The Unavoidable Intimacy of Interpretation

An excerpt from Misinterpretation by Ledia Xhoga

I was fifteen minutes late and his phone number was out of service.

Even in late January, Washington Square Park pulsed with the energy of summer. The chess players were fretting over their moves to the sound of Gershwin. The saxophonist’s Great Dane was pining for the dog run. It was Alfred who had suggested meeting here, next to the statute of Garibaldi, a name that brought to mind fragmented pieces of Italy glued together. It was an old mnemonic from high school; Garibaldi was responsible for Italy’s unification.

But Alfred was nowhere to be seen. Two men on a nearby bench didn’t match his description. He’d be alone. The agency sent photo attachments, which I rarely bothered opening. It was easy to recognize my clients from the look of expectancy, the humble bearing, the wear and tear that showed on their faces and bodies. That his phone was out of service was odd. Had they sent me the wrong phone number? The sound of footsteps. A toddler with squeaky shoes bumped into me, followed by her father and an excessive apology. Two boys holding a minidrone scurried toward the empty fountain. An elderly man was checking his watch. Could he be Alfred? He was far from the statue. Had he given up on waiting for me at our meeting spot? The man looked in his sixties. According to his file, Alfred was only in his early forties, just a few years older than me. Was it his preoccupation with his watch that made him look older? He hunched over it the same way my grandfather used to while winding up his Volna, a watch he’d bought in Moscow in the fifties. I walked toward him. Where was his phone, anyway?

“Alfred?” I said, relieved that I managed to put the accent on the second vowel, the Albanian way. “I’m sorry for being late.”

He straightened his back and waved his arm forgivingly. He did look younger from up close. His face seemed stuck in between expressions. It reminded me of an unfinished Rubik’s Cube we kept around the house, which I could never resist trying to solve.

“I was worried you were waiting somewhere else,” he said, rubbing his sunken eyes. “I saw another woman over there and thought it was you.”

“Is your phone out of service?”

“It stopped working this morning. I don’t know why.”

“Is your dentist around here? Shouldn’t we get going?”

His answer sounded muddled. The translation agency that employed me had been sending Kosovar Albanians my way. Their accent was different from mine. It took me a few seconds to get used to it, for me to understand the words immediately. We walked under the Arch and headed toward the street. I was hoping the dentist would still be willing to see him—we were late for our 6:00 pm appointment. While looking for their number on my phone, I felt a tug on my arm. Alfred was holding on to my elbow.

“Be careful.”

An SUV had run a red light. It was speeding away now, only a few steps from us. That he was a survivor of torture flashed in my mind again. I didn’t know what kind of torture it had been and was not allowed to ask for details. When his hand slid down my arm, the goose bumps surprised me.

The dentist was only a ten-minute walk from the park. We walked there silently and at some distance from each other, like a couple who had just quarreled. In no time at all, we were filling out paperwork. On a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being the highest rating, how would you rate your dental health? On a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being the highest rating, where would you like your dental health to be? The questions struck Alfred as ridiculous. He opened his eyes incredulously and shook his head in disbelief. He then jutted his chin toward the papers, giving me full power of attorney over his dental history. Judging from his reaction, I opted for the lower numbers. He nodded in approval. Still hoping that some questions might resonate with him, I kept reading aloud.

“Do you brush your teeth in the morning or at night? Or both?”

He was indifferent, eager to dismiss such useless formalities to deal with a toothache that had kept him up all night. He gave a deep sigh as if to say, It’s true that my dental hygiene and genetics have contributed to the state of my teeth, but do they need every single detail? Realizing there were many more pages to go through—the pile on my lap did look intimidating—he glanced around with doubt. What kind of dentist would make us do all this?

“What would you change about your smile?” I asked.

The answer consisted of several options. I had trouble interpreting the last one. Smile makeover.

“Smile transformation,” I fumbled. “Changing your smile completely.”

“Pick that one,” Alfred said without hesitation.

It was the only answer that he chose on his own. Afterward, he smiled, which frightened me. His features widened but didn’t soften, as if he were smiling against his will. He had chosen the right option after all.

“Are you ready, lovebirds?” said the receptionist, who looked tired and was massaging her shoulder.

When we stood up, she smiled in a forced way, like Alfred had earlier. Show less gum, one of the options from before, sprang to mind. She didn’t ask about insurance or payment information. We were an after-hours charity case. She led him to the back, ignoring me. She didn’t find me necessary now. The dentist would have his answers by looking at Alfred’s teeth, presumably, or at the paperwork I had completed. Waiting around random offices was the least favorite part of my assignments. Not knowing what to do, I sat back down. In the aquarium tank to my left there were no fish but several odd creatures; they were translucent with a hint of hazy gray, and long antennas.

“They’re ghost shrimp,” said a young woman sitting on the other side of the aquarium. I hadn’t noticed her till she spoke. “When they’re about to die, they turn white.”

She pressed her finger to the glass, pointing at a half-white creature. “He’s on his way out.”

She wore soft curls under an olive beret and a velveteen cape jacket in chartreuse. A long skirt of a faded material hid her knees and feet. Her appearance clashed with the bland surroundings. I had the impression that, in some mix-up of fact and fiction, she had stepped out of one of those thirties films my husband was always watching. Finding the office underwhelming, she had then zeroed in on the underwater world of the aquarium.

“It’s kind of creepy,” she said and pouted.

The receptionist tapped me on the shoulder.

“Your husband wants to see you.”

“He’s not my husband,” I said quickly. “I’m only his interpreter.”

“Oh, sorry. Could you come in the back?”

The back room was small and crowded with gleaming white machines, rather enormous for repairing such small objects as teeth. Alfred and the dentist were standing motionless to the side of the chair. The dentist looked like a late teen, but she had to be older—she was a practicing graduate student. She kept her hands in her scrubs’ pockets and threw puzzled glances at the patient whose language she didn’t understand.

“He doesn’t want to sit,” she told me, her face taut. “Can you please tell him to sit in Armenian?”

“Albanian.”

“Yeah.”

“What’s going on, Alfred?”

“I’ve never liked these machines.”

“It won’t last long.”

“These machines scare me. My father used to have to force me to sit.”

“Look, they numb you here. It doesn’t hurt like back home.” He didn’t move.

“I promise,” I said. “They do the work, but you won’t feel it.

It’s amazing.”

