The Music in His Bones Doesn’t Need to be Heard

“Beginnings, Endings, and Other Musical Figures” by Joe Meno

Begin in F♯ minor with a symphony of ghost notes. Why not a concerto that details every known silence? Or the most noiseless overture in all of history? Let the trumpets go mute and the cymbals be still. Let the lull from the concert hall destroy every awkward moment, every long-standing argument, with cannons raging in unheard fury and the closing note being fireworks exploding soundlessly in the sky, so that everything finally goes quiet. What would Mozart have to say to that? 

Orfeo is booming through the house. I am struggling to do a single pull-up before work. My sister, Isobel, calls and says she is not feeling well and then asks if I can drop off my niece at preschool. I slowly catch my breath and tell her I’ll be there soon. 

I put on my red hat and my winter coat, grab my bicycle, and then pedal toward my sister’s apartment on 95th. I lock my bicycle up and climb the stairs to my sister’s apartment. I make sure my niece is wearing her gold gym shoes and I help her on with her coat. I look over at my sister lying on the couch with her ragged blond hair and can see something in her eyes appears to be off. I ask her: “What’s up?”

“I’m just not feeling so good. Feminine problems.” 

“Like in eighth grade when you wrote a love letter to Patrick Swayze?”

“You’re not funny. You’re almost never funny.” 

With my eyes, I ask, What’s really going on? but she doesn’t answer. So I take my niece’s hand, and then, once we’re outside, I help her onto the front of my bike.

I go faster than anyone with a three-year-old on the handlebars should. It feels like we are flying. A car from the 1980s pulls out in front of us and my niece, Jazzy, laughs and screams at exactly the same time and it is one of my favorite sounds ever, a profound, musical experience, always in D minor. 

When I pull up in front of the dreary-looking day care on 95th, she asks when her mother will be feeling better and I look at her and say I don’t know. I help fix her backpack and then I ask: “What are you going to do today, Jazzy?” and she looks at me fiercely and says, “Run it,” and then walks inside. Other kids move out of her way. I ride off and lose the sound of my gears whirring to the noise of oncoming traffic and wonder what my sister’s expression really means. 


Beginning at the age of three, Isobel and I had our own language, first playing music together—my father installing me in front of the piano, while Isobel, at five, was already playing short pieces by Beethoven on the cello. My father would tilt his head toward her, focused on each and every note, the phrasing, how she held the bow. I, on the other hand, was more than happy to exist only as background noise. 

When I was eight, I had the chance to play before the Jugoslavian ambassador—a friend of the family—who promised to get me into an exclusive conservatory on the East Coast. My father was ecstatic but the dignitary never showed. A snowstorm had created an enormous traffic jam downtown. I sat on a stool on the small stage and stared at my family and music teacher, Mr. Genarro, gathered together in the front row. Even my baby brother Daniel was silent in my mom’s arms. 

On that cold evening, with the wind coming in off the lake, you could hear the doors and windows banging—the opposite of applause. Someone had carved their initials EM on the top of the piano. I imagined all the names that started with E. 

As we waited for the next forty-five minutes, I kept my eyes on Isobel, who never looked away. She mouthed knock-knock jokes and folded a bird out of the program my father had gotten printed. What do you call this other than magic or ESP? In the end my father asked me to play, even though the dignitary was not coming. I did as I was told, placing my fingers above the dull white keys, imagining the paper bird swooping above the empty concert hall, as I glanced up at my sister whenever I could. I don’t know if I ever played that way again. 

I’d do anything in the world for this person is what I’m trying to say. 


I go by the no-name convenience store on the way to work. The same hoods are out front with their conventional, southside Irish-American faces. There are four of them, all in drab green uniforms from the nearby cemetery. The cemetery in Evergreen Park is one of the largest in the western world, stretching on for miles and miles. What does it say about a neighborhood, an entire place, that its biggest claim to fame is that it happens to contain one of the most popular locations to leave your dead? As I open the door to the convenience store, one of the thugs knocks the headphones from my ears.

“Fa, your sister talks about how you’re always listening to music. Come on, let’s hear you sing something.” 

I ignore them and go inside, walking over to the freezers. I grab a bottle of Yoo-hoo. When I come out, someone gets me in a headlock and I immediately remember why I hate this place. 


I’m half deaf. I have to tell you. I have partial hearing loss in both ears. It’s asymmetrical, which means it’s worse in my left. I began losing my hearing when I was ten. I first started missing certain words, then certain notes, then entire frequencies by the age of twelve. In the end, the look of empathetic disappointment on my music teacher’s face was the hardest thing to take. No one knew why or how it happened—if it was from some accident, or from some virus, or was possibly genetic, passed down from generation to generation through my family, alongside mythical stories of Poland and Jugoslavia. 

What does it say about a neighborhood, an entire place, that its biggest claim to fame is that it happens to contain one of the most popular locations to leave your dead?

I don’t know any sign language, I’m embarrassed to admit. I don’t like talking about my hearing loss but it makes it easier when other people know. Most of the time I just pretend to understand what everyone is saying. 

I work at a high school, St. Josaphat, where I once was a student. No one knows this fact but I do. I find it hilarious and also humiliating, depending on the day. I put on my uniform and ignore the misspelling of my name. In the hallways, mop in hand, I make myself invisible. That afternoon, there are some girls from an after-school club hanging out by their lockers. Two of them see me and whisper to each other in ninth-grade French. I think maybe they recognize me as someone who used to have potential but then I remember no one outside my family cares about classical music. These girls are only laughing at a twenty-year-old person talking to himself, mopping the same spot over and over. 

After work, I come home and check on my mother. She has not moved from her bed for the last several days. Ever since she started taking antidepressants a few years ago, she’s been in a dismal haze. I go into our bedroom and find my younger brother, Daniel, drawing in his notebook at the desk. He is thirteen and all he ever does is trace figures from his favorite comics. But in his sketches the superheroes are always doing depressingly real things, like filling out their taxes or crying in the shower. I lean over his shoulder and ask, “What’s this?” 

“Captain America. Going to a movie alone.” 

“Uh-huh. Why is he doing that?” 

“He has a hard time understanding other people.” 

“You did a good job with his expression. It looks like he’s very conflicted.”

Daniel nods proudly, his dark hair falling into his face. I put on a Chopin record from my grandfather then and slip the headphones over my ears.


I almost never tell people the truth of my name. Everyone calls me Aleks, which is short for Wolfgang Amadeus Aleksandar Fa. I am the only person I knew who is Polish and Bosnian on our block or in our neighborhood on the far southside of Chicago. The first and second names came from the child prodigy who began composing symphonies at the age of eight, the third from my grandfather who emigrated from Sarajevo in the middle of the twentieth century, and the last from my father, a Bosnian-American who lives several blocks away but who no one talks to anymore. There are three of us, each named after some important cultural or historical figure: my older sister Isobel, after Isobel Loutit—a famous 20th century female mathematician; myself; and Daniel, who was named in honor of the biblical hero who fought the lions. The circumstance of our ridiculous sounding names and the fact that all of us had been raised by well-meaning pseudo-intellectuals to appreciate books and music made us strangers on our block and in our neighborhood. 

All of our hair had been cut using the same pair of clippers, each of us standing over the sink. Our skin was olive, less pink. We dressed different—like Eastern European immigrants—in out-of-date clothes my mother used to pick up at Goodwill: T-shirts advertising cartoons that were no longer on the air, generic sneakers found in the discount bins at the supermarket. None of us were allowed to use a computer or the Internet outside of school until I was eighteen. No one in the house had access to a cell phone. Our parents had raised us to think of ourselves as extraordinary, as exceptional, had read us poetry in the crib and played classical music each night as we went to sleep. Our bad haircuts and poor clothing choices only exaggerated these differences—zip-up track suits, turtlenecks and vests, floods with off-color socks. In the end, all I wanted was to be left alone, to live in an imaginary world of classical music. 


Isobel stops by the next afternoon and we get slightly high in the backyard, sitting in some icy folding chairs, ignoring the late March snow. We pass a joint back and forth, looking up at the whitening sky. Jazz lies in the snow like she is dead, completely motionless. Isobel turns to me and says: “I’ve been thinking maybe I gave her the wrong name.” 

“You do?” 

“At the time it seemed like a good idea. But now I’m worried no one’s going to take her seriously. Like her only career option will be an exotic dancer.”

“I think her name fits her.” 

We’re silent for a moment and then she says, “It’s worked out for you. Having a unique name.” 

“Look at me. I’m twenty and I don’t have shit. I was hoping to finish community college but that doesn’t look like it’s going to happen any time soon.”

Both of us turn and glance over at Jazzy who is rolling back and forth in the snow, laughing to herself like a crazy person. Isobel glances over at me and sighs and then comes out with it: “I think we’re going to be living here a while. Brian and I have been fighting. He’s trying to run my life.”

I look at her for a long time and say, “Isobel, I love you. Are you sure you’re okay?” She looks away, unwilling to answer. Later we all end up lying together in the snow. 


I go to community college because, at the moment, that’s all I can afford. I take all the poetry and music and film classes I can. I have a humanities course, which I am not a fan of. The teacher acts like the twenty-first century has not happened. 

That day in class, the professor explains we will be studying the war in Jugoslavia and the history of Balkanization. I raise my hand and say my grandfather is from Jugoslavia and that I personally have many stories about his life there but the prof looks at me like I have two heads and just keeps going with his lecture. 

Isobel and Jazz move in the following day, taking over the entire basement. I like to wake up and eat cereal across from my niece, as we make obnoxious faces at each other. 

A few nights later, Isobel’s new boyfriend, Billy, comes by. I look at this person across the table and wonder what exactly my sister is doing. Billy tells us that he served overseas in Iraq. In 2008 everyone thought the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq would be over soon. But that just goes to show you. Isobel’s boyfriend is tall and handsome, has an Irish flag tattooed on his neck, a typical southside hood. A piece of his left ear is missing and the bottom part of his left leg was amputated after he stepped on an IED in Mosul. A year later he began selling the Oxycontin and Vicodin he’d been prescribed. He announces this all with a degree of pride none of us questions. I realize then this is the person my sister has been buying drugs from. 

Later Billy asks if we want to see his leg. My brother and sister look at him, even though he is not the first visitor to come to our house missing a limb. He rolls up his pants and shows us where the lifeless beige plastic meets the scarred remains of his knee. He passes his foot around and he tells us war stories, about Baghdad and the battle of Fallujah. When the foot is passed to me, it’s hard not to feel like you are holding a part of history, the wrong part of history, the part my family always has to contend with. 

Later, after he goes home belligerent and drunk, I look over at Isobel and ask, “Are you serious? What are you doing with that guy?” 

“I like him because I can see what’s wrong with him from a mile away,” she says and exhales cigarette smoke through her nose. 

“You know you’re not supposed to smoke in here. Mom’s sick.” 

“Mom’s been sick a long time. Anyways, who died and left you in charge?”

Both of us laugh because of how funny it isn’t. I realize, in that moment, I’ve given up on my sister, because there’s nothing I can do if she isn’t willing to help herself. I know she says something behind my back but I don’t even hear it. 


At community college the next day, I turn in my humanities essay about the history of Balkanization and the war in Jugoslavia. I worked on the essay all week, pulled quotes from different sources, different articles and wrote the essay in such a way as to show how Bosnia was conquered over and over using different-colored fonts—to make clear how it is a collision of cultures, ideas, and overlapping identities, often in conflict. The prof puts on some film I barely pay attention to while he sits in the back, grading papers. After class he tells me he believes the essay has been plagiarized. 

It goes how I thought it would go: badly. I try to explain to the prof, to the dean, even to his administrative assistant—who writes everything down—that I borrowed the excerpts and built something new, but none of them are having it. I tell them how Stravinsky borrowed the opening of The Rite of Spring from a Russian folksong and how almost all of old school hip-hop is based on sampling. In return, I am told the college has a strict plagiarism policy and that I am to be expelled immediately. I don’t want to blame history but it is hard not to think about how it might have gone if I had written about fencing or soccer, instead of doing something that mattered. But, in that moment, it felt like my need to be seen as clever had once again ruined me. 

