not before I see you are as hairless as a porn star. On your way out you say you had fun and we should do it again sometime.

By midday at work, I’m anxious about the condom mishap and my friend and co-worker walks with me to CVS to buy Plan B for forty dollars. The old pharmacist is kind, judgment absent from his face. I swallow the first pill and hope it won’t make me sick.

A week passes before I see you again. Sylvie invites me, you, and Steve to her apartment for drinks. You arrive last, wearing that same green shirt. When they leave us alone on the patio you knot up your eyes, press your cigarette between your lips and exhale a smoky, controlled How you been? I want to laugh. Steve has already told me you asked for my number. I tell you about taking Plan B, still thinking it was an accident, that we’re in this together. You say you’re sorry but don’t ask how much it cost or offer to pay. As we all walk downtown, Sylvie jams our hands together and runs away. It’s too soon, you say, extracting your hand and putting it in your pocket, and I want to laugh at this too. But then you tell me about your recent heartbreak, a woman who, in the middle of sex, said I don’t love you anymore.

I savor a single drink and talk to Sylvie and Steve while you play pool. Then you walk me back to my car and kiss me in the shadows against a truck that isn’t yours.

I think maybe the second time will be better.

The house is dark, my roommates asleep when we arrive. You have trouble getting it up and say, This isn’t really doing it for me.

That’s when you ask.

That’s when I say No. But you do not listen.

That’s when I say, Please stop, and you say, Relax and it won’t hurt.

Once, when my ex and I were having sex, I felt a sudden sharp pain. Ow, I said. He didn’t stop. Ow, I said again. He didn’t stop. In a fraction of a nanosecond, I shut my eyes in shock, turned my head and thought, This is what it’s like to be raped. He stopped. What’s wrong? he asked, his eyes full of concern. When I couldn’t speak, he lifted himself off of me and laid down beside me. I told him what was wrong. He said he hadn’t heard me. He kissed me and apologized.

That is my only frame of reference: if words fail, body language—its movement, expression, stillness—will communicate all there is to know.

I am not a person to you. I am a means to an end.

So, I shift my body under you, ready to spring. Then you growl over my shoulder and I realize I don’t know you at all. I freeze. But you refuse to read my body. I am not a person to you. I am a means to an end.

A month later I sit in a thin smock on an examination table and tell the nurse I may have contracted an STD when she asks the reason for my visit. I’m reminded just how legible my face must be when I hear her say outside the closed door, She’s very nervous, and then my nurse practitioner enters the room and asks softly, What’s up, babe?

I only tell her about the missing condom. The tests come back negative, which seems like dumb luck, especially when I hear third hand that one of the women you slept with before me called you to report symptoms.


Before you move away, I say I have something to give you. Steve and I have been dating for a month by then. We’re at the goodbye party your theatre friends throw for you in the country when I walk you to my car and hand you Peter Shaffer’s Amadeus, August Wilson’s Joe Turner’s Come and Gone, and Venus by Suzan-Lori Parks. Maybe it’s because we’d talked about them, and now I don’t want their spines on my shelf reminding me of you. Maybe it’s because I want to remind you of this thing we shared outside your violence.

Early in the evening, the party gathers around a fire pit and someone asks us each to share the story of our worst lay. I keep quiet and notice the silence of another woman, whom I know you’ve also slept with. After dark, she and I sprawl out on the trampoline, stare at the stars, and laugh about how bad in bed you are. Later I will wonder if she is also laughing to balance an unacknowledged pain.


A month after you leave, your body far removed from mine, the marbled words I held against my tongue that morning appear in my journal. In your absence, I am ready to own them: date, acquaintance, rape. Until then, I had believed I was in control of my life, that I was able to keep myself safe. Naming what you did meant admitting neither was true. It meant admitting it could happen again.

This admission, even to myself, has a price. I develop quirks that are hard to hide. I’m newly afraid of heights, balconies, flying, bridges, and tunnels; a generalized fear of structural collapse. I sit on the second-story balcony of a bistro and try to have a conversation with a friend while I imagine the supports crumbling and the floor tilting, tables, chairs, plates, silverware clattering to the street below as I dangle from the iron railing. Crossing bridges, I lift my palms to the sky in supplication to be upheld; I suspend my breath inside tunnels.    


From another state you send me a friend request on Facebook, which I delete. When I’m packing to move to a new apartment, I find the missing condom crumpled behind my bed and admit to myself that you must have pulled it off. I discuss my suspicion with a friend who knows other women you’ve slept with, and she confirms this is something you’ve done before.


Four months later, you return for a visit. Steve and I are still together, but he doesn’t know about the rape and I am not ready to tell him. There is a blizzard. Steve, another friend, and you, all drive to my apartment to borrow a snow shovel. The sun has already set as I sit at my desk with all the lights on, the indoor shutters open. You don’t come inside.

In the dark you might have seen me, but I couldn’t see you—as if I were on a stage; you, the uninvited audience.

Later, I join everyone at the bar to face you in the light, to see you see me, my body intact in spite of you. We do not speak. Your ex shows up and I watch your eyes flare and your jaw lock in place. Her betrayal stirs you more than your own. I have proven nothing to you, only to myself. I can survive your presence, your gaze, you—and walk away unshattered.

I tell Steve during the second blizzard that winter. I’m falling for him but won’t say so until I know whether he will believe me or call it a misunderstanding. We lie down on his futon, and with my eyes on the ceiling and my hand gripping his, I ditch my prepared script and tell it simply: It was date rape. It was anal. It was your friend. And I cry. He holds me, angry and dumbfounded, asks if he should confront you, warns me it won’t be quiet, and I say No, that if anyone should, it should be me. I am conscious that my body froze, didn’t fight you off, and I tell Steve I’ll have to explain myself for the rest of my life. You don’t have to explain yourself to anyone, he says.

The culturally inherent shame is so entrenched it takes a while to believe him. When I do, I realize that what we find so uncomfortable, so disturbing, about acquaintance rape is not that the line is blurred, but that the line is so easily crossed. When I start to think that things were blurred, that the night was grey, I remember the clarity of my No. I remember that I bled, though not all assaults draw blood. And I remember your words: Relax and it won’t hurt. These are not words spoken to someone who consents. These are words spoken to someone who resists. Couched in your command was an admission. You knew you were hurting me.

What we find so disturbing about acquaintance rape is not that the line is blurred, but that the line is so easily crossed.

After dark, Steve and I tramp through the snow-plowed streets with friends to the one open bar downtown. It has floor-to-ceiling windows and the light from the street lamps gives everything, even the slanting snow, an orange tinge. After we down a couple vodka citrus highballs, Steve leans in and whispers he can’t wait to get me home and kiss every inch of me. In his room my body is lit with kisses and I want to lift myself but can’t, suddenly a cinderblock. I can’t put myself on display and feel safe. He chokes up and says it’s all his fault. Why? I ask in surprise. Because I introduced you, he says.


In the new year, I begin telling the women closest to me and their responses vary.

One assumes, He held you down?

Another says, My ex used to rape me repeatedly, and when I ask why she didn’t tell me, she says, I didn’t want it to define me.

An older woman says, Something like that happened to me. But she does not name it.

Another says, I was raped. It was the sixties—men just assumed you wanted it.

Still another says, What R-word? when I speak in code and shushes me when I say anal in a public garden as we walk in search of a new art installation, something made of sand.

I tell my mother in the car so that I don’t have to face her as I speak. After I’ve used the fewest words possible and cry, she parks the car, turns to me, and says, Can I kill him? I laugh out a mouthful of air in relief that there is no need to clarify, to recount in detail your assault on this body she made.


Steve and I have been dating for over a year and have just moved in together when we receive an invitation to a wedding we know you will attend. This is the nature of acquaintance rape, even after you’ve moved hundreds of miles away. People say your name around me, not knowing what you did, and my face learns not to grimace at the sound of it. I want to attend the wedding, refuse to alter my decisions because of you. But as the date approaches, when I shut my eyes, I think of sliding a razor across my wrist. It doesn’t feel suicidal. It feels primal, exorcistic. As if bloodletting could drain the demons. It takes me weeks to tell Steve. I stand in the shower, my arms around myself, and tell him I keep seeing the image of the blade on my skin. He stands outside listening, the curtain drawn between us.

I recognize the danger and finally tell my doctor what you did. She recommends a therapist whose office is beside the train tracks, which forces us to suspend conversations mid-sentence over the roar of the engines. I don’t have much money or time, so I get to the point. When I say, I was raped, she hands me a box of tissues and asks if I was a virgin and I am annoyed this woman twice my age seems to subscribe to the myth that only the pure and untouched can be raped.

In the months leading up to the wedding I see her weekly and she gives me permission to hate you, which I do until I don’t need to anymore. I indulge my bloodlust in my mind, punt your ribs, scratch your eyes and break your nose, but it always ends with you cracking my head open on the walnut dresser my great-grandmother brought with her from Zurich. My therapist says you’ve given me a violence that doesn’t belong to me and when I ask her, How do I know where his rage ends and mine begins? she has no answer other than to suggest punching pillows or screaming in the woods. The first and only time I try beating and shouting into a pillow, I become more enraged and might laugh at the absurdity, except the anger inspires such terror in me. 

As the wedding nears, my therapist asks me to write you a letter I might never send. I punch the keys of my laptop and imagine that when I’m finished, my keyboard will look like my mother’s, her strong nails impressing crescent moons above the most common letters in the English alphabet (i, r, a, t, e, s, h, n, o). In the letter, I tell you what you did and how it changed me. I tell you that you engendered in me a hatred unlike any I have ever known, much of it self-directed, some of it not. I hated you for assaulting my humanity, my dignity. I hated your audacity, your sense of entitlement. I hated the mistrust stirred by your violence, which inevitably impacted my relationship with Steve. When I read the letter aloud in my therapist’s office above the grinding gears of the train braking below, she says, I think you should send it. I consider it as I select a shiny dress to wear to the wedding, a disguise intended to present me as unchanged, unaffected.          