It took a few seconds, but Alfred did sit down in the end. “If he’s in any pain,” said the dentist, “tell him to raise his hand. I will numb him soon.”

I explained that to him, but when the drilling started, Alfred did nothing, even though his left hand kept trembling.

In Tirana, when I was a kid, they used to do our fillings and root canals without numbing. The dental office was inside our elementary school. The school dentists were two attractive women, who, in my memories, didn’t wear scrubs but blue, flowing dresses. They’d pop in and out of our classroom, calling out our names like Odysseus’s mermaids, charming us into an adventure, away from our tedious lessons. It was only later, when the drill touched a nerve and my screams echoed through the school’s hallways, that their appeal waned. Despite all that, I had never feared the dentist. Among all types of pain, physical pain was the easiest to forget.

Among all types of pain, physical pain was the easiest to forget.

“I’m sorry,” said the dental student to Alfred. “I touched a nerve.”

Alfred’s body slithered on the chair, but he didn’t make a peep. Then he sort of shriveled, reminding me of an Albanian expression I hadn’t thought of in some time—U bë sa një grusht—He became small as a fist.


There was, at times, an unnatural intimacy that developed between myself and some of the people I interpreted for. Disclosing personal and confidential information in front of someone played a trick on the brain, making us both believe we were more than acquaintances. But the amount of time we knew each other, and the context of our meeting, didn’t justify such closeness. When Alfred’s filling was over and we were walking toward the reception desk, he reached for and held my hand. It was an ordinary gesture, a substitute for saying thank you, or thank God, it’s finally over. His hand was chilly. I warmed it with mine. Holding hands with my clients wasn’t allowed. Still, when it came to most rules, one had to use judgment.

The vintage girl was still in the reception area. I admired her meticulous makeup, her hairstyle, her unique clothes. How long did it take her to transform herself into a movie star from the thirties? I, too, often longed to escape my ordinary look, to disguise myself behind a colorful façade, or to try out a personality. But it was all a fleeting fantasy. I didn’t enjoy making a fuss over my appearance, not even occasionally. I took less time than my husband to get ready. People assumed I was athletic, an erroneous impression suggested by the sporty, no-fuss clothes I preferred. The girl sighed in an exaggerated manner, then twirled her hair. She really did resemble one of the stars in the movies my husband watched.

“Do you speak any English?” I said to Alfred when we were outside.

“Where would I learn it? Everyone around me in the Bronx is Albanian.”

We walked back toward Washington Square Park, now at the mercy of a cutting wind. Even from a distance, I could make out the green benches under the hooded lanterns, where Billy and I used to sit many years ago. I hadn’t been in that park in years, since we first started dating. As Alfred and I passed the old Hangman’s Elm, my younger self flitted away to an alley on Crosby Street, ending at a bar with latticed windows and flickering candles. There used to be a French singer inside, wearing an off-the-shoulder evening gown with a daring front slit. She sang melancholy songs and played an old-school accordion. The most unusual aspect of her attire was a headlight hat she shone over the audience. Was she still there? Was the bar?

“I need an interpreter for my visits at the psychiatrist,” Alfred said. “I haven’t found anyone I trust.”

I hesitated. Sitting through his therapy sessions wouldn’t be easy.

“I know we just met,” he went on. “But I trust you. I don’t trust many people.”

Alfred had brown eyes. They were comforting and kind. I had never, till my husband, dated anyone with light eyes. Billy’s eyes were green. They could be clear, as a flowing river. At times they were turbulent, with darker shades of hazel.

“I need to talk to someone. I haven’t been well.”

“I’ll do it,” I said.

He flashed his smile again. His face was an acquired taste and I was getting used to it.

“Do you want to get a beer? I know a good place in the Bronx.”

It had been a long time since I’d been out alone with a man who wasn’t my husband or even with one who was. The past was suddenly at an arm’s reach—a casual invitation followed by a feeling of lightness, curiosity.

“I should go home.”

Then Alfred shook my hand, thanked me, and left. What would his night be like? He’d take the stairs up to his silent apartment. Open the door in the darkness. Cut vegetables on a wooden board before sliding them into a boiling pot. I saw myself sitting at his table, as his guest. He put on some music. Focused as he was on cooking, he ignored me for a while. He then turned around, refilling my wineglass while fixing me with his gaze.

I walked toward the subway, only then realizing we were going in the same direction. He was a few steps ahead of me. My feet halted, if only momentarily, on his elongated shadow.


Alfred reached out via email.

My psychiatrist said that your psychological training for interpreters is about to expire. You need to take a refresher course, she says. An imposition on your time, clearly. Will you do it? You are someone I trust. Isn’t it funny how it goes? You can spend years with someone but never trust them. Or you can, in a second. They are strict about rules in America. Too many people here. Do you remember how the dentist wouldn’t even look at my teeth without having us sign a hundred pages? Another thing is that I’m married. My wife’s name is Vilma, a woman from Tirana, like you. Our baby, a girl, will be born in one month.

I used to be afraid of my father. Children know everything. He loved me, he did, but things never worked out for him. I had vowed never to be a father. Yet, here I am. Vilma, my wife, can’t wait for the baby. The psychiatrist says that having my wife interpret during the therapy sessions is not an option. Relatives are not allowed. The training is only forty hours. Would you prefer to take it all in one week or in two weeks? Here’s a link to the registration. Can you go ahead and register?

If you can, for which I’ll be grateful, I’ll need you to sign some paperwork. You will need to scan and email it to the organization that sponsored my recovery. Can I stop by your office tomorrow?

Thank you!

A.

The nondescript, rectangular construction in Gowanus was built especially, it seemed, with the intention of splitting it into as many offices as possible. Mine was the smallest division, not much bigger than an average closet outside of New York City. There was little room to spare besides a small desk and two chairs.

Alfred was early, but he didn’t text to tell me. The door suddenly framed his lone figure, the low-hanging shoulders and gaunt face. When our eyes met, he raised his hand in a greeting.

He had cropped his hair and shaved, revealing a crooked mouth that bent further when he smiled. He had just returned from an interview for a security guard position, he explained. In his navy suit and burgundy tie, he looked the part.

“You’ll get the job.”

“Ishàlla.”

He pulled out the paperwork for the training from his backpack. We both signed it. I went to scan it in the copy room. When I returned, he had made himself comfortable in the corner chair, where no one had sat before. He dug through his backpack and handed me a bag of Albanian mountain tea sprigs.

“Vilma’s father brought it from Albania.”