When you get kicked out of community college, when you get beat down, who are you going to run to, who are you going to tell? Our wills and fates do so contrary run, that our devices still are overthrown; our thoughts are ours, their ends none of our own, or so Shakespeare once said. 


The following day, Isobel calls to say she has to work late and asks if I can please go watch my niece in the school play for Casimir Pulaski Day. I put on my headphones, pull up my hood, and go through my CDs, looking for the right composition. What symphony do you play while riding your wobbly bike across the southside as fast as you can in order to avoid getting jumped?

I go with Rimsky-Korsokov, turn on my Walkman, and take off on the ten-speed. Fortunately, the southside ignores me as I pedal beneath its out-of-date signs, some in English, some in Spanish. I do not get jumped looking like a reject from Eastern Europe. I pull up to the elementary school, lock up my bike, and hurry inside. 

Someone’s mother kindly hands me a Xeroxed program but I’m too nervous to look. I take a seat in the back of the auditorium. A boy dressed as George Washington is kneeling beside a fatally-wounded Casimir Pulaski. Jazzy’s in the background—I think she is supposed to be an owl of some kind, or maybe a bluebird. She stares out at the sea of faces and folds her hands in her armpits while the other kids sing a song about how Casimir Pulaski’s body magically disappeared. I can see Isobel has made Jazz’s costume out of whatever happened to be on hand—wire hangers, a bathrobe. Another song starts and Jazzy begins to dance like she is in a music video, owning the moment in her teal leotard. 

In that moment, it felt like my need to be seen as clever had once again ruined me. 

In the middle of the third song someone in the front row makes a comment about my niece’s lurid dancing. I look around and see my sister is nowhere to be found. I realize then that she hasn’t been able to get off work. I collect Jazzy from the cluster of brightly-dressed kids after the final act and we ride over to Cupid Candies on 95th. Both of us stare at each other from over our bowls of ice cream. 

“You want another?” I ask. 

She shakes her head. Two empty bowls sit before her as she works on a third. I feel glad, suddenly, that I have this time together with my niece. It feels less like a chore and more like a discovery. I realize, over the course of just a few weeks, she’s become my favorite person in the world. 

As we’re riding back home and swerving through traffic, I imagine another short musical composition, like that famous bagatelle by Beethoven, note by note, made entirely of my niece’s laughter. 

When we get back to my mother’s house, Isobel is nowhere to be found. Later, after Jazzy has gone to bed, I see my sister climb out of Billy’s Cutlass, looking tranquil and ridiculous, and know exactly where she’s been. 


At work someone has plugged up all the sinks in the girl’s washroom on the first floor. It takes an hour to clean everything. As I move the mop back and forth, I improvise a sonata, attempting to capture all of my bad feelings. 

I come home from work just as the phone is ringing. I pick it up—it’s my niece Jazz’s preschool teacher saying she has failed a test. I say, “It’s preschool. She’s three years old. I mean she’s still learning,” and the preschool teacher says, No, I think there may be something wrong with her hearing. 

I don’t know about any of this. Isobel is at work at Payless Shoes and so we sit in the back of the house and I put on a record. Jazz is busy with a coloring book. I put the headphones over Jazzy’s ears but she doesn’t seem to notice at first. I watch her as I turn the volume up. It takes awhile before she seems to notice. I can hear the vibrations coming from the headphones before she seems to. I turn the music down and both of sit in the silence, the sound of her hands against the paper the only sound in the world.

When Isobel comes home, I tell her about the phone call and the headphones. She just looks at me and says, “I don’t even know how to deal with this right now.”

I know we don’t have much money for testing, for hearing aids or whatever Jazzy is going to need. But we have to do something because I’m tired of just making do. I read about hearing impairments on the Internet all night. The next morning, I drop Jazz off at preschool, borrowing Daniel’s bike without asking. I watch her climb down from the handlebars and I say, “You go in there and show them what you know. Don’t be afraid. You’re as good as any of them,” but she just gives me a blank look and wanders off into school. 

When I get home from work, I call around to see how much it costs for a hearing test without insurance. One place says three hundred, another tells me two-fifty. But we don’t have anything close to that. 


I look under my brother’s bed the next day and find in a blue shoebox that he has one hundred and fifty dollars hidden beside a notebook that lists all the classic comic books he’s been saving up for. As I’m counting the money, he comes in and tears the money out of my hand. 

“What are you doing?” he shouts. 

“This is for Jazzy. She needs money for a hearing test.” 

“This is for Fantastic Four #4. I’ve been saving up for it for eight months. You can’t just come in here and take my money.” 

“Would you have given it to me if I asked?”

He is quiet for a moment and then shakes his head, “No. Probably not.” He scratches the side of his nose and adds, “I happen to like the Fantastic Four a lot more than my family.” 

He takes the money out of my hands and shoves it back into the box.

I go by my cousin Benny’s and ask for a loan. He says he doesn’t have any cash on hand but offers me a handful of balloons he has stolen from a funeral home. All of the balloons read “Condolences.” I tie them to the handlebars of my bicycle and feel the front tire trying to leave the ground. 

I go by my grandfather’s apartment on Cicero to ask if he can help pay for Jazzy’s hearing test, but he does not answer the door. I can hear him inside playing the cello, his fingers struggling to find the right notes, but no matter how hard I knock, he does not answer. I realize this is how he has survived for so long. I keep on knocking until, finally, he opens the door. He stares at me for a moment as if trying to place where he has seen me before and then waves me inside with a frown. 

“Ah, Grandson. Let me get a look at you.” He pauses and then nods. “Oh yes. Of course. I recognize that look. I’ve seen it many times before.” 

“I came to ask…” 

“You must know I was forced to escape Communist Jugoslavia when I was only a young man of twenty-one. I packed everything I owned into a single suitcase and snuck across the border, never to see my parents or older sister again. I did all of this on my own. Eventually all of us are forced to choose our own fate.” 

I look at him and nod and then he murmurs: “I apologize but there will be no handouts for anybody.” 

As I am riding back I think of another amazing composition: Why not a concerto that describes the shape of the Big Bang or all of human history? Why not a symphony of only beginnings, with the instruments having to start over and over, one that goes on forever, something that captures the feeling of being trapped by fate only to suddenly break free? To escape all your responsibilities, all the entanglements of family? Where is the musical composition that describes something like that? 


When I get home there is an envelope of money on the counter in the kitchen. Inside is one hundred and fifty dollars. I go upstairs and find Daniel at his desk, organizing his comics once again. I ask, “Is this from your comic, the one you were saving for?” and he nods once shyly. 

“I also sold some of my X-Men,” he says. “Never liked the artwork.”

I lean over, give him a kiss on the back of his head, and he pushes me away, shouting wildly. I look through some of my old records and do the same, going by a couple record stores, selling whatever I can. In the end, it’s close to two hundred, which is enough to qualify for the payment plan. 


On a Wednesday, I bring Jazzy in for a hearing test. It’s not great news. We sit in a soundproof room and the audiologist makes sure there are no obstructions in my niece’s ears, then she places a pair of headphones over Jazz’s ears and plays a variety of tones. Later she asks Jazz to repeat a series of words that come through the headphones, but my niece only says one or two. We get shuffled to an exam room and the doctor—who is old, ancient in a safe white lab coat—explains something to us called autosomal recessive hearing loss and how her hearing loss is possibly genetic and most likely permanent and then discusses how hearing aids or implants would work and gives us answers to questions I hadn’t even thought to ask. 

I stay up all night on the Internet looking for information on how to learn ASL and decide even though I have been avoiding it for a long time, I will do this one small thing for my niece. I replay the video over and over until my eyes go blurry. 

In the morning I drop Jazzy off at preschool and feel the entire world shift as she hops from the front end of my bike. I immediately miss the weight of her on the handlebars. I hold my hand out and show her the sign for good, by placing the fingers of my right hand against my lips, then dropping my hand into my left palm. She looks away, ignoring me. 

“Jazzy,” I say, “look.” 

I do it again and again until she glances back at me. I repeat the sign a fourth time and finally, unhappily, begrudgingly, she repeats the gesture before turning away and hurrying into preschool. When I ride off, for the first time in as long as I can remember, I have the feeling anything might happen.

After the Obama Election, Ten White Men Brew a Plan to Disrupt America

A.M. Homes’ novel The Unfolding takes place over the course of two and half months, from the 2008 Obama election to inauguration day 2009. It follows a wealthy industry titan known as the Big Guy who, dismayed at the election results, summons a small group of powerful friends to his Palm Springs home with a plan to “restore” an America he sees as gravely under threat. The self-proclaimed “Forever Men,” who include an American general, a physician, a judge, and a disinformation specialist, concoct a scheme to sow discord at the heart of the American political system, with the aim of eventually reinstalling their brand of politician—rich, white, and conservative—back in power, no matter the cost. 

With his family, however, the Big Guy is hardly the powerful actor he appears to be with the Forever Men. His wife, Charlotte, suffers from alcohol addiction and harbors a weighty family secret. His daughter, Meghan, begins to wake up to the dangers of womanhood when she gets lost in the woods near her boarding school; later, she discovers another student was murdered in these same woods. By the time Meghan discovers the secret at the heart of her family’s history, she’s already started to pull away from the notion of American history that’s been handed down to her: white, male, and straight. It’s all serious stuff, yet in Homes’ hands, the events of The Unfolding crackle with wit and humor. 

From her home in New York City, Homes spoke to me via phone about satire, how The Unfolding lands in chaotic times, and what fiction can do in our current age. 


Carli Cutchin: As a book about a secret plan to sow chaos into the heart of the American political system, The Unfolding drops at an eerily apt time. With everything that’s happened in the past couple years—January 6, the ongoing COVID crisis, the overturning of Roe v. Wade, domestic terrorism, inflation, and most recently, the FBI raid on Trump’s home—the book becomes more relevant with each passing month. And yet, the germ of the book must go quite a ways back for you. 

A.M. Homes: The idea that the American political establishment—all sides—has lost touch with the American people has been on my mind for a long time. We have this election cycle planning, and election cycle pitching of how [politicians] are going to fix things, but there’s not any sort of long view of who we are as a country. [This] combined with the rise of dark money. Not just the rise of dark money, but the incredible amount of money that is at the top of the pile, and how that tips the scales—all that has been on my mind for a very long time. 

I also feel like there is this surrealism to our lives that has been growing exponentially. The character of Metzger, who talks about the [online] algorithms and how they sell people things before they even know they want them—that’s unfortunately all real. [All of this] is dividing us as thinkers, as consumers, as individuals into thinner and thinner slices, until we only see reflections of some iteration of ourselves. 

Chaos is something the government, the CIA, has used as a tool outside of this country for many years. The more you fracture things, the more scared people get, and the more they have to protect their turf. Basic words like “truth” or “democracy” suddenly mean different things to different people. The moment when Kellyanne Conway dropped the term “alternative facts,” [I thought]: All bets are off. This book does live in the world of fiction; my thinking, my work, lives in the world of fiction. But what does it mean when, repeatedly, I can’t even get ahead of [current events]? Traditionally I’ve been able to be at least a few years ahead of the curve of what’s happening. 

CC: You’ve said previously that you’re fascinated by the fine line between the public and the private, and this is a through-line in your work. It’s nowhere more true than in The Unfolding. Here, nation and family are linked in a deeply unsettling way. What can the Hitchens teach us about the broader American situation, or about America as it appears in the context of the novel?

AMH: This book is obviously looking at these large-scale themes about American identity, about democracy and disruption, and about power. At the same time, it is very much the story of these people, and this family. For me there was, on a craft level, a desire to try to marry two ideas that are unfortunately traditionally “masculine” and “feminine.” The masculine being the Great American Novel—which I now like to call the “Pretty Good Big Book”—which is a big fat book written by a guy. It looks at the social-political landscape. And then the book written—apparently—by women for women, with a small, intimate domestic landscape. If you look up “political fiction by women,” what comes up is “feminist.” Which isn’t necessarily the same [as political fiction by women]. I wanted to try and weave both of these [the traditionally “masculine” and “feminine”] into one book. And to talk about—Who is this Big Guy, and what does it mean to be the Big Guy? What does it mean when the Big Guy realizes he’s an asshole? And how does the weight and power of the Big Guy play out over two generations? 

The more you fracture things, the more scared people get, and the more they have to protect their turf.