Two years and five months after the rape, I see you for what I hope will be the last time. Our first encounter that wedding weekend is mercifully easy, two cars passing in the hotel parking lot, Steve and the groom speaking through open car windows, you and I silent. The day of the wedding, I do yoga to calm my nerves, shower, dress, and catch the shuttle to the ceremony site. A friend takes my arm and walks me down the stone path to the lawn where the men are gathered. As I move toward Steve, I catch sight of your eyes on my body and wonder if you have always looked so lecherous.

At dinner you sit across the table, diagonal from me, and ask about my writing. Steve runs his hand frenetically over the top of my thigh, his fingertips saying, It’s going to be okay babe, it’s going to be okay, as I answer carefully. I do not tell you my latest work is an unsent letter addressed to you.

The next morning, Steve and I arrange things so I won’t have to see you again before we leave. I will check us out of the room, he will say goodbye to you at the elevators. But instead of getting on the elevator, you walk Steve to the door where I stand. You shake his hand and then reach your arms around me. My whole body retracts internally. But then the touch is over, and it doesn’t sear like I thought it would.

Ten days later, I mail you the letter. In it, I remind you of your words, Relax and it won’t hurt, and ask, Who the fuck did you think you were, trying to talk me out of my pain? I tell you I know you pulled the condom off without my consent our first time together and that it, too, was a violation—of trust, sexual health, and my reproductive rights. I tell you about my denial and dissociation from the rape, and how I couldn’t name what you’d done until after you left town.

I don’t tell you I ordered a book called I Never Called It Rape by Robin Warshaw. I don’t tell you that it helped me understand why I pursued you afterward, plied myself with vodka, and kissed you that night under the porch. Warshaw explains this behavior is a way of normalizing violence, shrinking its terror by embedding it within the context of a relationship. It was my unconscious attempt at repair. But when a knife cuts, one doesn’t seek the blade to heal the wound. Eventually, I recognized my denial as a force of self-preservation, a suspension of truth that allowed me to be unafraid and fall in love with Steve.

After I send the letter, you unfriend Steve on Facebook and begin to fade from my story.


Gradually, I allow my body to thicken, to push back against Steve’s beautiful hands. Expansion makes me a smaller target in a culture that reveres thinness. (I read somewhere that the tissue of the traumatized vagina thickens too, and I wonder: Is it the same for other traumatized tissue, the body remembering its trespasses and reinforcing its defenses?) I build a barrier between me and the version of me that could be hurt. Because if I blame the rape on my alignment then with conventional standards of beauty, I regain control, increasing my girth and transcending the size parameters of someone who can be raped. Of course, this is folly. People of all sizes are raped.

Some days, when strange men turn from me, the excess pounds are a comfort. Some days, I am anxious to dig myself out from under this unburned energy, to reclaim an ease of movement and strength.

Three years after the rape, Steve and I visit Sylvie in her hometown, where she has returned to live. Steve’s friend Daniel attends the university there and we agree Steve will stay the weekend at Daniel’s and I will stay with Sylvie.

We all meet up at a bar and then go back to Daniel’s house, where everyone—Sylvie and I, Daniel and Steve, and Daniel’s two male roommates—continue drinking in his basement. The big and tall roommate points to the steel column in the middle of the room and says to me and Sylvie, Stripper pole. I glare at him but it doesn’t seem to register in his alcohol-sopped eyes. His perceptions aren’t so dimmed, however, that he can’t see, an hour later, that Sylvie prefers Daniel. In that moment he lifts up the loveseat she is sitting on and pours her onto the floor. She lands on her knees and spills her beer as she yells, What the hell? He is embarrassed then and says, I might’ve gone too far. Daniel laughs and agrees.

Meanwhile, the other roommate and I are locked in a grammatical argument. I can’t remember what point I am trying to articulate, but my nuanced construction irritates him and he interrupts to say, Well now you’re just trying to fuck an ant in the ass.

My body goes limp.

The scene is too familiar. Testosterone and alcohol. The men outnumbering the women—violence in the language and actions of the two men. My head falls onto Steve’s shoulder and I tell him I want to leave. But Sylvie is hitting it off with Daniel and doesn’t want to go. I tell her I am leaving without her, and swipe her car keys from her purse. Steve walks me out and as we ascend the stairs from the basement, my anger rises, strengthened by my movement, my agency. Steve sobers some as he tries to calm me. We reach the driveway when my rage catches and snakes through my body to my mouth and I scream in the quiet neighborhood, I fucking hate them! and slash the air with Sylvie’s keys. Only I’ve misgauged the distance between us, or Steve has taken a step toward me, and the keys rip through his t-shirt and the skin of his chest, but I don’t realize it as he wraps his arms around me and whispers, It’s okay, it’s okay. I let him hold me and breathe into the warmth of his body. Only when we pull apart does he rub his chest and check for blood; there is none, but apology still runs from my mouth.   

As I drive in the dark alone to Sylvie’s house, I am suddenly seized by fear. I have, essentially, stolen her car and I keep checking the rearview mirror for police lights. When I reach her house in the woods and unlock the door, her large black dog, the only dog I’ve ever feared, barks his alarm. I extend my hand past his massive jaw, the one Sylvie has to muzzle for the first ten minutes of my every arrival, and hook a leash on his collar. He stops barking, surprised, and I walk him out into the night—brazen and unafraid.

Years later, Sylvie and I will laugh about the night I stole her car. But I will also see it for what it was: trauma response. This is how the body remembers.


Five years after the rape, I see a second therapist whose office is across from the graffitied mailbox you pressed me up against once, your clumsy paw between my legs. I tell her my frustrations, desires, and fears about returning to my previous size.

I’ve done it before, I can do it again, I tell her.

When was the last time you did it? she asks.

When I wanted to show him that he hadn’t changed me.

But that was a lie.

Yes, that was a lie.

And because of this, returning to a smaller size feels like regression.

I have grown so much.

Maybe the next time you see me I will be too large for you to wrap your arms around.

Maybe

I

will

be

monstrous.

A word that grew out of danger, rising up from the Latin monstrum, meaning portent, threatening disquiet.

I sit on my therapist’s loveseat and she instructs me to plant my feet on the floor, close my eyes, and remember a time when I felt connected to my body. My brain takes an adolescent second to smirk over sex (consensual, mind-blowing, with Steve), but then my eyes swell and the smirk is replaced by a memory. I am twenty-one again and running along a sandy path before the boardwalk carries me over the marshes of the peninsula. I inhale the scent of pine and feel the strength and warmth of my muscles with each step of the nine-mile run. And suddenly, there it is, the lost thing that I am still mourning: my body. I inhabit it and it is mine and I am free, unburdened by you.


One morning after you assaulted me, I was out for a run when I saw you up ahead. My gut tightened and I slowed my pace. You didn’t see me as you bounded through traffic, probably late for work. I kept moving and by the time I reached the graveyard you were gone. When winter came that first year, I didn’t need much convincing to stop running and stay warm in bed with Steve. My knees lost strength and shifted, my patella pinching my ligaments every few steps.

With my second therapist’s encouragement, I begin physical therapy. On the first day, I can only lift two pounds with the left leg, only press a quarter of my body weight with both. If I were to fall while running, I wouldn’t be able to support my own weight. I do the exercises, sign up for my first race in ten years, and start running again. My breathing is labored, my lungs untrained, but I am slowly stitching back together the threads of connection to my body. My knees don’t hurt while running, but at night my bones wake me—they feel hollow inside me, unequipped to push back against the pain.

I am slowly stitching back together the threads of connection to my body.

That same year, I learn that meditation can help those diagnosed with PTSD and I sign up for a class. On the first day, the teacher asks us to pick a partner and tell them why we’re there. I tell an older woman with bleached hair that I’ve experienced a trauma that has separated me from my body. Then, unexpectedly, the teacher announces we’ll share our reasons with the whole class. Because I cry when it’s my turn, the older woman faces me at the end of class and says, I don’t know what you’ve been through but I can tell you I was raped with a gun to my head, and if I can survive that, you can survive this. Later, when I think of sitting quietly with myself, resistance presses like a metal beam on my sternum. I do not return to class. Instead, I force myself to do yoga, my shoulders shaking in downward-facing dog, all my joints weak—a woman unhinged.

And then, one day, something shifts. The voice in my head no longer says, You should, assuming it will meet resistance, and instead says, I will. I will feel better if I do yoga. In the movement from second person to first I am no longer outside myself looking in. I inhabit my body, take up residence inside myself.


Seven years after the rape, I read Bessel van der Kolk’s book, The Body Keeps the Score, and learn that bilateral stimulation of the body in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy can help the brain process traumatic experiences. I seek out a trauma specialist who practices EMDR. Her office is in a converted old house on a half-numbered street, squeezed between two whole numbered streets—which seems like a metaphor for something, like the place where trauma lives, in the half-space between a remembered past and a lived present, my body, the time traveler, slipping back and forth between the two.

After the introductory session, the specialist hands me two hard plastic pads the shape of worry stones, connected by electrical cords to a control device. While EMDR is named for bilateral stimulation of the eyes, the reprocessing of memories can also occur through stimulation of the hands with vibration, or of the ears through tonal sounds. As I hold one plastic pad in each hand, she adjusts the control buttons to demonstrate the vibrations I can expect to feel. There are at least three variations of intensity and three settings for speed. On the mildest setting, the gray pads quiver lightly in my palms, alternating from one hand to the other. The electrical current is strung between us, she in her chair and me on the couch. It feels both woo-woo and scientific as we work on “resourcing,” which involves constructing a peaceful place I can go to in my mind to rest between revisiting memories.