“Let’s have some.”

“You can keep the rest. I brought it for you.”

He rubbed his hands to warm them up. I turned on the space heater. As I brewed tea in the building’s common kitchen, I tried to picture Alfred’s wife. What kind of Albanian woman was this Vilma? Was she beautiful in an uninteresting way, partial to gaudy clothes, and a touch arrogant? Was her life’s dream to become a TV presenter, a model, an influencer? There was an easygoing aspect to Alfred, a kind of passivity that certain high-spirited women might grow to despise. Or was Vilma—laid-back, modest, soft-spoken, surprisingly unharmed by the injustices around her—the sort of woman who found purpose in suffering, especially her husband’s? All my theories were in vain. Alfred still carried an aura of mystery about him, so how could I speculate about his wife? At first glance, he gave the impression of someone who was used to doing menial jobs, but then the more we talked, the more I got the sense he was well-read, maybe an autodidact of sorts. There was a spiritual side to him, too. It was easy to imagine him as a medieval monk, wearing a long tunic tied by a rope at the waist while assisting the poor. But, no, Alfred wasn’t a monk. He hadn’t learned to detach and observe; he was still suffering. That night at the park, he had appeared mysterious, but the bright lights of the dentist’s office had revealed his terror. He could barely handle a smile, let alone choose a wife. It was much more likely that it was Vilma who had chosen him and not the other way around. Sure, Alfred would have had to propose, but Vilma had pulled the strings.

When I returned with the teacups, the office had turned dark. It was one of those winter days when the night veil descended over the city without warning. The warm air from the heater had fogged up my only window. The distant lights above the barge-mounted excavator near the canal appeared as smudges on the glass. Alfred sat quietly. He hadn’t even taken out his phone, like people do. He was staring at my chair, as if he were in the middle of a conversation with another, invisible me. When I turned on the desk lamp, he recoiled. Then he winced, covering his eyes with his palm.

“I don’t like bright lights either,” I said, attempting to excuse his reaction.

Alfred lowered his hand. Then he looked past me and toward the door. That other me sitting in front of him had just walked out. He continued to sit in silence, glancing at a print of Berat’s castle on the wall, then staring at a photograph of my parents. His attention forced me to study my father’s eyes, his closely cropped silver hair, then my mother’s careless bun, her piercing eyes. The faces stirred a sharp longing I tried to push aside.

“Maybe we’ll have no trouble sleeping tonight,” I said, pointing to the teacups. “This tea is relaxing.”

“I’m having trouble with insomnia,” he said. “When I sleep, I see terrible images.”

I was hesitant to ask about the images, but he told me about them himself. “They’re mythical creatures,” he said. “But the features are mixed up. I’ll see a zebra with a human face, with wings and patches of fur. The weird body parts terrify me. Vilma says I should remember they are not real, but who could get used to such nightmares?”

His most remarkable feature was his eyes, I decided, and that hint of kindness they left behind. It was easy to worry about Alfred once one had made eye contact with him.

It was easy to worry about Alfred once one had made eye contact with him.

“I saw Cerberus yesterday. Do you know it? From Greek mythology?”

“No.”

“I used to read Greek mythology when I was younger. He’s a three-headed dog that guards the gates of the underworld to prevent the dead from leaving.”

“Where are the dead going?”

“To spy on the living.”

This was a joke, it turned out. He grimaced, revealing a gap between his teeth where the left canine used to be. It was kind of touching, like spotting the demolished wall of a house. Aware of my glance, he pursed his lips and rested his chin on his palm. Alfred had long eyelashes, whose shadows now reflected on his hollow cheekbones. He was following my movements with his eyes, as I ran my hand over the steam or placed my teacup on some printouts. He rarely blinked. Under the dim light, his bony face reminded me of a clay bust, still rough and unfinished.

“Thank you for doing the training for me,” he said. “As I said in the email, it means a lot.”

“How’s your wife?”

“Impatient.”

“Have you decided on a name for the baby?”

“My mother’s name. Roza.”

“Is your mother back home?”

He nodded.

“I wanted to bring her here,” he said.

“Will you?”

“I can’t. Since my father’s death, she doesn’t leave the house. I guess she’ll never come.”

I became aware of my facial expression, then of the need to shape it into something neutral. But maybe it was the effort that gave me away. Alfred was now studying my face with renewed interest.

“Odd,” I said, with barely any emotion. “My mother is the same.”

A scenario from my childhood played in my mind. We had made plans to go out of town. She had participated willingly, even excitedly. At the last moment, she announced she wasn’t going.

“I’m sorry,” Alfred said. “Is she alone?”

“She is. My father passed away.”

“My mother is alone also. We pay someone to do her shopping.”

He ran his hand over his black hair, which glistened under the light.

“I’m awash in guilt,” he said, pointing to his chest. “I’m having a baby. My mother will barely see her. My daughter won’t see the worst, thank God, but neither will she know the good things from back home. Do you have children?”

“No.”

“Not yet,” he corrected me.

I didn’t tell him that Billy and I had only discussed the possibility of having children abstractly, that we were both ambivalent about it.

“My father comes to see me sometimes,” he said. “Every summer, a moth lands on my hand. For the longest time.”

We were alone in my office and perhaps the building; everyone had left for the day. And yet we were whispering, like children who had found a hidden nook to share secrets. His chair was wobbly—it creaked when he leaned back. The space heater hissed, then stopped. A noisy truck outside shook the windows, giving me a jolt.

“So, this therapist,” he said, doing his best to smile. “She might help us both.”

From some recess of my mind, a sentence awoke. If the interpreter’s circumstances resemble the client’s, do not accept the assignment. “I don’t need any therapy,” I said. “We’re going there for you.”

Alfred nodded. “Yes, of course.”

He touched his cheek with his fingers. His skin had warmed and reddened. He held the teacup with his other hand. “I do love this tea,” he said, bringing it to his lips.

What he said, about the therapist helping both of us, stayed on my mind. The most prudent thing was to cancel our upcoming appointment. But that meant he would have to postpone his therapy till after the birth of his baby. Becoming a parent opened the doors to the traumas and unresolved issues of childhood. Even he could sense that would be the case.

An Albanian folk song broke the silence. Alfred’s phone. “Excuse me. My wife.”