Meghan and Charlotte represent two very different expressions of what it means to be a woman at a certain point in time. Someone said to me, “The Big Guy is so different when he’s with his friends, the Forever Men.” Yes, but that’s always been a theme for me: the space between our public and private selves. I love that this Big Guy is in his basement playing war [reenactments] on his ping-pong table, and then he’s playing war with his buddies, shooting real guns with private military contractors in Wyoming. There are different expressions and iterations of us in different places. That fascinates me. 

CC: Yeah—there’s a family battle playing out in the Big Guy’s home. He has no control over his family situation. On Thanksgiving, he calls the Betty Ford Clinic where his wife is being treated for alcohol addiction and tries to talk to her, but the staff won’t let him. I think we’ve all had this moment of wanting something from someone on the other end of the line. I really felt his frustration. He’s so helpless in that moment. 

AMH: The Big Guy isn’t used to having to navigate that kind of thing. And that’s very real. Certainly among the men I know—men are not necessarily great at doing domestic stuff like calling Betty Ford. 

CC: Let’s talk about Meghan, the Big Guy’s 18-year-old daughter. In her own way, she is trying to come to terms with history. For one, the history of her boarding school, which she’s been lied to about. It turns out a young female student was killed in the nearby woods, and the administration covered up her death. Neither she nor her classmates are safe. Then, in the classroom, she’s exploring women’s history. Finally, she’s trying to come to terms with her family history, which is being re-written after the revelation of a certain family secret. 

AMH: There are three prongs in my mind to the evolution of Meghan. One was a student who said to me, “Were there any women writing in the 20th century?” This was probably five years ago, from a student taking a literature course that ended with Toni Morrison. And I made a list of women writers and I said, “Can you please give this to your professor with my regards?” And when my kid was little, probably third grade, she came home from school and said, “Mom, were there any women in history?” And I thought, Uh-oh. As you’re growing up you’re indoctrinated into a history that’s very white male-centric. 

Looking at Meghan, I was thinking about awakenings and coming to consciousness. All those moments where you realize there’s more to the story in the absolute largest sense than you were ever told or ever had a clue about. I wanted her piece of the story to stretch beyond the boundaries of the known and familiar, but also to involve recognizing the incredible fear and discomfort and anxiety that comes with that. When one goes beyond those places there is that sense of danger, or breaking away from the agreed-upon narrative. 

CC: Meghan has a lot of spunk. I love the scene where she’s in the swimming pool in Phoenix with one of the Forever Men, Eisner; they encounter each other before Eisner and the Big Guy start working together. There’s this interesting sexual tension between them, despite the fact Meghan is 18 and Eisner is in his 40s. It was one of my favorite moments. It’s not a very #MeToo sentiment to have on my part.

AMH: I think it’s human. As a young girl there are those moments where there’s some guy who’s older than you, and there’s that frisson. Something could happen, but the good news is, it doesn’t happen. Eisner doesn’t take advantage of Meghan. Which is a compliment to him.

In these [January 6] hearings, it’s fascinating to me that all of these women have come forward. That’s Meghan, that’s absolutely Meghan. They are incredibly brave. Part of how they were able to come forward is that men in the room never thought they were a threat. They didn’t notice them. They were irrelevant to the men. They were witness to all kinds of things. Looking at Liz Cheney—she’s put her political career on the line, and has stood up for basic truths. All that speaks to the evolution of women in these places. 

CC: There’s this ominousness in The Unfolding having to do with race—race as the elephant in the room. It seems to me that the Forever Men are, whether they say it or not, reacting to a Black man becoming president. Their elaborate plans to disrupt the system and sow chaos are a response to that. 

The idea that the American political establishment—all sides—has lost touch with the American people has been on my mind for a long time.

AMH: Two of the very big threads in the book—and right in front of us right now [politically]—are racism and sexism. I personally find it cool that the book doesn’t come out and announce [the themes]. I wanted to tell this story, and give this illustration of how we evolved to this point, through the lens of the Forever Men. My good friend, the writer Randall Kenan, who died in September 2020—he just keeled over in his house and died. I feel he died from all of this. From having to witness it all, live through it, and represent himself [as a Black man]. 

There are a lot of people like the Big Guy—his obliviousness not only to his privilege but to the narrowness of his experience and the bubble he lives in. There are many, many people living in [those bubbles]. Racism and sexism are very much at the core of what we’re looking at right now. 

CC: The Forever Men are very concerned with preserving American history, on their terms. But this isn’t the only meaning of “history” that appears in the novel. Toward the end, the “old man” character whom the Big Guy meets at a New Year’s party muses, “I’m telling you that our balls are in the water; our balls are going under . . . we are history. Old white men. We’re done. Finis.” These old white men—the Forever Men—may fixate on history, but in another sense they are history, whether they acknowledge it or not. 

AMH: The Obama election—I bought a new TV. People poured out into the streets celebrating. To think about it from the other point of view—for some people it was terrifying. The idea of a Black man being in charge was terrifying. A lot of what we’ve continued to see was the evolution of that [reaction]. It’s not Obama per se, but it is the idea that as our country moves forward, the demographic shift, the number of BIPOC communities, of women in power [grows] and for a generation of older white men, that’s terrifying. 

CC: The Forever Men wield the term “democracy,” but their plans are anything but democratic. It occurs to me that for them, “democracy” is a way of saying “white men in charge.” 

AMH: Yes. It’s all about, How do we preserve “our America”? That America is gone, but there’s a lot of fear [among white men]. That’s what’s so interesting and complicated about what’s happening now. So much of what is driving things is a fear of people losing their place.

CC: This is a big question, but I imagine you’ve given it some thought over the course of your career. In an era like ours, what can fiction do? Why write a novel? 

AMH: The first thing it can do is prompt conversation. That’s the thing I’m looking for. I don’t presume to have answers, I don’t presume to tell a perfect story. Even if [readers] say, What the hell was that?—if it shakes their understanding of how they see themselves, or how they look at the world around them, or even the questions they think to ask, that’s a piece of it. Grace Paley, who was my favorite teacher ever—people were saying to her, “Oh, do fiction writers have a moral responsibility?” and she would say, “No more than a plumber has a responsibility to do a good job.” And I think on the one hand, that’s true. But I also feel like—I want the time I’ve spent to be of consequence. 

What can fiction do? It can scare us. Hopefully it can motivate us to engage, whether it’s in talking or doing more. Someone said to me the other day, “I know you thought this book would be funny, but there are parts of it that just aren’t funny.” And I thought, Exactly. There are parts of it that just aren’t funny. I’ve tried to balance the use of humor [with the serious], because if I can make you laugh, I can cut deeper and get in further. I wanted to push those Forever Men into the land of Dr. Strangelove. I didn’t want to be writing in reaction to the world around me. I wanted to get out ahead of it. 

CC: Satire is very powerful. Whether it’s on a late-night show or in a book, there is something satire can do that information can’t. 

AMH: Yes, something fact alone doesn’t do. If you break the surface tension by making someone laugh, you’re able to go to another level. The other piece of it is, as we see on late-night [shows] all the time, if you can make a joke that asks people to acknowledge the absurdity of things, it’s a double check. That serves to validate the strangeness of people’s experience. 

Even before Kellyanne Conway mentioned alternative facts, we had already lost track of the difference between fiction and nonfiction. I had always prided myself on being a fiction writer, except for when I am actively writing nonfiction. When my books come out in Europe, people get it: [the books are] funny and not-funny. Here it’s [supposed to be] one thing or the other. You can’t be funny not-funny. This book is very funny not-funny. What might have been funny yesterday is not funny today, because it might have happened—this morning. 

11 Juicy Literary Scandals

Whether you refer to it as “hot goss,” “spilling the tea,” or attempt to sound refined by using “talk of the town” (we’re looking at you, The New Yorker), everyone loves a good juicy story, especially those involving schadenfreude. We delight in the downfall of our friends and strangers because, for a little while, we can forget about our own mistakes (and some of us, yours truly included, make a lot of those). So, when The Podglomerate approached me last year about hosting a podcast covering literary gossip (which would become Missing Pages), I was intrigued—especially when they presented an initial slate of ideas. I mentally rubbed my hands together with glee, eager to record something light while I finished working on a book that is less so. (Mark your calendars: Life B: A Memoir will be released by Counterpoint Press in May 2023.) 

As I worked with the production team on Missing Pages, we all realized that to simply tell these stories as narratives of wrongdoing wasn’t just superficial, it was doing a disservice to our listeners, who, like most readers, have little knowledge about how the book publishing industry works. Each anecdote we examined deserved deeper examination, including analysis of the original situation, interviews with those involved and subject-matter experts, and reflection on how current and former aspects of the book world affect these stories. 

Does that mean we wrung these juicy stories into dry husks of facts? Hardly. There’s structural inequity, and then there’s personal bad behavior. No amount of stress at work can account for pretending a beloved family member is dead just so you can eke out a promotion (that is, unless you’re writing an episode of Seinfeld). Sure, it’s tough out there, but when you have to resort to setting up an OnlyFans account in order to pay back your publishing advance, perhaps you haven’t made the best choices. In other words, Missing Pages has plenty of tea still to spill from our very full pot. 

That full pot inspired my list. Below is a list of literary scandals from the past several years that are still boiling hot, and also bring up questions about the way we look at books, art, authors, and culture in this troubled—and gossip-ridden—world.

The Lost Author: Elena Ferrante Outed (2016)

When My Brilliant Friend, the first novel in Elena Ferrante’s Neapolitan Quartet, appeared in 2014, everyone knew “Elena Ferrante” was a pseudonym, and, as the linked piece from Entertainment Weekly indicates, that the author wished their real identity to remain unknown. In 2016, however, a fellow Italian writer, Claudio Gatti, “exposed” Elena Ferrante as a woman, a reclusive translator. The real scandal here was not anything Ferrante did or didn’t do, but rather Gatti’s digging through years of financial and real estate records to “prove” her identity. He got a severe whipping on The Twitters although that probably didn’t bother him one bit. Worse, he tried to infer that the “real” Ferrante couldn’t have written her books without editorial support from her husband. At the time, Ferrante said being “outed” by name might deter her from writing. One of her older novels, 2005’s The Lost Daughter, has already been made into a stellar film starring Olivia Colman, and the Neapolitan Quartet has been made into a highly regarded television adaptation. Will we see new work from Ferrante? Only time will tell.

TERF Wars: JK Rowling (2014) and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (2017)

For anyone who might need catching up, TERF stands for “trans-exclusionary radical feminist,” and refers to people who deny that transwomen are women. Not a good look if you ask me, but plenty of high-level authors seem to believe it’s just right for them. In 2014, JK Rowling of Harry Potter fame declared her support for an Australian woman named Maya Forstater, who was fired from her job for sending tweets that were deemed “bigoted.” (Sample Forstater tweet: “men cannot change into women.”) Meanwhile, in 2017, superstar novelist from Nigeria Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie declared, “When people talk about, ‘Are trans women women?’ my feeling is trans women are trans women,” a statement that resulted in a deep rift across the years with Adichie’s one-time protegee, writer, and trans person, Akwaeke Emezi.

Cultural Blinders: American Dirt (2020)

Jeanine Cummins’ American Dirt, a novel about a Mexican woman and her son attempting to migrate illegally to the United States, triggered backlash early when the  book launch-luncheon floral centerpieces featured decorative circles of barbed wire. The wire, of course, was part of the book jacket design, but it’s also a clear symbol of the border fence meant to prevent immigrants from entering the country. Classy, right? The insensitive decorative choice launched a thousand diatribes. However, the backlash ultimately went much deeper than table decoration. Rightfully, Latinx authors and readers object to the inappropriate cultural appropriations, including reductive caricatures of Mexicans, made by a non-Mexican author. 

We Still Have Questions: Where the Crawdads Sing (2021)

We’d be remiss not to include blockbuster novel Where the Crawdads Sing, recently adapted as a major motion picture by Reese Witherspoon, because its author, Delia Owens, has long been associated with the mysterious death of an elephant poacher in Zambia (trust me; you have to read up on this to really understand). Owens, 73, is a wildlife scientist and conservationist whose protagonist, a lonely girl named Kyra who grows up obsessed with animals in the marshes of North Carolina, might be her doppelgänger. Kyra has something else in common with her creator, too: they’re both implicated in murder cases. For Kyra, it’s the death of a local quarterback; for Owens, it’s the 1995 murder of an elephant poacher in Zambia, a case also involving her estranged husband Mark Owens and their son Christopher Owens. In her novel, Delia Owens can wrap things up neatly, but in real life, her involvement in the crime remains unresolved. 