We spend several sessions exploring memories that cause light to medium discomfort. It’s awkward initially, as I’m unsure of the “right” answers in these structureless explorations of my own mind and emotional responses. But she reminds me that the only instruction is to react to what comes up as the bilateral stimulation of my body shakes things loose in my brain and we draw nearer to the white-hot pain. We practice visiting childhood memories and work our way up to the memory of meeting you. After six sessions, I tell her I’m ready to get it over with, to confront the rape itself. Seven years is so long and I am so tired, I tell her. Yes, she says, her voice gentle and measured, Let’s get it the fuck over with. I laugh and agree.

I am already holding the vibrating worry stones when she asks me to stand. She explains that as I recall your violence, I should feel free to respond in any way I want, to punch and kick, to scream. I am nervous and shut my eyes as I reenter the scene in my head. I am angry as I punch and kick without moving my arms or legs. Then suddenly I am crying and she asks me, What do you need right now? What do you need to do, what do you need to say? And one word rises up through my throat that has never once occurred to me in seven years. Not that night or any night after.

Help, I croak.

And for the first time, I think of my three roommates asleep in their beds, the British man well over six feet tall who lived across the hall and with whom I shared a bathroom, the woman in the bedroom below with her two protective dogs, and the other man downstairs by the kitchen who worked late and might even have been awake.

The novelty of the word astounds me, its size and shape expanding to fill the hollow space carved out in my brain by years of its absence.

Help, I repeat aloud in my therapist’s office to the roommates who aren’t there. In my head I scream it, and the power of my voice shakes my roommates from their sleep. The British man pounds on my door, the weak hook-and-eye latch wrenching apart. The woman below opens her door, and her dogs climb the stairs, snapping and snarling as they storm into my room.

You shrink from me then, naked, hands in the air, claiming innocence as infantile and inauthentic as your hairless body.

I don’t know what happens next and it doesn’t matter. What matters is the shattering in my brain. No longer catatonic, I have broken free from my freeze response.

My body remembers, and enacts a new ending. This is how the story changes.

10 Books to Help You Understand Paraguay

Latin American literature—translated into English, authored by members of diasporic communities, unpacked by scholars, or written by next generation children of immigrants—has never experienced such widespread, mainstream popularity.* More easily than ever, readers can encounter writers and artists from so many Latin American countries, including Mexico, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, Colombia, Argentina, El Salvador, Guatemala, Peru, Ecuador, Honduras, Venezuela, et alia. 

A notable exception, if you grew up flying to Asunción (then driving to Villarrica) for a month every few years to visit your father’s family—as I did—is the tiny, landlocked nation of Paraguay. Frequently overlooked, Paraguay hasn’t caught the attention of its larger, more prosperous, or more popular neighbors. And yet, the demographic maths suggest that the country isn’t underrepresented, with only a tiny percentage of the 63 million Latine inhabitants of the U.S. claiming Paraguayan heritage. But it still stings to find my people absent from anthologies, missing from print media, and all but omitted from the canon altogether.

In my own way, I hope to help elevate Paraguay’s status within literatures of the Americas. My debut book of poetry, Yaguareté White, explores themes of identity, heritage, history, and legacy, and it’s my hope that other Paraguayan Americans will recognize themselves in my poems. 

Of course, it’s important to acknowledge the many writers, scholars, and artists who have already figured Paraguay into literature before me. To that end, I share ten books to embark on a literary journey through Paraguay.

*For what it’s worth, I regard the United States as part of “Latin America,” due to its overlapping legacies of colonialism, undeniable cultural influence over, record of political interference in, and increasingly similar demographic makeup to countries traditionally considered “Latin” throughout the Caribbean, North, South, and Central Americas. 

Yo El Supremo by Augusto Roa Bastos, translated by Helen Lane

“Shouts and peals of laughter, cheers and hurrahs for El Supremo! The crowd grows more and more excited. Leaps and cavorts round the immense candle, which has done its humble best to bow its head to the multitude in this unprecedented celebration. The women writhe frenetically in the red dust of the plaza. The more ecstatic of the vatic Bacchae fling themselves upon the softened tip. Their hair stands on end. Tunics rent to pieces, eyes bulging from their sockets. They scrape off bits of hot wax. Gather the burning-hot drops in the hollow of their hands. Rub their bellies, their breasts, their mouths with chunks of warm wax. Howl in mad maenadic rapture:

Oé…oé…yekó raka’é

ñande Karai-Guasú o nacé vaekué…

Inarguably the foremost work of fiction produced by a Paraguayan writer, this doorstop of a novel is a fictionalized account of the rule of José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, the first dictator of Paraguay (officially, “Supreme and Perpetual Dictator of Paraguay”), installed shortly after national liberation in 1811. Defined by human rights abuses, a paranoid police state, and threats and implementations of violence against citizens, Francia’s rule nevertheless preserved Paraguayan independence, upended the Casta system imposed by Spain, and kept the needle of Paraguay’s national compass pointed ostensibly in the direction of progress.

Published in 1974, during the reign of murderous dictator, Nazi sympathizer and child rapist Alfredo Stroessner, Yo el Supremo triggered Paraguay’s censors, who were especially sensitive to anything that could be construed as critical of the Stronato regime and its “infallible” leader. Subsequently banished from his country, Roa Bastos waited out Stroessner’s rule, only to return upon the despicable despot’s downfall in 1989. 

Yo el Supremo stands alone among Paraguayan literature as a virtuosic interrogation into unchecked ambition, absurd megalomania, and the collective psyche of a country that continues to wrestle with memories of unquestioned complicity and the ongoing pursuit of independence.

Dream Pattering Soles by Miguelángel Meza, translated into Spanish by Carlos Villagra Marsal, Jacobo Ruskin, and the author; translated into English by Elisa Taber

“Mainumby,

fleck of forest

fluttering vertiginously by opening buds,

wearing out ornaments:

you originate afar in time.

Your long sipping beak

pierces

the forest,

and traversing the wind

you seal my sighs.”


Paraguayan poetry has only recently begun to emerge on the U.S. literary scene, most recently via an illuminating feature at Words Without Borders and this unprecedented, trilingual chapbook, which preserves the consonantal forests and firecracker diacritics of Paraguay’s native Guaraní, an indigenous language that serves as an official tongue of the country, together with Spanish.

In English translation, Meza’s lyrics range from mortal and mournful lamentations (“Lost my grandfather. My mother. My father. My flesh.”), to piercing depictions of petrified, anthropomorphized nature (“Water’s breath foams and hardens. […] Water’s breath is hard and sharp.”), to inextricable tangles of nature, technology, and humans’ built environment: “Palm wall / sifts moon’s wild honey.” The result is a stirring snapshot of poetry that lives inside and beyond the borders of country, culture, and language.

Besides his decades-long career as a poet and cultural promoter, Meza is the founder of Mburukujarami Kartonéra, a cartonera press, which recycles cardboard to construct handcrafted chapbooks and broadsides. With luck, we’ll see more of Meza’s poems translated into English, as well as that of his fellow countrypeople. 

An Archipelago in a Landlocked Country by Elisa Taber

“I was conceived in Neuland in 1990. I do not remember the bush Frieda planted when I was conceived, or the peach tinged roses I received when I was born. I remember Dolores Ayerza’s Reserva Campo Alegre, my mother’s painting. The baby in the forefront and the title scrawled at the bottom. He is limp but rigid in his mother’s arms. Her lips and nose are swollen but severe. In the background there is a man with mouth agape, a squalid dog, and a wooden chair. When I was older, I was told the baby was dead. In January 2013, I returned to Neiland on my own. I lived with Frida Müller for three months. She is a self-described Mennonite and Chaqueña. In July 2016, my mother and I return together to Frieda’s unoccupied home for a month.”

Described as a “lyric ethnography,” this hybrid text blends observation, ekphrasis, fiction, and myth to portray populations of Paraguayans residing in decidedly different environments: a settlement of Nivaklé, native people of the Chaco; and a Mennonite colony.

The book’s three sections are not designed to be read sequentially. Instead, writer, translator, and anthropologist Taber invites readers to jump between vivid descriptions of short films shot in Paraguay, a collection of short stories that take inspiration from Nivaklé folklore, and a novella that embellishes the life of a Mennonite woman.

Taber’s intimate, experimental treatment of such disparate topics yields a fascinating kind of hypertext, one that must be navigated in way that perhaps recreates the disjointed experiences shared by many people of Paraguayan descent, as we seek to make sense of our cultural, linguistic, and national heritages.

In addition to her own writings, Taber has translated work by a number of Paraguayan writers, including Miguelángel Meza (noted above) and Damián Cabrera, and she advocates for greater recognition of indigenous peoples across South America, such as the Mapuche

Juego de Palabras by C.E. Wallace

“qzuiás

la

vdia

no 

speimre

tneie

sneitdo”

One of the first Paraguayan-born writers currently residing in the U.S. to publish a book of poetry, Wallace’s lyrics are playful and flirtatious, as they explore the vocales and consonantes of español.

The title of Wallace’s debut translates literally to “game of words,” but it can be understood also to mean “puns,” as the poems riff on everything from monstruos and rostros, to ñanduti (traditional Paraguayan lacework) and rohayhu, the Guaraní word for, “I love you.” My favorite entries include those for búho (“owl”) and fases (“phases”), as they assume the shapes of gentle crescents wedged neatly on the page.

Available in Spanish from Valparaíso Ediciones, Wallace’s work will no doubt appear in English translation sooner rather than later, as the author continues to emerge as an important voice in U.S. poetics.