He rose at once and left the room to take the call. He stood outside the glass wall of my office, turning his back on me. It had taken some effort to reconcile that image of him as a solitary figure, waiting for me in the park, with that of Alfred, a husband and father to be. Albanian men typically got married early, giving in to their family’s pressure to create a family. Why had I imagined him single?

“I’m sorry I have to leave,” he said when he returned. “But maybe I don’t have to right away. I’ll tell Vilma there was a train delay.”

“It’s getting late. You should go,” I said, not knowing what to make of that unnecessary lie.

“In a few minutes.”

We resumed drinking tea in silence.

“Have you been in therapy before?” I asked.

“Once, for a short time. You?”

“No. Never.”

Before leaving, he reached for my hands. His palms, calloused in parts, and soft in others, were warmer than mine. I closed my fists inside the cocoon of his knotty fingers. I felt the uneven surfaces, the different textures. Our handholding lasted only a few seconds, but the sensation in my fingers persisted, as if he had left behind some message for me to retrieve later.

“I think I should go,” he said, and reached for his black coat. “We can walk to the subway together. Are you leaving?”

“Not yet.”

Once he left, I turned to the translation of a refrigerator manual into Russian and Italian. Locking. Unlocking. Auto mode. Fast cooling mode. Fast freezing mode. It was mind-numbing work. Most people dealt with an appliance for years without knowing what it was truly capable of.

A text message from Alfred. Sweet dreams.

I felt the pressure of his hands on mine. Then I heard his voice. So, this therapist. She might help us both.

9 Books Set in the Countryside

Growing up in the countryside is not a romantic idea to me: it was simply where we lived. But the sense of being connected to a particular place, to feel that I have a home village, a place where my ancestors are buried and where I go to remember them, is probably no longer a common thing, at least in my country, where most people live in towns and cities.

I wrote the novel Pearl while living in my home village Tilston in South Cheshire, near the river border with Wales. I grew up in the village, and the local myths and stories that appear in the book are all ones my mother told me as a child. The skipping games are ones we sang in the village school yard, and the songs were all favourites of my mother’s. Although the novel creates its own parallel universe that runs alongside my own memories, it does borrow from a real place and time.

At the time of writing, my mother had recently died, and I had moved back to my village to look after her in her last illness. I turned back to the Medieval poem “Pearl” and to my story as a way of expressing how a landscape can come to feel inhabited with loss. Every hedgerow, every lane or seasonal change felt charged with my mother’s absence, or connected to one of her stories.

In this article, I tried to choose books to recommend where the landscape is full of emotional importance to the characters, and where the day-to-day life on farms and in villages is not romanticized, but simply told from the insider’s point of view. In all of these books the setting becomes a central character who can impose its will and its sensory immediacy in the same way a character might do. In all of them the setting has a kind of depth and richness that comes from the layers of stories and myths and memories that the characters in the stories experience as a part of being in that place.

Here are books set in the countryside where the landscape is a kind of character in its own right.

The Summer Book by Tove Jansson

Set on a tiny, rocky island, The Summer Book was Jansson’s favorite of all her works for adults. In it, an older woman artist and her granddaughter negotiate their relationship to each other and to the island where the family always spends their summer months. The place is rocky, mossy, weather-beaten and well loved by its summer inhabitants. They watch the first flowers appear, accidentally slice a worm in two, fall in and out of love with cats, observe the midges dancing in the full moon, and argue about God, the Devil, superstition, and the correct way to respond to a ‘Keep Out’ sign.

Foster by Claire Keegan

A young girl is sent to spend the summer with relatives on their farm in Ireland. The story begins with the child and her father travelling to the farm, and ends when he collects her at the end of the summer, so the child’s life before she arrives, her home, mother and siblings are all related incidentally, through her reactions to her new environment. The life of the farm, the smells, sounds and textures of the indoor and outdoor worlds, the different foods she eats, the animals they care for, the fields they tend, the behavior of the loving foster parents, are all seen from the child’s unfolding point of view, and the secret lying behind the farm’s warmth and kindness is revealed as the child uncovers it, piece by piece.

As I Walked Out One Midsummer Morning by Laurie Lee

Laurie Lee’s account of his childhood in a tiny village in Gloucestershire, told in Cider With Rosie, is full of rich sensory accounts, but this later story of his first travels through Spain as a young man trying to pay his way by playing violin and dependent on the kindness of strangers, is equally vivid, with the added sting of an outsider’s response to the poverty and oppression he observes on the eve of the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. In one section he describes people harvesting a field as if the field of wheat was the ocean, and they are moving through it like bright fish.

Twelve Words for Moss by Elizabeth-Jane Burnett

This strange mixture of poetic prose and musical poems moves across the world observing the resilient, surprising, and ancient life of mosses. The moss becomes the narrator’s teacher as she negotiates her way through the loss of her father, and tries to absorb the reality of a world without his presence. The survival of this strange life-form and its many adaptations throughout evolution becomes her touchstone for persistence in the face of grief.

Riambel by Priya Hein

The world of Riambel is one split between rich and poor, where the same place means very different things to the different people living there. The narrator lives on the margins of a beautiful place, scratching a living as the daughter of a servant, with little hope of breaking into the parallel world of her employers. The sounds, smells, tastes and textures of the place, its different locations and the way the different characters’ worlds are tucked inside the same landscape wrap the reader in the many layers of the world of Riambel.

Boy With a Black Rooster by Stefanie von Shulte; translated by Alexandra Roesch

The countryside in this story might be medieval, or it might be dystopian, or mythic, but whatever it is, it inhabits the story as strongly as any character, and stays in the mind long after it is read. A clever, neglected boy and his pet rooster set out to solve a serious problem, spurred on by the random kidnap of a young girl in front of his eyes. He leaves the narrow confines of his home territory, and confronts the evil at the heart of the mystery. Although it has elements of fairy tale in it, the evocation of the land, the forests, tracks and villages and the day-to-day conditions of survival make it more like a post-apocalyptic quest.

Down and Out in Paris and London by George Orwell

This might be an odd choice for books about the countryside, as it starts off with life in the kitchens of various eateries in Paris, and then moves to London, but much of the second half of the book sees the narrator walking from town to town to claim a night’s lodging, part of the constantly shifting tribe of homeless men left to ‘tramp’ from place to place as they are not allowed to stay more than a night at any of the hostels along the way. Forced to live in the open air, the narrator feels all the realities of weather, hedgerow, field and lane in desperate close-up. The countryside is seen as something to survive, a series of obstacles, and a way of life. Hills are there to be climbed, trees to shelter under, the spaces between towns measured in shared tobacco and the wearing down of boot leather.