Manuscript Mischief: Filippo Bernardini (2021)

If you were an aspiring author and received an email from someone at “penguinrandornhouse.com,” would you catch the typo amidst your deep excitement at hearing from someone you thought was an editor? You say yes, but plenty of other authors, agents, editors, and publishing execs were caught out by a Simon & Schuster UK employee named Filippo Bernardini, who conducted a high-level manuscript-phishing scam so that he could . . . Well, we don’t really know. I mean, he couldn’t, and didn’t, sell the manuscripts—that would have required using a proper email address. Was he just collecting manuscripts as trophies? When he was arrested in January 2022 at JFK airport, Bernardini alone was indicted; S&S UK was not involved in the case in any way. Will we ever know what the manuscripts stolen, which included works by Margaret Atwood and Ethan Hawke, meant to him? This Vulture article provides clues about his ego, need for attention, and obsession with authorial fame, but no one except Bernardini can speak the truth. Alas, that might mean he’s working on a memoir while in prison.  

Not a Clean Hand in Sight: My Dark Vanessa (2020) and Jumi Bello (2022)

Novels that involve the #MeToo movement are hot, but that doesn’t mean they should be hot off the pages of someone else’s book. When Kate Elizabeth Russell’s debut novel came out in 2020, it was acclaimed as an authentic perspective of a high school student groomed by her English teacher for a sexual relationship that turns sad and tawdry. But even more tawdry were the accusations from Latina writer Wendy C. Ortiz, who read My Dark Vanessa and recognized its plot as “eerily similar” to her 2014 memoir Excavation. Ortiz also raised concerns that Russell’s story, which is told from a white woman’s point of view and covers themes similar to those covered in Excavation, was given robust marketing and publicity support, while Ortiz was told her memoir was “unsaleable.” Ultimately, it was revealed that Russell’s novel was based on her own experiences as a teenager, and that she had not plagiarized Ortiz’s memoir.  

In 2022, another high-profile debut novelist, Jumi Bello, had a title coming out from the stellar imprint Riverhead—but was dropped when editors discovered that not only had Bello (who struggles with mental illness) plagiarized, but she had plagiarized from established authors, including Carole Maso and venerable (and deceased) author James Baldwin. Bello wrote about her actions and challenges for Lit Hub, but unfortunately that essay was retracted because parts of it were, ironically, plagiarized from plagiarismtoday.com. The story continues to unfold; its most interesting part may not be the author’s mistakes, but rather the publisher’s last-minute recognition of significant plagiarism in the manuscript. 

The Biographies of Monstrous Men: Blake Bailey & Philip Roth (2021) and Blake Bailey (2022)

Biographer Blake Bailey was riding high when his account of novelist Philip Roth’s life hit bookstores, and felt comfortable enough during interviews to mention Roth’s bad behavior toward women, stating that it was all part of a great artist’s time on earth. But when Bailey that same year was accused of sexually assaulting two women (one rape is alleged to have taken place upstairs at literary critic Dwight Garner’s home during a book party), his publisher, W.W. Norton, halted shipping, distribution, and further printing of the Roth biography. In June 2022, Skyhorse Books announced it will be publishing Blake Bailey’s latest book . . . on cancel culture. Wheel in the sky keeps on turning . . . and who knows, a Missing Pages episode on Skyhorse, which has an incredible track record of publishing books no one else will, might be forthcoming.  

Playing the Donor Card: Bad Art Friend (2022)

Bear with me for a moment as I share personal information. I’m in a writing group. (Maybe you are, too.) Never and not for one second would I consider poaching any of my fellow group members’ work or ideas, and, because we are in a supportive, professional group, I don’t think of their shared conversation as material. Your mileage may vary. “It’s all material” is a common writerly adage. But when someone in your writers’ group announces a huge personal decision, and then you use that decision as the basis of a short story that you get published, and continue to discuss in a gossipy group email . . .  well then you are a Bad Art Friend. All of this went down in a group formed through Boston’s Grub Street Writers Center. Dawn Dorland and Sonya Larson were acquaintances from Grub Street, and when Dorland decided to create a private Facebook group for support in her decision to donate a kidney, Larson was included as a member. In 2016, through a mutual friend, Dorland heard that Larson had given a reading of  “a cool story about giving out a kidney.” The gloves were now off, scalpels drawn: Dorland wanted to know why Larson had based a story on Dorland’s donor act when Larson hadn’t even seemed to care about it at announcement time. (There are a LOT of hurt feelings in this story. I highly recommend the above NYT link if you want to piece it all together.) Larson wrote, “I hope it doesn’t feel too weird for your gift to have inspired works of art.” Dorland and Larson’s brouhaha has inspired so much discourse that an anthology called “Bad Art Friend: Stories from the Writing-Group Trenches” has to be in the works. 

A Jamaican American Searches for Identity and Belonging in Miami

The question at the heart of If I Survive You is “What are you?” 

Jonathan Escoffery’s debut collection of linked stories follows a Jamaican American family of mixed heritage that migrates to Miami in the 1970s. Trelawny, the second of two boys and the main character in most of the stories, is about nine years old when he begins to seek clarity on one burning question, “Am I Black?” It’s a question put upon him by the constant perusal of his brown skin, by a system that dictates how race is determined, preconceived notions of what a Jamaican looks and sounds like, and his mother’s noncommittal answer to the question—“you’re a little of this and a little of that.” His brother, Delano, is more direct: “You’re Black, Trelawny. In Jamaica we weren’t, but here we are. There’s a ‘one-drop’ rule.”

While Trelawny accepts his racial identity as Black, race is at play in other ways, and the question follows him through college and into early adulthood. When Trelawny graduates college and returns to Miami from the Midwest, the tanking economy makes it difficult for Trelawny to find meaningful employment. Desperate for a way to survive, he takes on questionable jobs, including one advertised by a white couple seeking a Black man to serve as a voyeur, and he finds that race not only excludes him from opportunities but presents other options for individuals to exploit his Blackness. 

Escoffery was born and raised in Miami, and we spoke recently about how growing up in Miami serves as the foundation for his stories. 


Donna Hemans: I’m intrigued by the title and the many ways you explore survival. There are hurricanes, homelessness, political violence in Jamaica, childhood bullies—all things the characters survive. And in “Odd Jobs” Trelawny is pummeled by the family of a woman who hired him to slap her. Can you talk about the idea of survival and what it means to the immigrant family and the generation of children born in America to immigrants?

Jonathan Escoffery: We experience these things quite differently. When you’re Black in America, there’s a different kind of experience from the generation born in the U.S. I was a very proud, patriotic child until America began to tell me that I wasn’t its ideal son. That sent me on a kind of exploration. If this isn’t where I belong, then where is it? 

I’m part of the generation that’s surviving what it means to be in America when it seems like there could have been another option for us to not have to deal with this kind of racist system. It’s all the systemic problems that we deal with that affect us in very individual ways, that prevent us from rising to the top of certain careers, or at least may have us striving to feed ourselves in the ways that Trelawny does. He follows the playbook for upward advancement. He goes to college. He does well in college, and he still finds himself outside of what’s been promised to people who work hard in America. 

But there’s also surviving your bad decisions and your obsessions. If you look at Topper who certainly made mistakes and he’s failed in ways—and there’s the question of whether he has failed Trelawny—but also he has built a business that was successful for a while. He’s able to build his dream house. So in those kinds of more material ways, we might see him as actually quite the success. 

DH: “Pestilence,” begins: “The first and only plot of American soil my parents purchased together was plagued, as was the house they built atop it. The millipedes blackened our front steps, made Mom tap dance from car to welcome mat. They crept up pipes, bursting from bath drains at our most vulnerable moments, their dark bodies startling against the porcelain white.” Do you look at this “pestilence” as a metaphor for the family’s American life?

I was a very proud, patriotic child until America began to tell me that I wasn’t its ideal son. If this isn’t where I belong, then where is it?

JE: I took that particular metaphor because the house I grew up in had all of those animals. There’s nothing that I wrote that was made up. And it was largely a one horse town when my family got here. The wildlife was pretty wild. I’m down in Miami, right now and I can see the lizards we had as children. The new generations of lizards have come in and eaten them and there’s always an invasive species that is descending upon this town. It’s cyclical. There are plagues acting as plagues upon the land. The developers are part of that. In terms of metaphors, it’s operating in that way. Something is always coming for this family.

DH: Sticking with the idea of loss, Delano loses his business and that’s tied to the economic downturn. There is the hurricane, of course, that destroys Delano’s childhood home and the house is sinking. There’s also the loss of family. So how do you look at these losses? Are they based on the family’s own failings or are there external factors, like race, affecting them?

JE: I think it’s a mixed bag. They’re taking what they’re given and sometimes making them better. That might just be a reflection of my worldview. Growing up, my parents said, “Don’t get caught up in the politics of the U.S. The system will actually tear you down. Just stay focused on you; don’t get involved in all these larger conversations.” This was my parents not that long after they migrated here. There’s a kind of short lived advantage to ignorance in a sense. I don’t think you can run the full marathon based on that ignorance, but you might make some good time in your sprint with that kind of ignorance. 

Even with Sanya, there’s some similarities with my parents. After those 30 years go by she threw in the towel and she said, Yes, I am a Black woman. I do recognize that. And I’m going to peace out of America because this particular set of problems that it comes with, it’s just not worth it. 

But Trelawny doesn’t have to take on all of these terrible jobs. In the final title story, he doesn’t have to go and meet with this couple. He’s just addicted to making his life difficult. His life has been made difficult for so long that he’s replicating that and maybe a little bit addicted to his own hardships and trauma. 

DH: In “In Flux,” Trelawny asks a question that brought him back to Jamaica. “Among your friends, do people tend to think about or talk about their ancestral roots? Pre-Jamaican, I mean.” He is concerned about whether his peers look to England or West Africa as the motherland. Why is this important to him?

Miami is a place where people wear their prejudices on their sleeves much more than other cities I’ve lived in. Here people are quick to tell you their prejudices.

JE: He’s had these multiple experiences. He’s had the experience in Miami, where people keep saying, “What are you?” They keep accosting him with this question and when he tries to answer they’re very disappointed in his answers and they contradict his answers. And they say, “No, you look more like this. So you must be that or you sound more like this. You don’t sound Jamaican. So how could you be Jamaican? You look more like you might be Dominican, Puerto Rican.” They don’t really accept his answers. 

So he takes up others’ obsessions. When he has the opportunity to actually be in Jamaica, he’s wondering if he could just feel that comfort level that the rest of his peers seem to feel. But what he’s finding when he’s in Jamaica is that even though he would very much love to be able to step into the identity of being unquestionably Jamaican, not thinking about where he belongs, he finds that he is within a kind of colorism. There’s a certain class perspective that he does not share. He’s noticing the ways in which he may not be able to actually fit within this group, as much as he would like to. Largely that is because he was born in America and he’s grown up American to an extent, and there’s not much that’s going to change that at this point in his life.

DH: How does Trelawny reconcile his racial ambiguity and the different ways he is treated? 

JE: By the end of “In Flux” he’s solid in his Blackness. He’s Black with mixed ancestry. But it’s also never going to be so simple to others who are going to identify him however they happen to see him. He has a very different experience in the Midwest versus Miami. And I think that’s because in a place like Miami, people carry the way they see race from whichever nation they came from. Most of the population is not made up of white Americans. It’s mostly Latinx population from all over. And he has to respond to that and the other Caribbean attitudes towards race. 

He’s had a lot of experiences in Miami where they’re saying, “I will give you more of a chance because I see you as not Black or not fully Black.” And he’s not latching on to that. He’s no longer interested in that kind of parachute away from Blackness. 

DH: You talk about racism in Miami—some of it subtle, some of it overt. Can you imagine the book or these stories without that brand of racism? Is that brand of racism a characteristic of Miami?