Don’t Cry: The Enlhet History of the Chaco War by Hannes Kalisch and Ernesto Unruh, translated by Nicholas Regan

“I was with my grandfather when we met some valay, some Paraguayan soldiers that were on their way back from fighting against the yaamvalay, the Bolivians. They stopped in the lengko—the Mennonite’s—village. There they saw my grandfather. They called him a Bolivian and then they murdered him.”

For three years, from 1932 to 1935, Paraguay engaged in a bloody war with neighboring Bolivia over the vast, semi-arid plains that comprise the Gran Chaco, thought to be rich in oil. (It is not.) Called the Chaco War, or the War of Thirst, the conflict is now widely recognized as a proxy war between Royal Dutch Shell (Paraguay) and Standard Oil (Bolivia), one that resulted in the deaths of anywhere from 80,000 – 150,000 combatants. In the end, Paraguay won a majority of the disputed land, which turned out to be bereft of any oil, minerals, or natural resources other than timber, most of it situated deep on the periphery.

The Chaco War also upended the lives of many indigenous peoples caught in the crossfire, including the Enlhet (sometimes conflated with the Enxet into one group, the Lengua), who had resisted colonization well into the 20th century, until the Mennonites arrived with proselytism and smallpox in 1927. Due to the Chaco’s remote geography, linguistic differences, and scholarly disinterest in the region until recently, Enlhet perspectives have remained largely silenced. This book salvages their untold stories to share with the wider world.

Divided into four parts, Don’t Cry offers a brief history of the Chaco War, recounts witness testimonies by Enlhet victims, contextualizes the firsthand accounts with additional materials, and suggests paths for progress that center the lives and experiences of the Enlhet people.

It’s a novel approach to storytelling, an engaging and heartbreaking history from below. I highly recommend Don’t Cry for anyone interested in learning about Paraguay from one sampling of its often overlooked native communities.

Disrupting the Patrón: Indigenous Land Rights and the Fight for Environmental Justice in Paraguay’s Chaco by Joel E. Correia

“Environmental racism predicated on histories of land dispossession and resource control has long threatened Indigenous and Afro-descendant well-being across [Latin America]. From early colonization to the present, land, water, and resource grabs undermine preexisting social-environmental relations. […] Thus, in thinking with recent provocations to decolonize environmental justice studies, this book attends to place-based struggles of Enxet and Sanapaná peoples while centering my interlocutors’ theorizations of justice and visions for the future. In so doing, I seek to advance a notion of environmental justice otherwise, enriched by hemispheric conversations about Indigenous politics in the Americas but always sensitive to the lived experience of land struggles in Paraguay’s Bajo Chaco.”

A bit dense, sure. But Correia’s intervention intersects at the bleeding edge of environmental justice and racial geography, two fields with a great deal to offer theorists in academia and activists on the ground in equal measure. Like Don’t Cry, Correia prioritizes the perspectives of native peoples in the legal and extralegal battles the Enxet and Sanapaná wage in order to not only return land back to its aboriginal inhabitants, but also to restore their collective and individual agencies. As an academic ethnography, Disrupting the Patrón is admittedly designed for a narrower audience than many titles on this list. But the book is available to read as an open access text, which is surely the modality of the future for academic publishing, if anyone besides eggheads and pencil-necks (Yours Truly included) will ever read it.

Colonial Kinship: Guaraní, Spaniards, and Africans in Paraguay by Shawn Michael Austin

“While African languages may have predominated on the Jesuits’ haciendas and ranches, Africans throughout the rest of Paraguay quickly adopted the Guaraní language. Many blacks who appeared in litigation proceedings could only speak the Guaraní language. […] While the population of Africans in Paraguay was modest compared to other regions, it was substantial, especially in Asunción. Further research will surely reveal the myriad manifestations of African cultural influence on Paraguayan colonial and postcolonial society.”

The topic of African influence in Paraguay is an especially difficult one to confront, since the devastating legacies of slavery and racism underscore every conversation. Long regarded as isolated populations within the city of Emboscada (meaning “ambush,” so named for frequent skirmishes between native Guaicurú and Carios tribes) and villages like Kamba Cuá (outside Asunción) and Kamba Kokué (outside Paraguarí), Afro-Paraguayans deserve more recognition, attention, and respect than has been traditionally accorded for their contributions to the country’s history and culture. Historian Austin’s close look at colonial relations between and among native peoples, enslaved Africans, and colonizing Spaniards also problematizes preconceived notions of kinship relations and their impacts on the colonial apparatuses of early Paraguay.

Forgotten Fatherland: The True Story of Nietzsche’s Sister and Her Lost Aryan Colony by Ben MacIntyre

“Elizabeth Nietzsche was not just bigoted, ambitious and bloody-minded (although she was all of these things and more), she was also a woman of extraordinary courage, character and (she would have been gratifyingly annoyed by the word) chutzpah. Through sheer willpower she founded one New Germany in the middle of Paraguay and then helped to found another, half a century later, in the shape of the Third Reich. She was awful, in both senses of the word.”

MacIntyre’s riveting, unsettling account of the founding of Nueva Germania follows Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche (sister of the [in]famous philosopher Friedrich) and her husband, the anti-semite teacher Bernhard Förster, as they establish, and quickly abandon, the colony in 1888. Convinced of their naturally superior Aryan blood, the Germans arrived unprepared and quickly succumbed to the harsh landscape due to a lack of supplies, deteriorating morale, and brutal disease.

But MacIntryre’s chronicle doesn’t end with Elisabeth’s departure in 1893. Instead, the book details further developments among the languishing colonists, including the circulation of Nazi propaganda in the 1930s, the eventual arrival of Nazi war criminals (including Joseph Mengele) in the 1940s and ‘50s, and the threadbare legacy of lingering descendants until the date of publication (1992). Bolstered by photographs spanning the 1880s to the 1990s, comprehensive notes, and copious suggestions for further reading, this entry narrates a crucially important, if often forgotten, element of Paraguay’s complicated history.

Paraguayan Sea by Wilson Bueno, translated by Erín Moure

“And now I’d like to tell you just one big hairy secret: all my energy goes into pulling myself up by the bootstraps and into the immense armies of ants, all those sounds silencieux murmured by ants, the harmless insectes that are Guaraní as it rises in me, ant-like, tahiĩ, tahiĩguaicurú, araririi, aracutí, pucú. Ants of divinity blazing up in this dusk of verbs and nouns, in my tangle-web webtangle—capable in me, blessed lady, of deciding, with sudden verdict, my fate here among all you antediluvian beings.”

“Brilliant” is too understated an adjective to describe Brazilian writer Bueno’s audacious, shape-shifting celebration of fluidity in many forms. Called a “poetic seduction,” a “polylingual monologue,” and a “homage to life, to being embodied, to border crossing,” Paraguayan Sea can best be described as a book-length prose poem, composed in Portunhol (a combination of Portuguese and Spanish) and Guaraní that explodes conventions of language, gender, and narrative.

So far as Mar Paraguayo concerns a plot: its narrator has loved an older man and a younger man, alternating masculine and feminine pronouns, as they navigate a Brazilian beach town. The loose narrative structure drapes itself over Bueno’s dazzling lexical range and dynamic lyrical phrasings, as the text sings its otherness electric. 

Erín Moure’s dextrous, freewheeling translation retains the wonderfully discombobulating shifts in language and outbursts of Guaraní, even as it constructs a totally new text in “Frenglish” (English punctured by French). The slim volume also includes an “elucidictionary” of Guaraní terms, a “mixelated Portunholçaisupí postface” by Chilean poet and essayist Andrés Ajens, an etymological incantation by contemporary Paraguayan poet Christian Kent, a revealing interview with Wilison Bueno, and a fascinating essay by Moure herself.

Absolutely read this book. It won’t teach you much about Paraguay, per se. But perhaps, through its acrobatic dance of language and culture-bending, it might.

Zama by Antonio di Benedetto

“A dead monkey, still whole, still undecomposed, drifted back and forth with a certain precision upon those ripples and eddies without exit. All his life the water at forest’s edge had beckoned him to a journey, a journey he did not take until he was no longer a monkey but only a monkey’s corpse. The water that bore him up tried to bear him away, but he was caught among the posts of the decrepit wharf and there he was, ready to go and not going. And there we were.

There we were: Ready to go and not going.”

Published in 1956, Argentine writer Di Benedetto’s rediscovered classic unfolds in three installments during the 1790s, a strange era in Paraguay: the native Guaraní had warred with neighboring Inca for centuries; by 1556, Spanish conquistadors had enslaved native peoples via the encomienda system; enterprising Jesuits hungry for souls had arrived in the 1580s and established a network of missions called reducciones, but were rebuked and expelled by the Spanish Crown by 1767; with national independence yet another decade away. Such incursions, upheavals, and abandonments are emblematic of Paraguay’s tumultuous history.

Di Benedetto’s stirring, discomfiting story centers around Don Diego de Zama, a high-ranking official of Spain, relegated to a remote outpost in Asunción, the capital city of frontier Paraguay. As Zama’s backwater tenure drags on, his hopes for reassignment in desirable Buenos Aires diminish and his dwindling visions of eventual escape are subsumed by desperate resignation as the last decade of the 18th century concludes.

As translator Lane points out in her preface, the novel was translated into several languages and earned the author acclaim across the globe. But for all his recognition later in life, Di Benedetto’s name doesn’t appear once in 1,664 pages of Jorge Luis Borges’ correspondence, signaling an absence of serious consideration by renowned Argentine writers of the time. And yet, no less a talent than Roberto Bolaño appears to have modeled the title character in his short story “Sensini” after Di Benedetto’s Zama, cementing the latter author’s place as an influential figure in Latin American letters.