Drive Your Plow Over the Bones of the Dead by Olga Tokareczuk; translated by Antonia Lloyd-Jones

This is essentially a murder mystery set in a remote and fairly inhospitable region in the mountains on the border between Poland and the Czech Republic. The narrator is a wonderful mixture of witch, fortune-teller, animal rights activist, recluse, and incorrigible writer of letters to people in authority. There is plenty in the way of clues, misdirection, and intrigue to keep the detective fan engaged, and the setting is vivid in all its seasonal variation.  

Tom Lake by Ann Patchett

Set in a hard-working cherry orchard at harvest time, this novel does not romaniticize the life and work of the countryside, even though several of its characters do just that. The day to day routine and annual pattern of farm work, its relentlessness, physical demands and uncertain returns are beautifully written.  It’s a lock-down story, and a story of changing climates and changing perspectives on this from one generation to another, and a story of what it means to be at home, on the planet, and in the orchards of our childhood.

7 Boundary-Pressing Books That Rethink the Narrative of Pain and Chronic Illness

Pain fractures. 

It fractures bodies into camps of health and malfunction. It fractures time into I probably can and I simply cannot. It fractures trust in the medical system. It fractures relationships, careers, bank accounts, hope. 

In writing The Body Alone, form and content needed to reflect what I have experienced as the cyclical quest of a body tangled in pain for nearly two decades. By leaning into hybridity, I could capture the devastating—though often invisible—rift pain caused by activating multiple voices, various literary elements, scholarship, research, theology, and philosophy to carry the weight of an increasingly complicated story. 

Broken bodies tell broken stories. Or, they can, at least. Mine does. I find that hybridity beautifully accommodates chronic pain and illness narratives by offering flexible space in which to unravel intricate narratives. This reading list honors the boundary-pressing books that in their hybridity expand and rethink the narrative of chronic pain and illness. 

Portrait of a Body in Wreckages by Meghan McClure

Portrait of a Body in Wreckages traverses the biological systems of the body by calling to the surface the body’s function and, at times, dysfunction. Meghan McClure notes, with exacting brevity in micro-reflections and poetic essays, the parts of the body where one might want to linger—its corners and pockets—as well as the parts chronically left behind—skin, fingernails, saliva, piss. Acknowledging the body’s porousness alongside the small violences it endures, McClure beholds pain as a reminder of occupancy in our own bodies and in this world. 

Pain Studies by Lisa Olstein

To read Lisa Olstein’s Pain Studies is to look over the shoulder of the author as she gathers, researches, interrogates, dismantles, absorbs, and critiques cultural and literary histories of pain. Blending lyric essay with poetry, Olstein teases out the distinctions between acute and chronic pain while affirming that pain itself is an unknowable condition except by the person, and in the moment, it is being experienced. Unique to this luminous collection is the way Olstein grabs and attaches to the paper those fleeting moments of the experience of pain marveling how, even now, years later, the arrival of pain still manages to surprise. 

The Cancer Journals by Audre Lorde

The Cancer Journals documents more than Audre Lorde’s experience with breast cancer and mastectomy. By expanding selected journal entries with critical essays, Lorde, a “Black lesbian feminist mother lover poet,” accounts for the tangled emotional and intellectual journey women face in illness and pain. Confronting the anger, pain, and fear that surrounds diagnosis, treatment, and recovery, Lorde uses her own experience of cancer to illuminate but also push back on the lack of proper care and personal models for survival and recovery. This slim collection captures the brilliance of Lorde’s poetic mind and tender beating heart.

Ava by Carole Maso

Ava unravels, sentence by sentence, the ecstatic mind of Ava Klein, a 39-year-old woman on her last day alive. Maso devotees will recognize, and gravitate towards, this unconventional novel that leaps and circles its way through a blur of memory and actuality, poetry and prose, consciousness and reality, imagination and emotion. Driven by desire and grounded in the search for meaning, Ava articulates the mind of body that has reached its conclusion. 

Voice of the Fish by Lars Horn

The Voice of the Fish reads like a current. With ease and purpose, Lars Horn navigates the sometimes fluid other times solid borders and boundaries of the body: their own body, bodies of water, the animal body. Horn identifies and gives language to the complex way the body exists as a locus of tension and an ever-evolving contradiction. Part memoir, part essay, a blend of scholarship and criticism, entirely poetic and gripping, The Voice of the Fish widens the banks of river by expanding our collective understanding of what it means to tell the story of body. 

What Her Body Thought by Susan Griffin

Susan Griffin refuses the silence of illness by electing instead to honor the redemptive power of the witness. In What Her Body Thought, Griffin vocalizes the experiences of pain as a means to maintain agency and validate the invisible. Nausea, Nails, Knees: slipped between sections of memoir are collections of micro-essays that evoke dawning awareness of the body. Space, Paper, Wave: these sections capture the voice of a child’s body, a social body, and an erotic body. Pulse, The Honey, Song.

Tender Points by Amy Berkowitz

In the same way people in pain can’t help but press fingertips against the sore spots, Amy Berkowitz admits they can’t resist the impulse to solve the riddle of pain. The arithmetic is this: to be diagnosed with Fibromyalgia, patients must experience discomfort in 11 out of 18 identified places. The micro-essays in Tender Points similarly act as points of contact; they exist as tender points of reflection, refusal, and critique. Berkowitz stares down the ghosts of their past and uses art to reclaim their presence, their voice. (CW: rape and trauma.)

“Mettlework” Wants Us to Rethink the Currency of Motherhood

In her memoir, Mettlework: A Mining Daughter on Home, Jessica E. Johnson writes “a story that has room for men who get things done” and “women who make-do and ask for little.” It’s a story about growing up in various mining camps, interwoven with her transition to parenthood in post-recession Portland, Oregon. But at its heart, it’s a story about motherhood, what is means to create a home, and what society determines valuable.

In Johnson’s world, hard tangible things like gold and silver held value; thus, her family made homes around these things. More abstract things like caring for others and making a home comfortable—things Johnson’s mom did and what Johnson does for her children many years later—come secondary.

When an archive of her childhood arrives via email from her mother during the early weeks of postpartum, Johnson begins to see how the bedrock images of her isolated upbringing have stayed with her.