JE: I really wanted to write the book that I never saw in the world. If I tried to write any other story it would feel false. It would feel like a poor imitation of something I had read and not aligned with my lived experience. People have written wonderfully about more overt racism that you might expect in the U.S.

Most of my presumed readers will not have grown up in Miami and won’t be aware of this brand of racism. I had to be brave about what I had experienced and hope that this would be understood. It’s 100 percent part of Miami. Miami is a place where people wear their prejudices on their sleeves much more than other cities I’ve lived in. Here people are quick to tell you their prejudices. They don’t let their prejudices get in the way of who they marry. But they will tell you what they think of a given group.

DH: I can’t help but think that the focus on survival and race all tie back to the idea of belonging. As a child, Trelawny wants to belong—whether to the group of Spanish-speaking friends at school or the group of Black children. He wants to fit in. Are those two ideas intertwined to you? 

JE: Trelawny tries to belong to anyone who would have him. He wants to be uncomplicatedly American. He wants to be the classic American boy. Everyone is telling him he is not that. He finds people who look like him, but when they hear where his family is from he is rejected. He starts to feel that he hasn’t connected to his heritage. Where do I belong where I can fully claim this is my heritage? What he finds is that there is no place. Maybe that’s my pessimistic view of belonging. But I’m also open to the idea that Trelawny is too obsessed with these things. Maybe he is hypersensitive. What I wanted to demonstrate is that it is not coming from nowhere. People are putting this on him. He’s not given full membership to any group. 

DH: When I think back a little bit on some of the things that I’ve read about how millennials view the world because they’ve gone through so much, I wonder if that is tied to the way Trelawny views his circumstances?

JE: He’s definitely in that place where he thinks he should be furthering the success of the family. He’s on a trajectory to do worse than his parents despite the fact that they went through the hardship of immigration and getting used to a new society. I think that a lot of us feel that way. For a very long time, I felt that way. It seems like it’s just too late for us to really achieve much. Trelawny definitely holds some of those views. He holds more of those views than Delano, who for the first time is starting to wonder about possibilities and maybe the lack of possibility, whereas he was probably more optimistic about how life was going to go up until about 2008 or so. 

DH: Some of that is tied to the fact that he was also the favorite son. Right?

JE: He feels firm in his footing and he has the support from his family where Trelawny never did. 

The Cutest Bookstore Pets in America

There are very few things in the world that we at Electric Lit love more than bookstores, but one of those things is pets. We are absolutely obsessed with our furry friends. It only stands to reason that to our minds, there is no greater place in the world than a bookstore with a pet. Bookstore pets are one of life’s greatest gifts, and there is no better way to browse books than to do it while a dog weaves between your legs or a cat snores softly on a bookstack that you dare not rifle through, lest you disturb the sweet angel’s slumber. We put feelers out to our followers on social media to discover bookstores that feature special cameos by their literary critters. Below is a list of bookstores across the U.S.—many recommended by our readers!—where you can experience two of life’s greatest joys: browsing books and snuggling pets.

Wild Rumpus; Minneapolis, Minnesota

Wild Rumpus takes the notion of bookstore pets to a whole new level, by featuring what is basically a full-fledged petting zoo, with cats, fish, birds, rats (the intentional kind), and chinchillas. Primarily a children’s bookstore with a small selection of adult titles as well, the concept for the store comes from the book The Salamander Room by Anne Mazer, which removes the boundary between the inside and the outside, leading to the store’s aesthetic vision: starting as a relatively traditional bookstore in the front, and designed to look more and more like the outdoors as you move toward the back of the store, where you’ll find their many pets. Their website features absurdly cute bios of several of the animals, and they even have a YouTube channel where you can watch feeds of what the pets are up to when the humans aren’t around to keep them in check (while it appears they haven’t posted new videos in quite a while, the catalogue is well worth watching for your fill of cute bookstore animal antics). 

Community Bookstore; Brooklyn, New York

Located in Park Slope, Community Bookstore is Brooklyn’s oldest bookstore and a fan favorite amongst locals. While the well-known and beloved cat, Tiny, sadly no longer resides at the store, fear not! There is still a little creature who spends its days in the store’s backyard: the less fluffy but just as adorable John Turturtle. Personally, I love an unconventional bookstore pet, and while I’m sad that Tiny no longer graces the stacks, I’m quite pleased to see this handsome turtle getting some love in the literary world.

Parnassus Books; Nashville, Tennessee

Inside Parnassus Books, co-owned by Ann Patchett, there are not one, not two, but six dogs gracing the store with their presence. Each dog has its own job description, ranging from the essential Assistant Co-Owner (granted to Sparkman “Sparky” VanDevender) to the slightly more specialized but no less important “Connoisseur of Cardboard,” Barnabus Lynch. While not all six dogs are working the sales floor every day (the hardworking pups need days off too!), you’ll typically find at least two or three of these industrious, four-legged friends about the store. They also have their own online magazine, Musing, where you’ll find staff picks, author interviews, a blog written by Ann Patchett herself, and the extra special “Shop Dog Diaries,” where you can hear a little bit about the lives of the shop dogs (they’re shockingly good writers—who would’ve thought?). And as an added bonus for all you Ann Patchett fans, you can buy signed copies of all of Patchett’s books in store.

Iliad Bookshop; Los Angeles, California

The Iliad Bookshop in North Hollywood has long housed pets, and is currently home to two fluffy felines, Apollo and Zeus (aptly named for a bookstore called Iliad). A used bookstore with primarily literature and art titles, they have a wide selection of books to browse as well as couches where you can sit and read. If you’re lucky, you may just find yourself with a cat hanging out with you while you flip through your selections—according to the Iliad’s website, Apollo and Zeus are “very sociable,” which bodes well for getting some good cuddles in while you’re there.

MacIntosh Books + Paper; Sanibel, Florida

At MacIntosh Books + Paper, you’ll find a large selection of books alongside stationary and cards, and, most importantly, the adorable Mr. Brady, a handsome, big-eyed tuxedo cat. If you find yourself on the island of Sanibel, you’ll want to stop by to pick up some books to read on the beach and to give Brady some pets while he lounges on one of his cat beds throughout the store or stretches out on a rug.

Cupboard Maker Books; Enola, Pennslyvania

Cupboard Maker Books is a great place for people seeking not only a good book to bring home, but a feline friend of your own! Here you’ll find not only the three current cats-in-residence—Annika, Mouse, and Zak—but adoptable cats as well. As firm believers in supporting both indie bookstores and animal rescues, a hybrid between the two is basically a dream come true. Stop by to help used books and adorable cats find their forever home.  

Bart’s Books; Ojai, California

Bart’s is a charming part-indoor, part-outdoor bookstore with an aesthetic that is—to my eye and apparently the eyes of many bookstagrammers—pretty hard to beat. And, of course, the adorable Simone, a sweet gray cat who can be found roaming the space, only increases their Instagram aesthetic by a factor of a million (I don’t make the rules). With its vast number of outdoor shelves featuring a wide selection of books—from rare and antiques down to 35 cent specials that can be purchased on the honor system by dropping your payment into a coin slot on the door—and numerous spots to sit and read, Bart’s is the kind of place you could spend a day just hanging out at.

Twice Sold Tales; Seattle, Washington

Twice Sold Tales in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Seattle features no shortage of books or cats. With six cats—Lily, Buster, Hardy, Screamer, James and Eleanor—who take up residence in the store, Twice Sold Tales is to cat lovers what Parnassus is to dog lovers. With so many books and furry friends to choose from, you’re guaranteed to have ample opportunity for quality cat time while you browse the used and rare books. It’s the perfect spot for our variety-loving bookish friends.

Recycle Bookstore; San Jose, California

Ender!

Recycle Bookstore in San Jose is—true to their name—a used bookstore that is also a great spot for selling or trading your books. And, of course, it is also a great spot for hanging out with cats. Emma and Ender are two extremely fluffy bookstore helpers who want to buy your books (or at least, sit on them). And because they are truly dedicated to the bookstore cat lifestyle, their secondary location in Campbell, California, is home to their own cat, Max, as well. Stop by to buy, trade, sell, and pet! 

Horton’s Books & Gifts; Carrollton, GA

At Georgia’s oldest bookstore, you’ll find three cats who are eager to help you shop: Dante, Poe, and Savannah (according to their Instagram, there is also “one store ghost” which I’m not sure counts as a pet, per se, but it is definitely the most interesting bookstore resident I’ve encountered in my research). This store has a very distinct style with books and antiques housed in pharmacy cases, and you’ll find used books in the basement “bookcellar.” Eclectic, unique, and delightful, Horton’s is a neat spot to check out for the aesthetics alone, made even more of a must-see by merit of its ample kitty selection.

Pillow-Cat Books; New York, NY

Pillow-Cat Books not only has a bookstore cat (the eponymous Pillow Cat), but is also the only bookstore on this list that specifically sells only animal-themed books. It is an animal bookstore with a bookstore animal. Animal bookstore-ception, if you will. The adorable Pillow can be found helping out around the store, and inside you can browse books of all genres and ages: they may be new, used, or even antiques, but one thing is for certain: all of them will feature an animal of some kind. Stop by for all your animal needs—from cuddles with the real Pillow to literary adventures with the animals between the pages.

Split Rock Books; Cold Spring, NY

Georgie!

At Split Rock Books, a family-owned bookstore run by a husband and wife team, you’ll find a sweet little ginger cat named Georgie lounging around (and on) the store’s displays. For New Yorkers looking for an escape from the city, swinging by Cold Spring for some nature and a visit to this adorable indie is highly recommended. What could be better for a weekend refresh than some time out of the city, at a bookstore owned by former New York City booksellers, buying some books and hanging out with their sweet cat?

7 Books About Sad Girls in New York City

The tried and true sad-girls-in-New-York-City genre has been around for ages: Esther Greenwood descending into a haze of depression during her magazine internship in The Bell Jar, the titular star of Theodore Dreiser’s Sister Carrie risking it all for a new wardrobe and financial freedom, and of course, any one of Edith Wharton’s heroes and anti-heroes, scheming and manipulating their way through New York society. Since then, the trope has been evolving with the times and expanding to reflect the ever-changing nature of the city.

My graphic novel, A Career in Books, follows three sad girls in New York City, working their way up the ladder of the book publishing world. They listen to the Marie Antoinette soundtrack on the G train, they sob at Shake Shack, and make regrettable decisions in K-Town soju bars. In short: classic sad girl in NYC shit. 

If you’ve done all of the above—or simply love doing so vicariously, here are 7 contemporary books about women who eschew meaningless platitudes or glitzy portrayals of the city. Instead, they choose to acknowledge and reckon with the very real struggles and stressors of living in a metropolis determined to devour their psyche. Whether they cope with this with the help of their friends, an unhealthy work-life balance, terrible romances and vices, or all of the above, these sad girls claim the city as their own, one subway cry at a time.    

Brown Girls by Daphne Palasi Andreades

A rallying cry for the sad brown girls of the city, the book follows a group of girls from Queens as they navigate their immigrant families, their professional lives, and their diverging paths out of childhood. The multiple voices form a collective portrait of a generation of women who have complicated relationships with their mothers, money, careers, and hometowns. This is the sad girl gang I’ve always wanted.

Happy Hour by Marlowe Granados

The book’s protagonist, Isa Epley, embodies everything I wanted to be at 21: gorgeous, confident, and pleasure-seeking. But even she finds herself bogged down by sad girl feelings, and it’s only exacerbated by the tenuous relationship she has with both her best friend and her finances. Like any intensely close duo, they have their fair share of toxic dependence and blurry boundaries, but not even the most incisive therapist can convince them to give up the friendship. All of which, of course, makes for the best stories.

Free Food For Millionaires by Min Jin Lee

I have a vivid memory of reading this book in line at the Trader Joe’s on 14th street, so enthralled by the opening chapter that I completely forgot I was packed cheek by jowl with hordes of New Yorkers stocking up on kale gnocchi. A common denominator that makes sad girls sad in these books: money. And Min Jin Lee hammers this home in the best way possible, following Casey’s winding path after college, where her expensive tastes lead to soul-sucking finance jobs, beautiful hotels, and an increasing distance between her childhood in Queens.