One of the first in a long line of Argentine writers who use Paraguay for their own ends, Di Benedetto didn’t actually visit Asunción until many years after the novel’s publication, complicating this book’s place in a pantheon of literature that purports to teach readers about a country the author inhabits only by proximity. Nevertheless, Di Benedetto’s sparse depictions and acute sense of frustration faithfully conjure a unique historical moment.

12 Brilliant Short Stories by Black Writers to Read For Free Online

From one girl’s aspiration to Olympic gymnastics glory, to a boy’s stint living in the Idaho wilderness in hopes of fixing his unruly behavior, something that remains a guiding principle in Black storytelling is the breadth of our lives. These stories, a collection of some of EL’s most-loved fiction by Black writers, all published in our weekly fiction vertical Recommended Reading, affirm something we know to be true: that Black people are everywhere. The landscape of our lives is vast, ever-evolving, and no matter where we go and who we are, we always leave a mark.

Below are 12 brilliant short stories by Black writers to read year-round, one for each month of the year.—Denne Michele Norris

“A New World” by Kristen Gentry, recommended by Deesha Philyaw

In Kristen Gentry’s “A New World,” from her collection Mama Said, Parker is balancing caring for many women in his life: his ex-wife Claudia, who is recovering from addiction, his 16-year-old niece Zaria, who is giving birth to her first child, and his 15-year-old daughter JayLynn, who has recently started having sex with her boyfriend. While Parker attempts to “make things work” and protect JayLynn from the same fate as Zaria, JayLynn is desperately trying to save her own mother. Most of all, Parker doesn’t want to fail them in their moment of need: “He could live with the discomfort of knowing he’s still the same coward, but he knows he’s worse than that.”

“Live Today Always” by Jade Jones, recommended by Halimah Marcus

“Live Today Always” by Jade Jones begins with a work emergency: “The wellness influencer has said the n-word again, but this time there’s evidence.” The narrator, Lee, is a remote copywriter for a public relations firm. During the pandemic, she’s the only Black person in an endless stream of Zoom meetings. Tianah, Lee’s girlfriend, urges Lee to quit because of the toxic, exploitative nature of this specific workplace, but there’s something holding her back. When Lee is the one tasked with writing the influencer’s apology, she confronts a decision on whether ethical compromise is worth it to make a living, or if there’s something greater at risk. 

“The First Virginity of Gigi Kaisara” by Gothataone Moeng, recommended by Yoon Choi

“The First Virginity of Gigi Kaisara” by Gothataone Moeng’s collection Call and Response is about fifteen-year-old Sadi, a girl coming of age in a private boarding school in Serowe, Botswana who sees womanhood as an exciting experiment. Sadi tries on gold hoops, wooden bangles, and various names that may suit her more, like “Gigi.” Curious about men and romance, she chooses a boy from her class to fall in love with, “knowing that love could confer newness upon her, that it could slough from her her origins, which were unmistakably small and rural.” She and the boy, Tabona, save enough of their allowance for a night’s stay at a budget motel and gardens in Mogoditshane. After a disappointing, underwhelming, and “hysterical” night with Tabona, Gigi reckons with what it means to now “be a woman.” This is a sharp, funny, and stunningly sincere exploration of girlhood and tradition. 

“The Cape” by Dionne Irving, recommended by CJ Hauser

Dionne Irving’s “The Cape,” from her collection The Islands, is about a married couple in limbo. Mina and Neel try to escape their problems by hiding out in a summer house on Cape Cod. Except, it’s winter, Neel is in recovery after a tragic accident involving fireworks on the Fourth of July, and the problems seem to be clearer than ever. “He always told her that he loved the sound of her voice and she had loved his. But now words sounded unfamiliar, as if each of their voices had gone up an octave, the house filled with helium instead of oxygen.” Things have changed, and Mina has a decision to make, one which will irrevocably twist both of their fates, and distort the person she thought she was as much as the person she still hopes to become. 

“Tumble” by Sidik Fofana, recommended by Deesha Philyaw

Sidik Fofana’s “Tumble,” from the debut collection Stories from the Tenants Downstairs, follows Neisha Miles, an apartment building liaison tasked to assist a large list of tenants facing eviction. On that list is her childhood friend Kya, who she hasn’t seen in over two years. A former gymnast, Neisha spent her youth honing her skill—striving to become an Olympian. After an abrupt falling out, tensions rise between the two girls when Neisha learns she’s invited to compete at Nationals. Kya and her friends assault Neisha, injuring her with a muscle contusion and fractured wrist and forcing her to withdraw from the competition. Years later, Neisha struggles to let go of her resentment and questions whether she will allow this grudge to keep “consuming her life,” or if she will help an old friend about to lose everything. 

“Flip Lady” by Ladee Hubbard, recommended by Alice Randall

“Flip Lady,” from The Last Suspicious Holdout by Ladee Hubbard, is an amalgamation of multiple distinct narratives within one southern suburban neighborhood. The Flip Lady gives homemade popsicles—frozen Kool-aid in Dixie cups—to the school kids nearby, but she feels disconnected from the neighborhood and that her watchful eye and generosity is no longer needed. Raymond, her nineteen-year-old son, sees the flips as “unnatural distractions from grief” after his brother Sam’s funeral, though his friend Tony wonders if Raymond is distracting from his own life by living back home. At the same time, a young girl is humiliated after dropping her popsicle. Her classmates ridicule her and dent her new bike, so she seeks comfort in the Flip Lady’s house, only to meet Raymond, who buckles under his need to fix everything. Each perspective shifts seamlessly into the next, creating a richer, complex thread about one hot summer day. 

“Filthy Animals” by Brandon Taylor, recommended by Calvert Morgan

The title story from former Recommended Reading editor-at-large Brandon Taylor’s short story collection Filthy Animals follows Milton, a teenage boy who is about to be sent away to the Idaho wilderness in a last-ditch attempt by his parents to fix his unruly behavior. On his birthday, he meets his friends Nolan, Abe and Tate on Glad Hill, where he is quickly drawn into a complicated tangle of intimacy and violence. Taylor’s searing prose depicts the unflinching nature of boyhood cruelty and violence: “If there was any merciful part of his childhood, it was that, the cleanness of it, how the act didn’t taint them, how the violence seemed to leave no trace at all.”

“Anything Could Disappear” by Danielle Evans, recommended by Kelly Link

Vera is twenty-one years old and on her way to New York. After dropping out of school and working at a record store in Chicago, she’s ready for change. But she gets a little more than she bargained for when a woman on the Greyhound bus leaves her two-year-old son with Vera, then disappears. Over the next few days, Vera grows fond of the boy and begins taking care of him in Brooklyn while working at a shady delivery company that’s not entirely legal. “She liked the pattern of her life now, the domestic monotony tempered with the rush of feeling always close to the edge of something, the sensation of having the thing she loved and valuing it all the more because she knew it could all go wrong at any minute.” In the end, Vera has some choices to make, and in this story from the collection The Office of Historical Corrections, Danielle Evans masterfully balances the tightrope of how to be a good human being, how to carry loss, how to measure the weight of absence, and finally how to let it go.

“When Eddie Levert Comes” by Deesha Philyaw, recommended by Rion Amilcar Scott

In “When Eddie Levert Comes” from The Secret Lives of Church Ladies, a woman known only as Daughter cares for her mother who suffers from dementia. Mama insists every day that the soul singer Eddie Levert, whom she idolizes, will be arriving to take her out, a fantasy Daughter indulges even though it reminds her of her mother’s neglect. Daughter’s entire identity has been subsumed into taking care of her mother since her childhood, while Mama prioritized her relationships with men, her sons, and religion over Daughter. This is a moving, tender portrait of a deeply complex mother-daughter relationship.

“Lot” by Bryan Washington, recommended by Aja Gabel

Bryan Washington’s tender story collection Lot paints a vibrant multicultural portrait of Houston, Texas in its all complexities. It’s a side of Houston that we so rarely see in popular culture: the city of working-class restaurant workers hustling to make rent, the city where queer people of color come of age, the city of drug dealers rebranding themselves as “equal opportunity pharmacists.” In this excerpt, the title story of Lot, a young man narrates his memories about his brother in the army as he struggles to keep the family restaurant afloat in the East End amidst rapid gentrification.

“The Mine” by Nathan Harris, recommended by Halimah Marcus

“The Mine” centers on Nicholas, the first African captain of Tibor Holdings gold mine in South Africa. His father was a surveyor of the mine until Nicholas’s brother died under rock-fall. Overcome with grief, his father never stepped into the mine again and reproached Nicholas for refusing to quit his job. But another boy has died in the mine while foreign investors for Tibor Holdings are visiting. Nicholas struggles to convince the other miners, who fear the monstrous Grootslang lurking in the crypt, to retrieve the body. Harris’s visceral prose is a sharp examination of the harshness of working in the gold mines and the relentless presence of guilt in grief.

“These Golden Cities” by K. David Wade, recommended by Halimah Marcus

“These Golden Cities” follows a college freshman home for spring break and struggling to find his place between his college life at NYU and old friends in his hometown of Washington, Pennsylvania. Michael envisions new avenues of opportunity opening up for him in New York and abroad in Florence, but also feels compulsively drawn back to familiar faces from high school. Over the course of one chaotic night tripping on acid, Michael attempts to meet up with his ex-girlfriend Grace, deciding that “Tonight… she’d either forgive or condemn me for good.”