Married to a third-generation Alaskan fisherman, having uprooted myself to live with him and relinquished my career to raise our children, I saw parallels between my life and the narrator’s mother. Reading this book felt very resonant as I reflected on my contributions, both inside and outside the home, and the worth of motherhood in a capitalistic world. 


Summer Koester: What was it like to pour over your mother’s letters during her times in the mining camps—places without help, running water, and help—while you were just a few weeks postpartum?

Jessica E. Johnson: Growing up and in my twenties, I had a lot of ambivalence about being a mom, and even after I knew I wanted a family of my own, I carried that uncertainty with me. There was less public writing then about ambivalent motherhood, and I sometimes felt freakish in my feelings and unsupported as my actual self in my actual circumstances. My mother’s letters opened a window onto the past-before-memory; both what happened, and a sense of my mother’s account taking shape. I sensed that some of the contradictions I was experiencing were set up by the past and the narratives I’d received about it. I had an inkling, too, of the ways in which the life into which I was born was emblematic of larger social narratives. The experience started me down this path of investigation that became Mettlework. 

SK: So much lip service is given to mothers who sacrifice their careers to stay home and raise children. But when the rubber hits the pavement, we live in a capitalist society, and there is no capital in mothering. Most do not consider parenting “work” and, therefore, it deserves no compensation.

You write, “A different currency is required.” Can you elaborate on that, or what another currency would look like?

JJ: I used the word “currency” there because I’d been working with this language of metal and capital throughout the book, but in fact I’m a socialist, and I think the real answer to this question is working toward a society (or many small ones) with the capacity to value land and people and plants and animals beyond their ability to be exploited. To me, the call for a new currency in this passage is the simple recognition that the current form of capitalism reaches into every part of life and fails to value that which is most precious. This is a simple thing to know and not an original insight on my part but still a difficult thing to live with here and now. 

The current form of capitalism reaches into every part of life and fails to value that which is most precious.

There are large-scale policy changes that would make a huge difference in perception of value, things like the right to healthcare, housing, and a fully funded education, and the orientation of all of these away from profit and toward the idea of widespread and balanced thriving into the future. Some low hanging fruit might be decent parental leave for both parents and something like an expanded child tax credit. 

However, value is a social proposition, which means people can always create some sense of value simply by recognizing each other and fostering the spaces in which recognition is possible. Inclusive literary and learning spaces are important to me for this reason. So are the writer-mom text threads that get me through day to day. 

In your question, I also note the ways in which naturalism and gender attach to carework. The idea that gestating, birthing, and raising children is a matter of instinct and nature for women, is an idea that has made the biology and labor of pregnancy, birth, and childcare invisible. One can see this in public discourse about abortion: educated people are deeply ignorant of many basic obstetric and gynecological facts. I want to think this mythology can change, first through awareness. 

What does it mean to recognize and value the work of raising people—or the work of study, or of art-making—in the communities where we have the most influence? In individual workplaces? In friend groups? In families? Recognition and re-valuing can start anywhere. And part of change might be simply the awareness of living in deep contradictions.

SK: You write about pursuing a “workmanlike identity” that might “feel masculine and purposeful.” How does pursuing such an identity square with the role of mothering that you are naturally drawn to? How do you reconcile your role as the self-sacrificing, virtuous mother similar to the one depicted in your mother’s handbook for mothers and that of financial contributors?

JJ: When I was younger, I was definitely more drawn to the workmanlike identity–it was the primary, consequential role in the very small places where I grew up, and I think people who know me might say I still carry some of this identity. 

As union members who work in the same (public) sector, my husband and I have generally maintained balance in the earning and caregiving. Membership in a union has been crucial to my ability to do this, and even to occasionally flex toward writing or additional caregiving when necessary. This is why I have thanked my local in both of my recent books–without the contract and its provisions and protections, I’m not sure I could have written them. 

In Mettlework I was attempting to walk a difficult line: of reckoning with the internalized misogyny in my own desire not to become a mother like my own mother, but also thinking about the construction of the mythology around (white) maternal virtue and creative self-sacrifice. How much of this self-sacrifice is inherent in parenthood, how much is a deeply problematic myth that upholds the colonial family, and how much is reinforced by laws, policies, and practices? In my own thinking, I acknowledge that some elements of this problem are probably in the nature of being a parent, while trying to stay aware of myths that can be exposed as such and structural forces that can at least theoretically change. 

As one example, as a wealthy society, we could have a functional childcare system that allows parents to work if they want to and children to thrive and childcare workers to be paid decently. This is possible, though perhaps politically far-off. But there are also smaller scale and interpersonal ways for everyday people to begin undoing this knot in which having children means diminished public participation.

In my own life, I think I reconcile these roles by recognizing that the gendered splitting of capacities in the nuclear family structure is ultimately not something I want to reproduce.

SK: You write: “Everything would work out, she was saying, if I could be endlessly fluid, endlessly gentle, addressing my needs by finding a way to need less.” Then you add, “Things would be fine if–for the first time—I could find a way to be more like her.” How has that belief shaped the way you parent and exist in the world?

Taking care of people is a form of expertise rarely recognized as such because the scale is small and because it has been seen as women’s work.

JJ: In that passage, I’m trying to figure out the diaper question—what kind of diapers to use—which stands for the larger question of how to fit the baby into lives already complicated by art and illness (two time- and energy-consuming factors that don’t pay). In this moment, I’m deeply resisting the idea of making things work out by giving up my job and sort of living in the moment like my mother did. In fact, I continued to resist, though I had some reprieve in the form of job-sharing periods (when I wrote much of this book, and another). I have been harder edged than she was. I insisted on maintaining some boundaries around a sense of what I need to do, both as a worker and as a writer. This has not been easy. Like many women I know, and men who take hands-on parenting seriously, I often feel torn apart by competing demands. On the other hand, I think it was pretty much impossible for me, personality-wise, to do what my mother did, and I’m sure that would have been profoundly challenging in other ways. 

SK: Either by choice or expectation, your mother asked for little and managed with less. Later in the book, you describe how fish sacrifice their lives to reproduce:

“They keep going, I thought. Their bodies start to decay while they’re alive. They keep going. They are a vehicle for the next generation and nothing more and it’s okay. They change and change and change and then they die.” 

What parallels, if any, did you see between your experience as a mother and your own mother’s?

JJ: I remember having some moments early on in which I had the sensation of inherited memory, the sense of what women before me survived. Each of us here is here because of a chain of women giving birth and raising people in what had to have been incredibly hard circumstances. 