Plum Bun by Jessie Redmon Fauset

Sad girls often escape to New York City in search of reprieve, and more often than not, the city only further complicates things. In Plum Bun, light-skinned Angela passes for white and tries to take on this identity in New York, away from her family and childhood. Spoiler alert: she eventually escapes to another city, making this book a part of one of my other favorite genres: Sad Girls in Paris.

Joan Is Okay by Weike Wang

Give me a sad girl who is also obsessed with her career and uses it to shield herself from personal dissection, and I’m all in, baby. Weike Wang is the chronicler of Sad Asian American Girls, and Joan—an ICU doctor wrestling with the death of her father, her tumultuous relationship with her mother, as well as racism and misogyny ​​during the height of the pandemic—is a sterling example of this.

Halsey Street by Naima Coster

When Penelope returns to her home in Brooklyn, she finds her neighborhood completely unrecognizable due to gentrification and fresh family dynamics. She is forced to reckon with this onslaught of changing relationships: her mother, miles away now in a different country; her father, sick like she’s never seen him before; and her neighbors, now replaced with wealthy strangers. 

Sour Heart by Jenny Zhang

Who says sad girls can’t also be funny? Or violent? Or thoughtful? Or shocking? The Chinese American characters that make up the stories in Jenny Zhang’s book are all of the above, painting a portrait of immigrant life in America that avoids anything we’ve seen before. Whether they’re in grade school or they’re grizzled mothers, the story’s characters bear witness to the tumultuous time that is girlhood, set in the confounding background of their adopted home country.

Not Another Tragic Gay Love Story

Seán Hewitt begins All Down Darkness Wide in a graveyard with a brief encounter with a stranger. There, surrounded by ghosts and prayers, Hewitt and the man attempt to conjure memories of their past loves and attach them to what they feel at that moment. It’s an unforgettable opening image for what is ultimately a complex meditation on love, highlighting what truly haunts this story—one’s history, and the loneliness and fear threaded throughout a life.  

Hewitt, an award-winning poet, book critic for The Irish Times, and professor of modern British and Irish literature, tells his memoir as a love story with a man named Elias, and Hewitt’s experience caring for him through his struggles with severe depression and suicidal ideation. Drawing upon history, an astute eye for the community he was raised in, and the stories of queer figures that came before him, he carefully explores the ways our world tries to make queer life and happiness incompatible. He blends the rhythm and lyricism of poetics with deeply-felt prose to create a fully realized account of how to love someone so fiercely that their life and pain becomes yours. The resulting read is both heartbreaking and wildly beautiful.

Over email correspondence, Hewitt and I discussed how he looked back critically on his past self, the pressures of being a caretaker, and his path toward wholeness in loving himself and others. 


Michael Welch: Depression can be so difficult to portray on the page, and your memoir does an incredible job at showing it in its full complexity. How did you begin to approach writing about this subject? 

Seán Hewitt: It was important to me to preserve two things in this book: the present moment, and the unknowability of the minds of others. I didn’t want this to be a story told with hindsight. Instead, I wanted to plunge the reader into a world that slowly became more disorientating and uncertain, without overlaying it with knowledge gained after the fact. That means that, in All Down Darkness Wide, the reader comes on a journey with me, experiences it as I experienced it, and begins to feel the fabric of the world fall apart. Because I found it hard to recognize the causes of my own distress, and the distress of others, I left unknowable things throughout the story, because those things were unknown to me at the time. That said, I began to see writing as a sort of excavation, drawing connections, moving through time and experience as a way of showing the hundreds of tiny things that might predispose us to instability. The ghosts in the book also helped: I could draw on examples of depression from my own life and the lives of people I have never met, conjuring them up in spectral form, and turning to them as mirrors, guides, and warnings.

MW: One of the most emotionally gripping aspects of the book was how you cared for Elias and the resulting guilt and fear that emerged during the process. One passage I find myself returning to is when you write, “There is no morality to depression, no way to apportion blame for what either of us did, but every day I felt that weight crushing down on me, tightening my lungs, making my breaths quick and shallow.” Can you talk a bit about your experience as a caretaker, about taking on the weight of someone else’s life in addition to your own?  

I realize now that certain sorts of empathy can lead to transference, and also that it’s very hard to take care of someone when you yourself are not being cared for.

SH: The difficulty of this experience was compounded for me by a number of factors: being quite young at the time (around 22 years old), being in a country where I had no support network, and being in love. All of those things meant that I struggled to see myself outside of my relationship to the person I was taking care of, and I quickly became subsumed by the task, giving myself over to it, and taking it into myself. If I was to be tasked with it again, I would approach it differently, mainly because I realize now that certain sorts of empathy can lead to transference, and also that it’s very hard to take care of someone when you yourself are not being cared for. Because of the way depression works, it felt impossible to “solve.” Trying to “solve” it was the most exhausting part, for me. I learnt my lessons the hard way, and if I had to do it again, I hope I’d do a better job.  

MW: Your memoir at times seems haunted by the touch of Catholicism, not only in a physical sense with the long-standing graveyards and abbeys you lived around, but also with the spirit of its teachings. What effect did religion and being surrounded by its influences have on you as you were growing up?

SH: All Down Darkness Wide begins in a cemetery, with cruising in a graveyard, in fact. It also follows a pilgrimage to Lourdes, and tells the story of an encounter I had with a trainee priest. Gerard Manley Hopkins, one of the principal “ghosts” haunting the book, was a priest-poet, and a closeted gay man. These touchstones became a way for me to work out my relationship to Catholicism. I was brought up only loosely Catholic, but I leant into religion as a child because I thought it could protect me, and that it might confer a sort of moral “goodness” on me. My mind is still rinsed with Catholic imagery and tendencies: a love of ritual, of incense, of cool church buildings, and gory iconography. But I realized later that none of my loves were inseparable from the Church itself: I could free them, and myself, from its grasp. 

MW: Throughout the book you discuss your experience of reading poets such as Gerard Manley Hopkins and Karin Boye during this pivotal time in your life. In what ways did their work speak to you at that time? 

When writing All Down Darkness Wide, I wanted to make the vessel beautiful enough to withstand the darkness inside it.

SH: These two poets—a Victorian English priest, and a queer modernist Swede—gave me and those around me a language for thinking about mental health, and about spirituality, that had eluded me until that point. They gave specificity to emotions, and the sense that someone else had been there before me, had felt similar things. When language evaded me, I turned to them as intercessors. They also acted as warnings not to repeat the cycles of history, and in doing so, they showed a pathway to breaking through the cycles. Karin Boye, perhaps the most severe ghost I have to confront in the book, made me think about two sorts of freedom: the freedom of invisibility and the freedom of distinction. For many years, I had chosen the former, making up fictions, making up lies in order to conform, to be invisible. The freedom of distinction is a difficult path to take, but I’ve found it’s the truest and most sustainable one. 

MW: You also explain how these poets as people were important to you. You write about how Hopkins went to great lengths to hide his sexuality and how Boye died by suicide after realizing she was in love with her dying friend Anita. How did you see the inner lives of these literary icons interacting with your own story as you were putting it on the page?

SH: These poets came into my life at different times: Hopkins, when I was much younger, and Boye when I lived in Sweden. I had never known that Hopkins was gay until I read his diaries, and I saw in those pages the lengths he went to to hide himself, to atone for his “sin.” I recognized something of myself in those diaries, though Hopkins was more extreme in his shame. After a time, I realized that we had taken similar geographic routes through life, too: he had lived in Liverpool, and then moved to Dublin, and I had done the same. So I encountered his presence as a sort of spectral glance, meeting him in various places, as though for a moment, time might collapse and bring us together. I had escaped from living the sort of life he had, but there was a guilt to it too, and part of me has always wanted to reach out across the years and save him.

Boye, as I say, is the most severe “ghost” in the book. Her story ends in a triple suicide. Her poems are brilliant, sometimes painful and hallucinatory, other times crystal clear in their vision of nature, and she too came as both a comfort and a warning. Both of their lives, and their writings, are like mirrors of my own mind at certain times, but they also act as guardians, showing me ways forward. I think of them as a sort of “chosen family” of ghosts—people from the past who are speaking to me, urging me forward, showing the path. 

MW: As I was reading, I began thinking about the depictions we often see in media about the tragic gay love story, a trope that predisposes unhappy and traumatic endings upon its gay characters. But even in its darkest moments, I found that you were writing toward hints of beauty. How important was it to you to weave in these elements of intimacy and love? 

SH: Part of me, in the early stages of writing this book, was concerned with writing another “sad” gay story. But the thing is, I couldn’t change life to suit the memoir. Still, I am always fundamentally concerned with beauty, with finding hope, knowing that these are things that are lost when our world is upended. If I don’t show you the romance, the light, the way things could be, then perhaps you don’t know how it feels to lose them. Likewise, if I don’t show you a path back into the light, you get lost in despair. I think it was Wordsworth (though I might be misremembering) who said that one of the things that the music of poetry makes possible is that it allows us to suffer things that we could not suffer in bare, stripped language. That idea was in my mind, too, when writing All Down Darkness Wide: I wanted to make the vessel beautiful enough to withstand the darkness inside it. 

MW: Toward the end of the book, you write about how you took on the homophobia you faced and made it your own. You also wonder, “How many times had I squirmed at [Elias’s] exuberance, afraid of him bringing us to the attention of straight people?…What had I passed on to him, what hurt had I caused? What if everything, all of it, was me?”

I found that passage so heartbreaking. Can you talk more about what it was like revisiting who you were at that time for the book, and whether it changed your view on that version of yourself?

SH: There were weeks, months even, in that time when I thought that I was the cause of all the distress myself and my partner was suffering. Partly, it was because I did not know the actual cause; but also, it was because I couldn’t see why my love wasn’t strong enough on its own to lift someone out of depression. Looking back, I understand that earlier version of myself more fully, and can extend empathy to him. Understanding him has also helped me to understand this new version of me, too. Revisiting that earlier version of myself was difficult, emotionally. All the experiences that had sedimented in my mind had to be disturbed, and for a long while I just had to sit in those murky waters and experience them again. However, after a while, I began to see patterns, to put those experiences into form, and to make something of them. That process has cleared my mind somewhat, and I hope that the book might offer a way for other people to do that too.  

MW: How do you begin to form conceptions of genuine, full-hearted love when queer life and happiness is often put at odds?

SH: It’s a tough question, and I’m not a guru on love by any means, but I think that the process of understanding ourselves, and empathizing with ourselves, is fundamental to loving other people. In the book, I talk about the armor that queer people have to build as young people in order to protect themselves, to help them “pass.” I also think we split ourselves in two: there’s the public version of ourselves (which is often straight-passing), and the truer version of ourselves. In an ideal world, dismantling some of that armor, and bringing the truer version of ourselves to the surface, is the first step towards wholeness, and happiness. Perhaps that’s the best place to begin loving from. 

A Doctor and a Scientist Write to Remember

Under a microscope, a virus looks like nothing; it’s too small for a conventional microscope to see. Under an electron microscope, coronaviruses look like a crown: a wide circle of membrane as the base and ornaments of spike proteins sticking up like precious jewels. Indeed, these proteins are precious to the virus; they bind to our cells and let the virus in.

A crown of sonnets, or sonnet corona, is a collection of sonnets where the last line of one poem, or a variation thereof, opens the next. Sonnets are poems 14-lines long, traditionally in a tightly controlled meter and with an end-rhyme theme; sonnets often invoke a volta, a shifting of tone or meaning, roughly halfway through, often after the 8th line and before the 9th or before the final couplet. The form is ancient, and subject to modern play and reinterpretation, such as the brilliant, playful, and devastating American Sonnets for My Past and Future Assassin by Terence Hayes.

So, it’s July 9th, and I’m sitting on my roof, a cool day in peak summer. I’m in the shade, and I’ve brought up a bottle of bubbly. There’s a good enough breeze, and my dog lies dormant on my leg. In the elevator, on the way up, a couple in my building asked, spotting the bottle of wine, if I was having a party.

“Just me, a bottle of bubbles, and a book of poetry. My favorite type of party.”

The book of poetry: This Costly Season, A Crown of Sonnets by John Okrent, announces itself pink and floral and full of natural beauty on its cover.

I’m part way through the book, my fifth or six reading of the collection, after having read a few of the poems published here or there.