We Deserve Applause for Normal Things

One of Many Possible Configurations

Born, 1968. Misunderstood everything, ‘72 to ‘86. Started pulling it together after that. Eventually I became the first in my family to lie in a field of clover and speak earnestly to cows. Then I fell in love and got married. When she asks if it’s cold outside, my wife doesn’t want to know the temperature; she’s asking how she’ll feel when she leaves the house. I try to earn her trust by thinking about her bare arms, her face. Now we’re on the couch watching episodes of “Cheers” out of order. Coach dies and then comes back. Then he’s gone again. I told my therapist I’m always bracing myself and she said she has a conflict next Saturday morning. We stare at our calendars. The next holiday is Flag Day. The next birthday is today but not for anyone I know. My next meeting is with the Assistant Director of Tomorrow. He has a message for me from the Director of Tomorrow. Before I can read it they both resign so I leave work a little early. Our daughter asks if the money in my pocket belongs to George Washington. Not anymore, I say. Years later we find the dollar tucked inside a small velvet bag which is inside a red purse which is inside a glittery backpack. Where does it end, I wonder? I mean our ability to shrink some things and enlarge other things. The gods never saw that coming. They thought we’d eat, and have sex, and sleep, then pass the time staring out at large bodies of water. I guess the answer is it never ends. I mean how much we love the ocean, always clapping when whales do something normal like breach the tension and take a breath.

Rules for When the Coin Toss Ends in a Tie

All players must immediately call their wives and beg forgiveness. The top scorers have to donate their statistics to the less fortunate. Team captains kiss each other on the cheek and say one thing they admire about the other. It can’t be about their physical strength or muscle tone. Something real. Fathers have to imagine who they’d be if they had better fathers. All the old-time greats are allowed to climb out of their graves. They get to drink a beer and eat a hot dog. Then they have to go back. Every fan gets a time-out to take home. Some use it when the world is too much, others when the world is exactly right. The roar of the crowd is bottled and saved for later, a day when we might really need it.

The Strange Lights in the Sky Are Not For Us

I can’t sleep so I watch the news. First they animate the weather. They play it forward, then reverse it, then play it forward again. Next, they interview an Air Force Brigadier General who waves away evidence of UFOs. We’re all alone here so get used to it, he says. But when pressed he gives a little wink. Then he flies away. I write a poem about what I’ve seen. I put the poem under the bed so it can be alone. The weather outside looks fine one minute and the next it’s made up its mind to darken our day. That’s normal, I say to myself. Tomorrow it will darken the day of those who live to the east of us. I call someone who lives to the east of us and tell them about the UFOs. The weather slips my mind. On the walls of the Air Force recruitment office are posters of jets. In the jets are people who have broken free from gravity so they can be alone. I wonder how the poem is doing. I look under the bed. The poem is gone. Then I find it under something else. I change the title. I call it The Brigadier General’s Big Adventure. I turn off the TV and get into bed. The poem is asleep. I can hear its steady breathing. My wife stirs a little so I tell her everything. The weather will be fine tomorrow, she whispers. Yes, I say, and the strange lights in the sky are not for us.

7 Books That Celebrate the Healing Magic of Birds

A California Towhee bounced across the deck, its brown feathers tufted like a baby chick’s, proud and naive-looking all at once. I sat very still, fingers poised on my keyboard, silently watching, not wanting to spook it away. I knew its name—towhee—because I had recently become obsessed with birds, despite growing up in New York City and not knowing much beyond the neighborhood street pigeon. Over a year into the pandemic, my partner and I were isolated from friends, perched in our apartment in the Berkeley Hills, with only our dog and the trees and the birds for company. I latched onto the latter with an uncommon fervor.

I set up a bird feeder on our deck and each day, I waited for them to come. As I worked, a brown finch (or was it a sparrow? I was still new to this game) landed its small claws on the edge of the feeder, pecking at the seed inside. Suddenly, a scurry of feathers: a larger Scrub jay swooped in, the neighborhood bully, scaring its smaller competitor off, eating messily, tossing birdfeed to the floor. Meanwhile, hawks soared menacingly, elegantly above, red tail gleaming in the sun. I was mesmerized.

The birds calmed me when the world was in turmoil, my day job as a reporter keeping my mind hovering in grief over the pandemic, nearby wildfires, racial justice protests cracked down upon by violent cops. The birds slowed me down. And as I worked on my debut novel, they snuck their way into my book. In A Fire So Wild, a wildfire approaches Berkeley and three families are forced to reckon with the cracks in the lives they’ve built and the injustices teeming under the city’s surface. Two of the main characters—fed by my obsession—became amateur birdwatchers, high school students passionate about the climate, seeking out an elusive Spotted owl, mourning baby birds frantically leaping from their nests to escape the suffocating smoke. On the page, my bird friends became literal canaries in the coal mine of our world on fire.

In the seven incredible books that follow, the authors find similar refuge in the company of birds, be they clever crows who visit them daily to play, or kingfishers with regal blue crowns to whom their human observers mean nothing at all. In the birds’ elegant flight, readers can find a soaring hope for the future, and in their tweets, an urgent reminder to be present in this very moment.

Migrations by Charlotte McConaghy

In this harrowing novel, Franny Stone is haunted by her dark past and risks her life to board a fishing boat with a crew of misfits, guiding them across treacherous oceans, on a mission to track some of the last Arctic terns on the planet, threatened with extinction due to the climate crisis. As the mystery of her past comes to the fore, Franny’s hunger for finding the birds seems to map onto a deeper quest to discover life’s meaning and a chance at making sense of her pain.

The Hurting Kind by Ada Limón

In this transporting poetry collection, U.S. poet laureate Ada Limón explores the deep connection between humans and the nature that surrounds us, which can heal ancestral wounds. In her poems, belted kingfishers, fledgling robins and more flit across lines of verse, holding in their claws both the beauty of this world, as well as its deep suffering.

How to Do Nothing by Jenny Odell

In this smart nonfiction book, Odell shows us how today’s apps and technologies are designed to draw our attention—to the detriment of our presence in our own lives, and fueling our complicity in the exploitative, capitalist economy. Her remedy to this, in part, consists of paying more attention to what surrounds us, including, for her, the nature and birds in her native Bay Area. She befriends crows in her Oakland neighborhood, who recognize human faces and make near-daily visits to see her, among other delights.

H is for Hawk by Helen Macdonald

In this moving nature memoir, Macdonald recounts the trials of training a wild goshawk to hunt in the wake of her father’s death. As we accompany the author through her grief, we see her find her own wings as the seemingly untameable bird learns from her, and teaches her in turn.

Bird By Bird by Anne Lamott

In this classic in the writing advice genre, Lamott guides creatives in how to get out of their own way and get words onto the page. The titular example she points to for those stuck in a rut is that of her older brother, back when they were kids, who had to write a report on birds and felt overwhelmed by the gargantuan assignment. Her father advised him: “Just take it bird by bird.”

Featherhood by Charlie Gilmour

In this memoir, Gilmour carves dual narratives of his raising a mischievous magpie, all the while coping with his largely absent father dying. At the same time, Gilmour is deciding with his partner whether they should become parents, and his relationship with the bird creates an opening for him to confront the pain of his father’s estrangement and his own desire to father.

Inciting Joy by Ross Gay

In this transcendent series of essays, Gay delves into the corners of ordinary life, from basketball to gardening, finding joy and grief—and most of all, community and radical solidarity—in our everyday. At one point, Gay imagines his late father watching kids play ball when two cardinals interrupt with their birdsong from a nearby fence: “They wanna watch, too, I guess,” he imagines his father saying, giggling. In another instance, Gay describes a group of people who are exchanging their woes as “a flock of folks with their sorrows, a coven.”

20 Novels In Translation You Need to Read this Winter and Spring

Translated literature is no longer the forgotten, othered cousin of the Anglo-American literary scene. At Electric Literature, we have long been enamored by international frontiers, the global writers who write in their native (or acquired) tongues, and the translators who coax each word into English. 

This year’s crop of forthcoming translations is bountiful. To cease endless (and pleasurable) reading and consideration, we narrowed our list to 20 and limited it to titles coming between January and April. In this list, Spanish, Swedish, Ukrainian and other languages feature. 

The novels relate stories that cross time and place, from a reimagining of the conquest of Mexico, the friendships and connections between immigrant women in different European countries, and two Ukrainians separated by time but united in their hypochondria, to an Italian Instagram influencer getting influenced, a very odd uncle in France, a transwoman growing up in 1980s Madrid, rarely-old histories of Suriname, and many more fictional worlds. 

You Dreamed of Empires by Álvaro Enrigue, translated by Natasha Wimmer (Jan. 9)

On the eve of the conquest of Mexico, Sudden Death author Álvaro Enrique trusts us into Hernán Cortés’ entourage, and the character of Jazmín Caldera, a captain who struggles with doubt as the expedition arrives in Tenochtitlan. As he takes in the insides and intricacies of Moctezuma’s palace, Caldera wonders if they will even remain alive. And the author wonders: What if the conquest didn’t succeed? This question follows the novel, translated by Natasha Wimmer, radiantly and with great pace as the expedition gets mired in court intrigues and customs. A wonderful reimagining of the defining episode of Mexico’s existence and a delightful evocation of the capital as it might have been then. Enrigue’s note to Wimmer about Nahuatl words is intriguing and charming; and a reminder of how many languages—and translators—were involved in the moment of conquest. 