It was important for me in writing this book, even as I’m looking hard at the social role she occupied and some of the ways she made sense of her life, to honor my mother’s labor, her writing, and just who she is as a person. I hope to have done that. I wanted to reckon with the situation I was born into. At the same time, I felt that disavowing this past completely would be–ironically–a way of reproducing it. It’s easy to say, “that’s not me,” but something in that move reminded me of my parents’ unquestioned practice of picking up and moving on from one mine to the next, forming minimal relationships with the places they were. 

One connection to my mother—though maybe not a parallel—is that she created and preserved this home that was often a place for wonder, creativity, and rest. She could do that by keeping a kind of mental barrier between the household and the outside world, an avoidance that I believe caused me harm. In writing this book, I sometimes came to think of the work I have tried to do in public–especially in my teaching–as a way of bringing the acceptance she showed me outside the family unit and into an open-access educational space. I have made different choices than she did; I also wouldn’t be able to do anything I do without the benefit of her responsiveness and care. 

Possibly a more direct parallel is that the unpredictability of my husband’s illness sometimes requires of me a kind of responsiveness that is not unlike my mother’s. She had to shift according to the mine and my father’s career, and I often have to shift and scramble according to the health needs of my partner and children. 

SK: In one passage, you are talking to your daughter and say: “I can’t watch you dreaming around the house and forest, talking to trees, embracing your brother, twirling for the sake of twirling, without remembering all the forces, outside and ahead, that will work to separate you from yourself, that will whisper that your beauty can be measured according to a standard, that your body can be ignored, that your time and brain are without value except as the means for someone to accrue profit, that your ability to see and hear and care for others is, at best, worth minimum wage.” 

There are so many things to unpack here. Why do we undervalue caring for others? How do we evolve from attaching a price tag to our worth? How do we begin to value more intangible things like caring for others? Can we?

JJ: In this part, I’m stating my determination to pass on a worldview different from the one I inherited, a way of looking at things that could sustain my beloved child, even in an uncertain future. I was thinking that might mean a sense of herself that would keep her whole despite all she might encounter. 

Part of that worldview requires putting care at the center. Taking care of people, holistically, in an intimate way is a form of expertise rarely recognized as such because the scale is small and because it has been seen as women’s work. I conjecture that this has to do with centuries of misogyny and probably colonialism—but I’m just a poet. Taking care of oneself is maybe undervalued, too. Society is structured in ways that often require people to override or ignore basic needs and make real care very difficult to get. I wanted everything good for my child, and as parents do, I considered the fact of her miraculous. Her being was (and is) precious to me. And while of course change begins the moment a person is born, I wanted to pass on an account of the world in which life–including her life–is in fact precious. 

I think we evolve from attaching a price tag to our worth in social formations that can recognize non-monetary value and engage in resistance to notions of purely market-based value. Resistance can mean many things. Not everyone has the same options when it comes to activism. And political situations are always fluid, so the forms of resistance should be too. However, I see this question of value as fundamentally a social one. We can value care in community and as an act of resistance. This sounds super serious, but to me this is also about laughing for real and seizing joy where you find it and feeling greeted and seen and known–and being able to take more risks because you know there are some people who have got you. 

When I think about everything I just said in relation to my mom’s life, I note that her physical isolation often made community very difficult. Still, I see it as almost impossible to do much of anything alone. 

Weeding My Garden, and My Sentences, Through Pain

Digging Out Bells: A Summer by Afton Montgomery

A day of summer

My right foot is a right foot in the garden in a black Croc no socks in a great deal of pain. 


A day of summer

Neuropathy, the confusion of nerves, comes in a slew of colors. Indigo. Lemon. A cold lavender and a hot marmalade. I don’t walk to the public pool on F and Blake or up Howard to see the peach poppies blooming the size of dinner plates. I don’t lounge in the stalls of peppers at the farmer’s market or wander the arboretum or take myself running or hiking on Moscow Mountain, the place that returns my friends in this town to sanity multiple times a week.

I’ve lived in Northern Idaho for two years, but given what the disease has done to my connective tissue, I’ve never had reason to go up the mountain, and I probably never will,which is not a thing I’m supposed to say because I ought to narrate my body into healing. Language has the capacity to capture a state a person has never experienced, of course, but it’s my imagination in this case that’s unable to stretch to meet the words. 

I’ve never been well; I don’t know what it feels like to have a body that’s not in pain. 

I have a handicapped badge for my car that I renew every six months at first, and then later only every three years, as permanence sets into my body. I’m still afraid each time I hook it to my rearview, afraid of who might scowl at me in the parking lot as I rise to my feet, my twenty-eight-year-old but unsteady feet, my feet that have lost the ability to regulate what impulses move from them to my brain. 

My desire with sentences is to translate something true. 

Nerve pain, in all its colors, is ultimately a failure of communication—the sending of a warning message from the foot or elbow or neck to the brain when nothing external warrants that message. Pain is a somatic experience that the brain sends back; pain grows from the brain, shooting outward as prescribed by mixed signals—a faulty call and response. 

Trying to justify my body will always make my sentences too long. 

At home, I try to write better sentences, if try means: run the sink, make a cup of tea, stare from the couch at the pine out the large front window over a closed laptop or no laptop at all. Better sentences would be staccato with certainty. Instead: languishing trails of narrative that run in slow loops. 

I take my body to the yard, where the limey green that’s crept over our raised bed, which stretches from one fence to the other, is not something I planted. A weed, with shields for leaves. 

Pain, in my body, does not come in the color green.


A day of summer

I’ve never been well; I don’t know what it feels like to have a body that’s not in pain.

Where I grew up in Colorado, we had no creeping bellflower yet, but we did have roses, which Mom did not plant and did not love. For parts of every year, the bushes got so spindly that they’d wrap the mailbox, and the postal service would refuse to deliver mail—cutting us off from the outside world until we dealt with the “dangerous conditions” of our home. Mom does not have the right kind of hands for roses; her fingers are twice the width of mine, masculine and covered in scars from hot glue guns and kitchen burns. She’d use the French knife Uncle sharpened every Christmas to hack the bushes down to their stumps, both aware she was only encouraging their growth and temperamentally unable to take a daintier approach. When, every few years, she tried to dig them up, she never got much more than thorn gouges in her neck and the backs of her hands. 