I push my leg harder against my dog, and look out into my own perfect blue sky.

I open the book on the roof to the lines, “I toss my daughter / higher and higher into the faultless air / like any father.” I push my leg harder against my dog, and look out into my own perfect blue sky, the skyline of New York interrupted by the green of Prospect Park and the white of slow-moving high clouds. The air used to just be the air; now, in spaces like this, outdoors and alone, it has become faultless, as safe as air can get, and I take a sip of my wine.

John Okrent is a family doctor with a practice in Tacoma, Washington, about 90 minutes south of where I grew up in a small farming town. His crown of sonnets are titled with dates, if these can be called titles, evoking a journal, informal writing, or writing to the self.

The first poem: March 17, 2020.

The last: September 28, 2020.

Remember those days, those months? We may well not want to. We may want to enjoy our precious hours in our faultless air on our Brooklyn rooftops. Those times held so much beauty and loss: “And in all the dooryards, the smell of lilacs. / It was a gorgeous day today, and marked the fifty-second death / in the Evergreen State.” This incoherence of death and natural beauty flows through Okrent’s collection. It’s almost as if the beauty is there to spite the death, the death there to pollute the beauty.

Throughout, Okrent uses his linebreaks to destabilize, a reminder of those destabilizing days. “This may be the end / of irony,” comes on the next page; “and so tired / of the dead,” comes days later, April 4. Near the end, Okrent and his family dance in the rain until, he writes:

we were too drenched to distinguish
between bodies of water and bodies of air, ourselves
and our absent ones.

“Ourselves / and our absent ones.” Even in this moment of joy, laughter, lightness, the next line reminds us that those we lost are here too with us, grief within joy we have to accept otherwise all joy we have is a half-lie anyway.

Okrent was among the many essential workers who never were able to protect themselves from harm by staying and working from home.

As a doctor, Okrent was among the many essential workers who never were able to protect themselves from harm by staying and working from home. “Droplets cover me, probably,” he writes on March 18. On the 19th he remembers coming “Home from clinic” he “throw[s his] clothes / straight in the wash and get[s] in the shower / before he touches [his] wife and daughter.”

The tension between caring for others and caring for oneself, especially as a professional caregiver, extend and amplify the questions laid out before us all. “What I bring home with me: mortality / and an empty thermos.” The humdrum of daily life, the thermos that needs washing, heightened by the unknowns of a novel pandemic. The rest of us might well have clapped from windows, but what did it feel like on the other end of that applause? We often see Okrent on his commute to or from “clinic,” entering or exiting his world of care. In one arresting pair of poems, Okrent mourns the loss of an employee at his clinic, a guy who worked at night, cleaning, who “caught the virus, and died on his couch / last weekend.” Here, he reminds us that class and race render not all essential workers identical. Okrent, as a white doctor, is not at risk in the same way as the people of color who clean the clinic where he works.

So, it’s August 10th, and I’m back home now but not on my roof. I’m in my little home office, and work, after a cute lil Lisbon vacay, hit me like a train. Every day for the last 11 days one or two people in my larger social network have reached out to me for help getting tested, or after testing positive for monkeypox. They are in pain, unable to get help. I can help. In New York, at least, I know the places to get tested and who to email for treatment; activists and advocates and friends and lovers learn when vaccines will become available before the appointments go public, and the phone number to call for appointments after they run out. A friend who hosts a kinky party heard from another friend that community organizations release unused appointments back to the city at 5pm every day, so you may get lucky then. We, a coalition of advocates, mostly people of color, are trying to ensure the Black and Brown and Indigenous folks in our network are first in line for this info, because they’re been so shut out of access so far.

I think about John as a caregiver, and I think about my own history caring for friends, lovers, and family.

I’m tired, but I’m caring. Okrent is a family doctor, and he’s become something like a friend. In his book, we see him caring. Caring for his patients, caring for his young child, taking her on walks, playing, doing small domestic tasks that are required of a parent, or at least a good one. I think about John as a caregiver, and I think about my own history caring for friends, lovers, and family; I wonder if more men can lift into this care, can do some of this labor so typically expected of women.

I write to John, asking how he’s holding up. He writes back: “I haven’t seen any [ monkeypox patients ] yet but have a lot of patients who are concerned about it and I feel awful telling them, ‘no, we don’t have the vaccine yet,’ and ‘no, we don’t have effective treatment available to us here…’

I think about how many doctors who, in the face of a patient marked with skin lesions, didn’t care, didn’t test, or worse, ran out of fear. In the face of all this, poetry, writing, and care give me something akin to hope.

We look back to look forward. There’s something about the immensity of loss in early 2020 – and beyond it – that makes a full understanding of it seem impossible. Not just life was lost; how much did we all sacrifice? On May 24, 2020, Okrent writes of the New York Times headline naming 100,000 dead from COVID-19: “I can only read ten of their names before reaching / for abstraction.” The line break here, again, shifts the meaning precipitously.

And what is Okrent’s abstraction or distraction: The natural world. Throughout Spring, especially, the world is turning green, coming out of hibernation, blossoming, even as our lives turned internal. “New deaths” he writes, “like cherries filling up the trees,” on July 4. Flowers and trees show up again and again: “The wide cups / of the calla lilies are filling with rain”; “small trees / whose blossoms take a deeper shade of fuschia by the day”; “chartreuse of spring on the trees”; “wild poppies on the side of the road / like tiny monks in saffron robes”; “You are entering the medical record / of a patient who has died – red letters alert me from the screen. / The red of the rhododendrons this spring.” Even the book’s cover explodes in pink flowers.

Already in the lines I’ve cited above for other reasons, we see another of Okrent’s choices, one that places his work, I think, in a long lineage of pandemic poetry collections: playful rhyme, including half-rhymes, in his case nearly always internal rhyme. From the lines above: “road / robes” and “screen / spring” and “droplets cover me, probably.” Circling all the rhymes and half rhymes on the page leads to a book pocked with pen marks. Given the seriousness of the subject, these playful turns confound. And yet we did laugh, and play, even in those times.

The playfulness of his horror reminds me of the work of HIV-positive poet Thom Gun and his book The Man with Night Sweats. Gun was a formalist, writing intensely controlled lines with repeated number of beats and strict end rhyme patterns:

I wake up cold, I who
Prospered through dreams of heat
Wake to their residue,
Sweat, and a clinging sheet.

My flesh was its own shield:
Where it was gashed, it healed.

They ask to be read out loud, to find the rhymes and meters on the voice, and readers should indeed do this

While Okrent’s rhymes fall most often in the middle of lines, and his meter is varied throughout the poems, his sonnets maintain a similar sing-song quality when writing of the worst horrors a body or mind can experience. They ask to be read out loud, to find the rhymes and meters on the voice, and readers should indeed do this; feel the words on the body, and let the body release some of what it holds from those horror-filled months.

I wonder about Okrent’s writing process: how much of these poems were written on the day advertised, and how much of that writing was worked and reworked later in revisions. This playfulness may indeed be a product of both, I imagine, projecting my own sensibility as a writer onto the page. But in those original moments in 2020, why even write, if not to play at the end of the long day of caring for others?

I hope Dr. Okrent allowed himself that joy, even in those dark floral months of that first spring.

He gives us a hint, on a poem from July 18, that some things were just too hard to write in the moment, because writing something terrible can make it fully real in a way we aren’t yet ready to accept. “Today we euthanized our dog. / And by today I don’t mean this one but another / now distant enough that I can write it: he is dead.” When I first read these lines, they knocked the wind from my chest. I have a dog too, and although he is only two years old, I think every day about how loving a dog also means that you will have to mourn him when he goes, as he’s almost certain to go before we do. The lines are remarkable, the ones describing the dog’s death, in their simplicity amongst a book lined with rhyme and enjambment. “Today we euthanized our dog,” and “he is dead.” No play here. The sentences simple, declarative. Devastating. The lesson: if you can’t write what you need to write on July 18, 2020, you can always write it later. And grief, laid out in plain, sparse language, is enough to communicate grief in all its horror.

Life doesn’t stop, until it does.

Another horror: The way this pandemic keeps on coming. Still. Today. And Okrent’s crown, or corona, is essential here. The movement between poems is never arrested, as the last line of one day starts the next. The reader is invited, constantly, to keep going, to keep going, to wake up, to live another day here on these pages. Like life. Like catastrophe. Life doesn’t stop, until it does.

Okrent asks what exactly the sonnet can hold. His crown plays with first and last lines, and many poems don’t have a formal volta, but actively resist one, doubling down on the original meaning without the relief of a change in glace, a punchline, a reconsideration. These are often poems of the first consideration, an embodied place we are not allowed to escape from. One poem, from May 24, has only 13 lines, and so breaks even the 14-line rule. The last word of that poem? “Nothing.” He writes, “But look up: small birds breach the everywhere surface of the air, sing, and want nothing.” With this virus, the air is our danger. How beautiful would it be to sing and want nothing? And the answer, an impossibility, is the last missing line of the poem, one I think we as readers are asked to write in its empty place: How did you live in this time? How will you live in its wake?

Here is my confessional moment in an essay reviewing confessional poems: Dr. Okrent – John, as I know him now – reviewed my own essay collection for the New York Times. Wait: is it confessional poetry when a man does it, and a doctor? I was nervous to read his review, and had to remind myself where I’d seen his name. Ah yes! A pandemic poem published in Ploughshares, posted on Twitter. I was expecting the review to be mixed, or to read a book I hadn’t written, which happened more than once in the trade reviews we received. But no. Dr. Okrent, John, read exactly the book I’d written, with precision, with grace. And when I read his collection I understood. Our books, kissing cousins. Poetry by a doctor. Prose by a scientist. Asking us to remember. Imploring us to see. Looking out at the beauty of the world. Looking in at the beauty of our lives, where they were full of love. And so, to complete the echo, I write to him here.

A doctor and a poet? What a long history there is of this pairing. I will mention William Carlos Williams, but I will quote Rafael Campo’s poem “SILENCE = DEATH”:

Today, I see his T-shirt and I think
he isn’t taking all his antiviral meds,
the countless pills he piled on my desk
to silence me, my T-cell counts and viral loads
detectable at greater than one hundred thousand,
the silent viral particles that swell
to numbers more than even we will count—
I pause, and shift a moment in my chair;
I ask, “How many loved ones did you lose?”
“I can’t count them” is his response. “But one
left me this stupid T-shirt when he died.”

All we have is a doctor and a patient, two humans facing one another.

Both Okrent and Campo write about the limits of human medicine: pills don’t work if you don’t take them, vaccines don’t work if they don’t exist. All we have is a doctor and a patient, two humans facing one another. “Our logic is love-flawed” writes Okrent. Campo’s work reminds us of the aftereffects of a pandemic: the trauma that stops you from saving your own life. Okrent writes the original trauma, to help us recover from it.

“I can’t wait,” Okrent writes, “for a time when I say ‘this’ / and you don’t know what I mean.” We’ve had a few this-es since then. This: virus, invasion, inflation, war, no sleep, another virus. It’s books like this that try, at least, to show us what our this-es mean; without searching for meaning, we can never heal from pain.

So, let’s go back in time: It’s July 18th, and I’m sitting outside at a seafoam green table sipping a cold brew with whole milk and catching a breeze here too. I’m in Portugal, in Lisbon, at a coffee shop that has 2 euro cold brews and 2.5 euro pints of beer. I want to work out later, so I’m drinking the former. The day after we arrived, the US dollar reached parity with the euro for the first time in 20 years. It’s all coming together! It’s hot today, but not uncomfortably so. The 11 days of messages and DMs from friends are days in the future. I’m not yet back from vacation, not yet hit by a train of work that I know is coming. This is my first trip outside the country since late 2019. I’m answering texts from dear friends, one about COVID rapid tests and how the test signal intensity estimates infectiousness (probably fairly well, with caveats) and another about trying to get a MPV vaccine. I’m supposed to be on vacation. I am on vacation. I’m writing about coronavirus. I’m writing about poems. I’m writing about the Spring of 2020. All that really happened, and is still happening. Reality is ruining my vacation, but it’s better to live in reality. And there’s plenty of joy here too. Squawking, five parrots fly by, cutting from the left of my vision and away at my right, just below where the horizon meets the sky. Today, I will drink wine. Tomorrow, I’ll go to the beach, turn off my phone, read another depressing and beautiful book about the world we find ourselves in. It’s not fair. It’s all we’ve got. Tomorrow the sun will shine on my shoulders, and it will feel good, just like any other sunny day, on the ocean, facing a light salty breeze.