Ǣdnan: An Epic by Linnea Axelsson, translated by Saskia Vogel (Jan. 9) 

Ǣdnan, Linnea Axelsson’s astonishing century-spanning debut translated by Saskia Vogel, opens in 1913 as the Sámi face the destructive, assimilating forces of Scandinavization. Ristin loses one of her sons tragically, as a border is drawn up between Sweden and Finland. The family is soon subjected to the humiliations of racist medical research, and forced to abandon their nomadic life. Three decades later, Ristin’s apartment is inhabited by Lise, who was forced into a residential school in the 1950s. In the 2010s, her daughter “Sandra who has/gone and married a reindeer keeper now” is teaching herself and her family to speak Sámi, and fighting for land rights in the Girjas trial. Truly an epic, the novel offers multitudes on Sámi history, culture, and resistance, in its slim verses. Most devastating of them, however, are the multiple characters’ meditations on their lost language, perhaps since the novel itself was written in Swedish by Axelsson, who is of Sami-Swedish descent. Ristin’s husband Ber-Joná notes:

“The ruling language 

Drizzled over us 

Swedish words

Impossible to pronounce

They penetrated our clothes

Coated our skin” 

The Singularity by Balsam Karam, translated by Saskia Vogel (Jan. 17)

The Singularity is Swedish-Kurdish writer Balsam Karam’s first work in English via Saskia Vogel’s translation. The gauzy, poetic novel features two mothers in an unnamed coastal town. The first, a refugee mother is searching for The Missing One, her daughter who disappears while working in the town’s touristy corniche. When she gives up, she decides to throw herself into the sea, leaving behind her remaining children and her own mother. Her suicide is witnessed by a second pregnant mother (in the second person “you” in Karam’s lyrical text), who is on a business trip in the town. When she returns home, she finds that her baby in utero has no heartbeat but refuses induction. Karam then moves into prose-poetry and fragments about the second mother’s own childhood in a war-torn country and her family’s experiences of racism in Sweden. Inventive and devastating.

Forgottenness by Tanja Maljartschuk, translated by Zenia Tompkins (Jan. 23)

In Tanja Maljartschuk’s Forgottenness, two characters are separated by about a century: a young writer who struggles with OCD and agoraphobia, and a real-life Polish-born Ukrainian patriot, Viacheslav Lypynski. They are connected by hypochondria. The novel weaves between the narrator, her multiple health afflictions, and her family’s history, and her imagination of Viacheslav’s existence through the end of the First World War. Despite its heavy shadows, Forgottenness is often hilarious in its wryness in the bumbling and utterly absorbing Viacheslav’s attempts at living and fighting for the Ukrainian state. His courtship of his petulant Polish wife who does not agree with his patriotism, for example, offers many moments of humor. And as Viacheslav’s mother notes: “Fools also evoke pride, sometimes even more so.” 

Confrontations by Simone Atangana Bekono, translated by Suzanne Heukensfeldt Jansen (Jan. 30)

In her debut novel, Dutch poet Simone Atangana Bekono introduces Salomé, a sixteen-year-old of Dutch and Cameroonian parentage, in two raw, jarring stories set apart in time. In the first, Salomé remembers her classmates throwing coins at a Black man at the asylum seekers center across from the school. They taunted him to pick up the coins. Her eyes met the man’s. She hoped he would not pick them up. He doesn’t. In the next scene, we see Salomé entering a prison, where she refuses attempts at therapy and shows no remorse for the violent crime she’s committed. The revelation of what her crime is held back by Bekono while she has the very bookish Salomé considering Camus’ The Stranger and Greek mythology, and imagining what the “other Salomé” is doing (“…sets up a punk band in Paris. She doesn’t do memories. She dwells in light.”) In flashback, there is a childhood trip to Cameroon, the intriguing Aunt Céleste who tells Salomé that she’s special, her father’s firing and illness, and the racism of her village in the Netherlands. Propulsive tautness till the end. 

The Other Profile by Irene Graziosi, translated by Lucy Rand (Feb. 6) 

In Irene Graziosi’s The Other Profile translated from Italian by Lucy Rand, Maia, a disenchanted 26-year-old waitress in a failing relationship, lands a role as an image consultant to 18-year-old influencer Gloria. Graziosi, a journalist and an Italian YouTube personality, takes into the fluffy highs and dark underbellies of social media influencing via Maia, who hadn’t used an emoji prior to meeting Gloria. A brand meeting with influencers that fetishes “diversity” is lampooned to perfection. From Maia’s initial disdain for Gloria, the novel tracks their relationship against the exploitative wilderness of the algorithm and builds to a culmination of multiple reckless, explosive episodes. A racy Gen. Z take on female friendships bearing the influences of My Brilliant Friend.

Antiquity by Hanna Johansson, translated by Kira Josefsson (Feb. 6) 

Translated from Swedish by Kira Josefsson, Hanna Johansson’s debut novel Antiquity follows an unnamed 30-something woman, an isolated character who “started getting used to the disappointment of being left behind, left out” who joins artist Helena and her daughter Olga on vacation in Greece. Johansson distills the threesome’s shadowy dynamics in raw vignettes. At first, the narrator, beholden to Helena, is jealous of Olga: “Olga, a name for the child of an artist. A name for a princess, a violent saint. A name for a little cunt.” Soon, the narrator’s obsession with Helena, an artist she had met when she conducted an interview, transfers to Olga. Obsessively observant and cuttingly internal, the narrator’s meditations on loneliness are crisp, mini poems: “The days came with a new sort of loneliness, the loneliness of being with others, the loneliness of being the other: across from Olga at the table, the coffee, the flies.”

Sisters in Arms by Shida Bazyar, translated by Ruth Martin (Feb. 6) 

Shida Bazyar’s first novel to be translated from German by Ruth Martin centers on the friendship of three immigrant women, Hani, Kasih, and Saya, now in their 20s but friends since childhood. From its explosive beginning of a news report about Saya assaulting a man while shouting “Allahu Akbar” and being accused of arson, the novel charts the women’s friendship and experiences with racism on their public housing estate from the perspective of Kasih. A provocative and disconcerting portrait of what it means to be an immigrant of color in Germany. 

A Woman Of Pleasure by Kiyoko Murata, translated by Juliet Winters Carpenter (Feb. 27)

Set in 1903, A Woman of Pleasure begins with the sale of fifteen-year-old Ichi to an exclusive brothel, follows her education under the mentorship of the top courtesan or oiran, Shinonome, and ultimately to a strike by the courtesans. Using the frame of incidents from Meiji-era Japan, Murata takes us into brothel life (accounting, calligraphy lessons, bikini depilation using tweezers) via multiple character’s perspectives, including the brother’s owner who rates Ichi as the highest in his hierachy of workers, “exceptional.” The novel especially enchants with its nods to writing (via writing teacher, Tetsuko’s instruction) and Ichi’s journal pages: 

May 18 Aoi Ichi

The owner talked to me. 

Hes wrong. 

I wont die in my bed

III die on the waves. 

The Villain’s Dance by Fiston Mwanza Mujila, translated by Roland Glasser (Feb. 20)

Congolese writer of Tram 83, longlisted for the International Booker in 2016, Fiston Mwanza Mujila returns to English readers with this translation by Roland Glasser of late 1990s in Zaire and Angola. In the last days of Mobutu’s reign Sanza wanders the streets of Lubumbashi with a group of street kids until the character of Monsieur Guiliaume enters with an escape. Across the border in Angola, a civil war rages and Molakisi seeks his fortune in a hunt for diamonds, while an Austrian writer Franz in search of material, chronicles the stories of the seer Tshiamuena, “Madonna of the Cafunfo Mines.” A novel that pulses with music (and dance of the title) and wit. 

About Uncle by Rebecca Gisler, translated by Jordan Stump (Feb. 24)    

Rebecca Gisler’s debut About Uncle begins with a paragraph-long sentence “One night I woke up convinced that Uncle had escaped through the hole in the toilet, and when I opened the door I found that Uncle had indeed escaped through the hole in the toilet…” We soon learn that Uncle, a veteran, is prone to curious habits like disappearing down the plumbing, in addition to fighting moles and peeing into bottles. The unnamed narrator and her brother, have moved in with Uncle in an isolated town, and then the pandemic hits, drawing them further to each other. While the novel is short at just over 160 pages, Gisler is a maximalist with her wild, thrilling sentences. In her description of Uncle’s oceanfront house, Gisler writers: “Even with the ocean so close, Uncle never goes swimming, he tells us the locals never swim, swimming’s only for tourists, and anyway the water’s full of liquid manure these days, full of pig dung and blue-green algae, none of which seems to bother the people who still swim in it, the tourists in question, who still fish in the mudflats where there used to be beautiful red crabs and spider crabs and where there are now only anonymous little crustaceans, translucent, as if worn down by the oily backwash, weary from picking their way through the wads of peat.”

Thirst by Marina Yuszczuk, translated by Heather Cleary (March 5)

In Thirst, the U.S. debut of one of Argentina’s leading contemporary lit figures, Marina Yuszczuk, we are introduced to two women spared by centuries in Buenos Aires. The first unnamed character, a vampire who escapes Europe arrives in the Argentine capital, and has to navigate her desire for blood, human connection, and discretion. In the contemporary moment, the second character lives in the city and grapples with her ailing mother. When the two meet in a cemetery, the novel takes a truly irrepressible turn. Desire, female agency, and love get examined under a gothic lens. Winner of the prestigious Sara Gallardo prize for women writers in its original language, the novel rendered into English by Heather Cleary should be your 2024 vampire novel pick.

Change by Édouard Louis, translated by John Lambert (March 5)

Édouard Louis’s Change is obsessed with escape, a repeated theme of the French literary sensation’s autobiographical novels (The End of Eddy). In Change, translated by John Lambert, he moves from his provincial working-class background to school in Amiens and then university in Paris, and leaving “Eddy” behind for a classier name, and a new life as someone else. Brutal and beautiful throughout with photographs that illustrate the narrator’s wretched origins and transformation. An example of the narrator reflecting on his younger self: “I don’t know how it’s possible to have such precise and somehow also adult and anachronistic thoughts as a child, but I remember that I wanted to leave the village and become rich, powerful and famous because I thought the power I’d gain through wealth and fame would be my revenge against you and the world that had rejected me. I’d be able to look at you and everyone else I’d known in the first part of my life, and say Look where I am now. You insulted me but today I’m more powerful than you, you were wrong to despise me and call me weak and now you’re going to pay for your mistakes. You’re going to pay for not loving me. I wanted to succeed out of revenge.” 

Reinbou by Pedro Cabiya, translated by Jessica Powell (March 12)

“My story begins with a gringo. Yes, with a gringo. That’s as glamorous as it’s going to get.” With that fiery start, the Puerto Rico-born Pedro Cabiya begins his sweeping historical novel of the Dominican Republic’s civil war, known as the April Revolution, and the U.S. invasion of the country. Translated from the Spanish by Jessica Powell, the novel has the ten-year-old Ángel searching for the truth behind his father’s murder, and moves between 1965 and 1976, featuring a cast of unforgettable characters, rendered in energetic prose. Reinbou, part of the country’s contemporary literary canon, was made into a 2017 film. Essential for an intimate understanding of the history of the DR and the US intervention. 

The Understory by Saneh Sangsuk, translated by Mui Poopoksakul (March 13)

Utterly lush from its delightful epilogue from the Buddhist text Rasavahini, “Literature has nine flavors: Sringaram the taste of which is love…” The Understory follows Luang Paw Tien, a ninety-three-year-old monk who has transgressive (for his vocation) literary ambitions and spends his time regaling the village children with stories of his wanderings in India and Burma and of life in their paddy farming village when it was still a jungle. With elegant observations and gorgeous winding sentences, Sangsuk, one of contemporary Thai literature’s stars, delivers a gorgeous portrait of nature and change via Mui Poopoksakul’s translation.

​​Off-White by Astrid Roemer, translated by David McKay and Lucy Scott (April 9)

Recently minted as a 2022 National Book Award finalist for On a Woman’s Madness, Astrid Roemer returns to English readers with this novel of family, race, diaspora and Suriname in the late 1960s  translated by David McKay and Lucy Scott. At its heart is the Vanta family and aging matriarch who reflects back on her life. The family’s narratives are laced with the themes of conservative sexual mores, male violence, Dutch colonialism, and ideas of whiteness. A portrait of a family in Suriname and the Netherlands from the prolific author who took a two decade break from publishing before this novel. 

Tenderloin by Joy Sorman, translated by Lara Vergnaud (April 16)

Pim, the protagonist of Tenderloin by Joy Sorman, translated from the French by Lara Vergnaud, cries a lot in an involuntary fashion. He is also apprenticing as a butcher. In documentary-style present tense, Sorman takes us sensually into the sights (viscera and guts) and sounds (pigs squealing) and smells (earthy and stomach-turning) of Pim’s world, and into all that goes into bringing meat to our dinner plates. Trying to master butchery, Pim soon unravels himself. Surreal and oddly entertaining in its macabre details, Tenderloin will certainly provoke thoughts on the ethics of meat, even for the most committed carnivores. 

Bad Habit by Alana S. Portero, translated by Mara Faye Lethem (April 23)

In Bad Habit, a trans woman comes of age in Madrid in the 1980s and 1990s amid the city’s heroin crisis, political rallies, and its nightlife. This first novel from Spanish writer, activist, and medieval historian tracks the protagonist’s journey of self, alongside a resplendent cast of characters such as Jay, her first love, and the Caramel, who, Portero writes, could be “feisty when she wanted to, a vengeful saint capable of conjuring ghosts who brought humiliation and the evil eye to the very tip of her tongue. That wasn’t incompatible with having the biggest heart in the world. With that surly gaze of hers, somewhat similar at times to María the Wig’s, she could detect tormented souls, sadness, melancholy like a divining rod for loneliness.” Vibrant in its joys, rawness, and violence of trans lives, Portero has a fan in Pedro Almodóvar, who says you should read it ASAP. 

Butter: Novel of Food and Murder by Asako Yuzuki, translated by Polly Barton (April 24)

During the 2011 butter shortage in Japan, a journalist Rika Machida is assigned to cover Manako Kajii, a serial killer, who lured in her victims with the promise of high-end cooking classes. At the Detention House where Kajii is being held, Rika tries to get her to talk but has no luck until she asks the woman for a recipe for beef stew recipe sets off a conversation between the two women. Food, patriarchy, and the body feature, as does some engaging prose about food, and in particular, butter. On the taste of a mochi, Yuzuki writes: “The hot butter fused the sugar and soy sauce together, clinging to the sweet, soft, shapeless mass in her mouth, swimming around its outside as though to ascertain its contours. The grease of the butter melded with the grit of the sugar and the pungent soy sauce. By the time she’d finished chewing, the roots of her teeth were trembling pleasurably.” 

Divided Island by Daniela Tarazona, translated by Lizzie Davis and Kevin Gerry Dunn (April 23)

In this elegant novel by Mexico City-born writer Daniela Tarazona, a woman receives a diagnosis of cerebral dysrhythmia, a neurological disorder, which results in her splitting into two different women. One decides to travel to an island to commit suicide, while the other stays behind. Narrated in the second person, the novel’s fragments poetically move towards a shifting portrait of the disorder and how it impacts perception of time and the world. Translated by Lizzie Davis and Kevin Gerry Dunn, the novel, which won the prestigious Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz prize for novels by women in Spanish, is a potentially speed read that you will be turning over in your mind repeatedly and long after the last page. 

7 Novels Inspired by South Asian Mythology and Folklore

South Asian stories are often tales rich in culture and folklore, encapsulating the nuances and intricacies of a long, rich, and complex history. Historical details peppered in with social commentary is often a common thread in many South Asian stories, and this list is no different. We see the impacts of colonialism, social hierarchy, and gender roles sweep through many of these books.

When gods and demons and religious customs still have a place in the everyday life of many South Asians, it’s only natural that it would be a part of our writing as well. 

My novel Island Witch is a gothic retelling of Sri Lanka’s most famous folktale. Set in the 1800s, Amara is the daughter of a demon-priest, an ancient tradition now shunned by the villagers. When men start to disappear in the jungle, it’s up to Amara to search for answers. 

Below are 7 books that draw inspiration from the myths, lore, and history of India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan.

Empire of Sand by Tasha Suri

In a sweeping fantasy with a captivating romantic core, set against a backdrop inspired by Mughal India, Empire of Sand unfolds through the perspective of Mehr, an illegitimate, highborn daughter of a governor in the Ambham Empire. The mother Mehr barely knew was from the Amrithi people—an outcast community descended from desert spirits who possess powers that are both coveted and persecuted throughout the Empire. When the Emperor’s mystics recognise her Amrithi abilities, they force Mehr into a marriage with one of their own, leaving her entangled in a web of deceit and games between men, gods, and demons. 

Kaikeyi by Vaishnavi Patel

In this epic retelling from the perspective of the vilified queen from the Ramayana, Kaikeyi is the story of a princess in a patriarchal society, and her journey from discovering her own special skills, to growing them, and then wielding them to achieve her life’s purpose. A must-read for those who enjoy alternate versions of stories they’ve grown up with, especially those that centre around scorned women. 

The Seven Moons of Maaeli Almeida by Shehan Karunatileke

The story begins with our protagonist—professional war photographer, closeted gay and compulsive gambler, Maali Almeida—waking up in the “in-between,” an after-life where he has seven moons (or seven nights) to complete the task of guiding his friends and family to a box of photographs taken during his assignments. These photographs, according to him, will have the power to bring down governments and stop wars. But first he has to navigate his way through the afterlife, rife with ghosts, ghouls, pretas and demons. Narrated in the second person, The Seven Moons of Maali Almeida mixes magical realism, historical fiction, political satire, and dark humor, taking us through one of the darkest, most violent chapters in Sri Lanka’s history.

The Tiger at Midnight by Swati Teerdhala

Kunal, a dedicated soldier, meets Esha, a girl he assumes has lost her way. He helps her, as any chivalrous soldier would do, but the next morning Kunal wakes to find his uncle, the general, dead in bed. Kunal is tasked with hunting down his uncle’s assassin with the promise of being promoted himself. It doesn’t take long for Kunal to piece together that the girl from the night before was the assassin. In this deadly cat and mouse game, filled with lots of witty banter, and spectacular world building inspired by Indian history and Hindu mythology, you’ll find yourself rooting for both Esha and Kunal alike. 

Loot by Tania James

Set in the 18th century, this captivating historical novel follows Abbas, a gifted young woodcarver. His exceptional talent catches the eye of Tipu Sultan, leading him into service at the palace. Tasked with constructing a giant tiger automaton as a gift for Tipu’s sons returning from British captivity, Abbas’ story is mirrored in the tumultuous events that shape the landscape across war-torn India and Europe. When Abbas discovers that Tipu’s palace has been pillaged by British forces, and the tiger automaton is nowhere to be found, he embarks on a mission to retrieve the stolen tiger from an English countryside estate, where it is showcased among a collection of plundered art.

The Star Touched Queen by Roshani Chokshi

Maya always believed she was cursed, an idea that was solidified when her father, the Raja, arranges a wedding of political convenience to quell outside rebellions. Married off to Amar and now the queen of Akaran, Maya is surprised to find independence, and a voice. But both Amar and Akaran are full of secrets—and despite growing to love her husband, Maya is not sure who she can truly trust. Maya must unravel an ancient mystery that spans many reincarnated lives to save those she loves the most, as well as herself. Based on the Greek mythology of Hades and Persephone, Chokshi beautifully integrates Indian lore and history into this magical tale. 

Night of the Raven, Dawn of the Dove by Rati Mehrotra

Katyani’s primary role in the Chandela kingdom is to serve as an advisor and protector to the crown prince, Ayan. When a series of assassination attempts threatens the royal family, she is sent to the gurukul of Acharya Mahavir, accompanied by the prince and his cousin, for protection and training. Their training is cut short, however, when they are urgently summoned back to Chandela. Tragedy befalls them and Katyani is separated from the only life she has ever known. Alone and betrayed in a land overrun by monsters, she must delve into her past to uncover answers, save her loved ones, and determine her own destiny.