Lust, Rivalry, and Ambition Culminate in a Betrayal at an Elite Art School 

Set on the idyllic New England campus of an elite art school called Wrynn, and situated against the backdrop of the Occupy Wall Street movement, Antonia Angress’ debut novel Sirens & Muses is an exemplary depiction of what can occur at the intersection of art and adolescence. This coming-of-age novel follows the lives of four main characters on a journey of love and lust, desire and rivalry, ambition and betrayal. Louisa Arceneaux, the timid but observant scholarship student with real potential, doesn’t know what to make of her new roommate, Karina Piontek, the striking but intimidating prodigy of wealthy art collectors. But Louisa can’t help but be enticed by Karina when she discovers her own face drawn within the pages of Karina’s notebook. On the other side of campus, Preston Utley, the anti-capitalist blogger who’s not afraid to ruffle a few feathers, can’t resist goading visiting professor and political painter, Robert Berger, whose own reputation is hanging by a thread. After Preston puts himself on Robert’s radar through a social media shit post, the washed-up artist is determined to not be upstaged. 

In time, each of their paths are unexpectedly thrust out of Wrynn’s sheltered college campus and into the cutthroat art scene of New York City, where they find themselves fighting not only against the art world’s elite and the grinding gears of capitalism, but also each other in order to make a name for themselves. 

I had the pleasure of connecting with Antonia Angress over Zoom where we discussed what it’s like to exist in liminal spaces, how class impacts art and who gets to create it, the complexity of bisexuality, the queer female gaze, and more.


Sam Dilling: In a class assignment, the Wrynn students are instructed to “paint home.”Louisa Arceneaux, one of the novel’s main characters, who has just left her home of Louisiana only twelve days prior, paints a somber scene of Lake Martin at dusk. Later in the novel, Louisa looks back and grapples with the fact  that she’s had to move away from home in order to be able to “see it clearly.” Have you had a similar experience?

Antonia Angress: That question is interesting to me because home, to me, feels very complicated. I’m an American citizen but I grew up in Costa Rica and I attended a French international school from K through 12. Growing up, I was constantly shifting between three different languages and three different cultures. As a result, I’ve always felt rootless and, in a way, stateless, even though I am a citizen of a country. I’ve lived in a lot of different places, but nowhere has ever really felt like home. I think home, to me, is more people than it is a place. Added to that my family is Jewish, and my grandparents were Holocaust refugees. Jews are notorious, historically, for being this stateless, rootless people—this ethnic group that’s always having to flee and is never able to put down roots. 

That experience is obviously different than for someone like Louisa, who does come from a persecuted people but whose family was able to put down roots and become embedded in a place. But I do think that, regardless of whether you have a strong sense of home, it’s this universal experience to grow up and leave your family and begin to see them differently than when you’re a child. For Louisa, that’s true.

SD: A large portion of the novel is set against the backdrop of the Occupy Wall Street movement while America is in a recession. This movement informs the lens through which the novel is viewed, particularly as it relates to the student body of Wrynn College and who gets to create what. The Occupy Wall Street movement is also the point around which one of the main rivalries in the novel orbits. Did you always know you wanted to include the movement as part of the novel? Was there something about that movement specifically that appealed to you?

AA: It happened pretty organically. Occupy Wall Street happened when I was in college—in 2011, I was a junior. [The movement] was my first experience with American protest culture. It resonated with me because it encapsulated a lot of the anxieties that I and my peers [were] feeling as we came of age into the great recession. Even though it fizzled as a movement, I think it had and continues to have enormous impact on today’s progressive politics. I think we wouldn’t be talking about things like universal health care or universal basic income were it not for Occupy. Occupy pushed a lot of people to the left, myself included. 

As I wrote the story, Occupy became a bigger part of the narrative. Partly because at the time, it felt all-encompassing. A lot of the Occupy stuff that I saw on campus was, in a lot of ways, juvenile and performative. That was something I tried to put in the book for the comedic factor, but also because I wanted to illustrate different aspects of the movement as I perceived it. 

There were people participating who made it feel very urgent and important and compelling; and then there were people who were just camping out at the university where their parents paid $50,000 a year for them to attend.

SD: That economic inequality is on display throughout the novel. Louisa is on scholarship and works in the school cafeteria, where we see her weighing the cost of art supplies against the cost of meals, while Karina Piontek, Louisa’s roommate, and Preston Utley, Karina’s boyfriend, both come from wealthy families. For Louisa, money, or the lack thereof, impacts her potential future as an artist. It becomes obvious early on who gets afforded the opportunities to create art at all.

AA: I think art is hugely informed by class. Art takes time. In the case of visual art, it takes material resources: paints, canvases, sculpture materials, paint brushes. Most people who go to art school have had some prior instruction. Those are all things that cost money. To me, it seems disingenuous to leave that at the door. Add to that, the art world itself is driven by money [and] the spending power of collectors, who are often millionaires and billionaires. Many collectors, I’m sure, deeply love art, but sometimes you’re buying this painting because it’s a stock pick. It’s an investment. I think it’s a problem when culture is produced by one group of people. When marginalized people can’t access the space, or the resources that they need to create, It makes for a culture that’s flat and homogenous and that ultimately results in an echo chamber.

I also think it’s connected to geography, which is connected to class. You can probably tell through the novel, I get very annoyed at this idea of regional art or regional literature. I think art and literature in the U.S. are very coastal. Art coming out of New York or LA is considered art with a capital A, but art coming out of New Orleans, which is a place where I used to live and has a very vibrant art scene, gets called “regional art.” But New York and LA are regions, too. All art is regional. That bothers me because New York and LA are some of the most expensive cities in the world, so the people who can access them, those social networks [and] professional networks, are people who have the capital to do so. It comes back to class, and an elitism that at its core is provincial. 

When I was a younger writer, I struggled with the idea that I needed to be in a certain place to be a writer, and that real writing came out of certain places and not others. If there’s one thing that [I hope] people [take] away from this book, it’s the knowledge that there’s no right way or place to be an artist. I say this is a writer who has been able to forge a writing career in the Midwest, which is decidedly unfashionable. Minneapolis is not what people think of when they think of the capital of art or literature, but it’s a place that has been nurturing for my work, because it’s a place where I don’t feel like I’ve had to struggle to forge a career.

SD: At the core of this novel is a bisexual love triangle between three of the novel’s main characters—Louisa, Karina, and Preston. The POV weaves us into and out of these relationships, which begin on the Wrynn college campus and progress through the later acts of the book which take place in New York City. Did you always know you wanted to explore this type of relationship in a novel?

AA: That was another thing that evolved over the course of the novel, I definitely didn’t sit down and say, “I’m gonna write a bisexual novel.” I identify as bi, but I didn’t publicly come out until I was in my mid-20’s. For a long time, it was something that I had a lot of shame and anxiety and confusion about. The period of my life when I was working on the novel—the first half of my 20s, and inching up to 30—was also a time when I was coming to terms with my sexuality. It felt very natural to me to explore the feelings I was having, and the questions I was asking, through my characters. 

There’s no right way or place to be an artist. I say this is a writer who has been able to forge a writing career in the Midwest, which is decidedly unfashionable.

Once I decided it was going to be a bisexual novel, that was a creative breakthrough. I was interested in writing about that experience, because there’s not a lot of fiction that directly addresses bisexuality. I feel like we’re living through a boom in fantastic queer fiction right now, but there’s not a ton of writing about not being quite straight, and not being quite gay. I’m someone who spent a lot of time in liminal spaces—between languages, between cultures—just because of my upbringing. I was interested in excavating it and naming what I felt on the page. 

When I was younger, it literally did not occur to me that you could be bi. You either liked boys or you liked girls, because those were the only two depictions I’d seen in literature and movies.I was living in a very Catholic country. My family is pretty liberal and we’re Jewish, but I was in that shame-y environment. I honestly think if I had read one book with a bisexual protagonist where it was presented as not something shameful, then that would have saved me many years of grief and anxiety.

SD: Your novel was recently featured on Electric Lit’s list of “The Most Anticipated LGBTQ+ Books for Summer 2022,” but even on that list, none showcased  bisexuality so specifically as your novel does. Is there anything you hope your novel lends to that conversation?

AA: I hope more people who privately identify as bi talk about it, because there’s no one way to be queer. One thing that’s been interesting to me, as a straight-passing queer person, is I’ve met many other women who identify as queer and also ended up in very happy marriages to men, but feel like there’s this part of their identity that’s hidden. Which is a way I think a lot of bisexual people in straight relationships feel. I hope there’s more conversation about that experience and how strange and disorienting and joyful it can be.

SD: On the page, we see that stark difference in these relationships. The romantic dynamic between Lousia and Karina is much different than the romantic dynamic between Karina and Preston. What was important for you to depict? 

AA: Being attracted to a man and being attracted to a woman are different experiences, at least for me. They feel different. I think when you’re bi and when you’re in a relationship with a man, which I am, it’s easy to follow a script. We know what a heterosexual relationship is supposed to look like because we’ve been bombarded with cultural depictions of it. It’s easy to fall into a role that’s already been written for you. 

That’s something Karina struggles with in the novel. Between two women, there’s less of a prescribed narrative. Or at least the narrative hasn’t been etched into the collective consciousness as deeply as straight narratives. There’s a lot more freedom there and a lot more negotiating power dynamics, which I wanted to depict. These two women who, at various points in their relationship, have a different kind of power over the other and where the power dynamics are constantly shifting.

SD: We see those power dynamics on display  when Karina eventually sits as  Louisa’s model. When that relationship is explored with a male character and a female character, the dynamic is much different than when it involves two females. I’m curious how that applies to what we refer to as the  male gaze. What happens when we look through a woman’s lens instead?

AA: A lot of it goes back to what I was saying about prescribed narratives. If you’re a woman growing up in the West, the male gaze is ingrained into your consciousness. There’s this quote by John Berger that I love that goes, “Men look at women. Women watch themselves being looked at.” There are many moments in the novel where Karina, in particular, is experiencing herself through a man’s gaze. It’s constricting, but she gets pleasure out of it. 

‘Do I want her? Or do I want to be her?’ That’s a dynamic that is embedded in the female gaze and, particularly, in the queer female gaze that can be as fraught as it is pleasurable.

With regards to the female gaze, I think it’s untethered from that straight-men-look-at-women narrative. There’s a lot more freedom in it and it takes for granted the woman’s agency. That’s why a movie like Portrait of a Lady on Fire—which was hugely influential for me and for this book—is so powerful because it illuminates an alternative to all these narratives that we’ve been fed. 

[I’ve] been a model for my husband and many of his art pieces. For me, it’s never been anything but a joy to be able to collaborate with him like that. But that male artist, female model narrative is something we’ve seen 1000 times before. It’s easy to inhabit that role, because I know what it’s supposed to look like. One thing I wanted to explore with the female gaze is experiences that I’ve had with women where I look at them and I’m attracted to them. But there’s also this rivalry or jealousy or competition that’s mixed in with the attraction. Like, “Do I want her? Or do I want to be her?” That’s a dynamic that is embedded in the female gaze and, particularly, in the queer female gaze that can be as fraught as it is pleasurable. It’s what I wanted to explore and contrast with the male gaze—what it’s like to experience both. To feel joy and pleasure at both, but also feel scared or constricted by both.

SD: Speaking of that duality, I feel like we also see that in how you explore male ego versus female ego. In the novel, the men’s egos, particularly Preston’s and Robert’s, seem to be more on display externally, whereas the women—Louisa, Karina, and even Ines—are much more subtle and reserved and nuanced in their displays.

AA: Sometimes I wonder if part of that is because it is socially acceptable for men to be outwardly egotistic. But when women do it, there’s a backlash. I can think of women writers, or women artists, who’ve been accused of being arrogant or egotistical for being secure in their abilities. I wonder if women’s ego often turns inward-facing because there’s no socially acceptable outlet for it.