Mom and I have a disparate relationship to pain. She never notices when she’s sliced into herself or charred her wrist red on a saucepan’s edge, every nick a source of disembodied entertainment—Well! Look at that. —and then ambivalence. Meanwhile, my body curls around its center, collapsing floorward when I use its joints too much in a day for standing upright or twirling a wooden spoon. Even wordless, my shape hosts the femininity of complaint. 

Another long sentence: Our pains are different, of course, but I can’t keep from comparing us—Mom has the strength of her family’s men, while I arrived waiflike, like the wisps of my patriline’s girls. I practiced her approach first, taking a kitchen knife to the tops of the bellflower plants colonizing the garden. It wasn’t sharp. The weeds keeled over but hung on at their hinges by threads. 


A day of summer

Just as any body that can do harm, creeping bellflower is deceptively pretty, with light purple buds slumping like a wind chime along one side of its stems. Its near-lime green leaves ruffle in any breeze. The weed thrives in heat and cold, drought and monsoon. Last year this time, I’d pulled the bellflowers a handful of times already, and I had a deep tan from the 6 or 7am garden waterings that often took two hours or more. The tomatoes and the cucumbers and the broccoli and the thyme were always so thirsty. 

This year, it’s rained near every day in June, and the Weather app’s flood warning decal has settled in for the season at the top of my phone screen. It’s 47 degrees. The back of the yard has leapt skyward in bellflower and nipplewort, which hadn’t made the fall from the raised beds to the lawn yet this time last year. 

The internet says the bellflowers will eventually choke out every thread of grass from the fence to the house and that it’s all but impossible to eradicate. Bellflowers are electric, nervous and strange. Most gardeners write that the only effective method is to dig up every single thread of the plant. It has thick, carrot-like roots, though, which live a foot or more underground, and thousands of white hair-thin ones that tangle in every millimeter of soil above and below. Even a half centimeter of root or leaf left behind will regrow the plant, and if they’re allowed to flower, each individual can release 15,000 seeds to the wind. 

I get out a trowel and the rusted kitchen mixing bowl my partner Adrien has dubbed our yard bowl. I set them on the stone wall that wraps the raised bed of bellflowers by the fence and, because Adrien is working, slowly walk the push mower in rows around the lawn. I think: I’ll clear the scene of grass before I get to the real work with the weeds. I’ll prepare the stage for my experiment. 

If my body were manual, the sentence would be: I mow the lawn

Instead, electrified and glitching, the sentences go: It is, by far, the most walking I can do in a day—more than the most—but I can’t stop myself. I can walk more than I can walk in a day. I reread the sentence. That’s correct. I can walk more than I can walk in a day, just like a credit card. Tomorrow: debt. Horizontal. My ligaments and joints. Before I’ve done anything at all with the weeds, I return the trowel to the garage, collapse in the shower, and cry my body to sleep. 


A day of summer

The employee at the hardware store’s garden department has a body like Venus of Willendorf, a thing I like about them. A pre-mullet they run their hands through and run their hands through. What do you know about creeping bellflower? is what I ask them because there are these blue and yellow delphiniums in the greenhouse that look like giant sweet corn, and they’re all I want. There are these feminine, soft pink larkspurs I’d like to plant without condemning them to a slow choking death by the weed. 

That’s rapunculoides, Venus starts. I don’t know if I have the creeping kind, but… They start to walk away. 

Oh, no. I don’t want them is what I say, as quickly as I can. I have them. Everywhere.

I wonder if anyone before has come looking for my weed, has paid money for impossibility. 

Later, outside the store, my knees and feet shoot through with pain as the lip of the horizon starts sucking the sun back toward the wheat fields. Into my trunk, I load up a pot for my ancho pepper and no delphiniums. 

I ought to narrate my body into healing is something I said some other day just like this day. It’s an echo of what I’ve been told. Maybe, though, I’d find more relief in just handing over the yard to the weed, learning to love the matte dangle of its bells. Sometimes I do talk to my foot, ask what it needs. What I’m not saying is I ought to make peace with my pain. But I’m not not saying it either. 

Just as any body that can do harm, creeping bellflower is deceptively pretty.

Alone in the car on the short ride home, I throw up my hands. 


A day of summer

Now I get up at 3:45 or 4:45 in the morning because I’m afraid I’ve forgotten how to write a sentence in my dissolution. Clauses pile up around me. I’ve been getting sicker this summer, palpably so, and spending hours sitting on the tiled bathroom floor—which I crawl to from the bed—with my jawbone resting on the tub’s edge. Sometimes the cold ceramic can pull me back from puking. The light before the sun comes is blue, paler than the blue of Didion’s grievous blue nights, her gloaming, but more so in what it promises than truly in its shade. 

Shade is not really what I mean. Shade, which has to do with a color’s proximity to light, to white, is too neat for this; the morning’s blue is more cyan than the night’s—ultimately a disagreement of hue. 

Mostly, I’ve quit em dashes. 

Mostly, my sentence structures still are painfully the same. 

Commas. Qualifications. The word which, whose appearances I go back through and delete and delete until they are few enough to bear. 

My body is only my body until I have to describe it.

This time of morning, my stomach picks a point in my esophagus where it would like to turn itself inside out. It sticks a pin there to remember the crease, irons it with heat. 

I put on the kettle and collect my trowel from the garage. The yard bowl sits. Over hours, then days, I fill it with roots of the creeping weed. I dig in the blade and shake soil clods loose. With a fingernail, I part the floss of the bellflower’s root from the black clay. 

In the bowl, the pile of leaf and white dries and collects dew and rain and dries again. I burn a slew of sports bra and tank top straps into my shoulders, turning my top half into a Sherwin Williams strip of sunshine. 

The sentence, getting clearer, is I know something of compulsion. 


A day of summer

A man who managed to get the weed out completely after four years of daily effort from spring till fall is labeled a wild success story by one blog’s comments section. A woman who’s given the same effort for ten still has stalks unfurl from the soil. Sisyphean is the sort of task I like to assign myself. Pain, anyway, can easily be a seed of purpose if only you do anything at all in response to it. Anything at all and response are definitively and importantly not the same as remedy and defense. 

Adrien and I go to the fish truck that crosses the whole state of Washington from the coast to reach Moscow every Friday, and we pick out salmon and tuna and eel from the coolers of crushed ice. We roll sushi rice and fish in seaweed all day; we tuck the yard bowl in the collapsing garage, and when our friends fill our yard with their warm noise and cans of beer to eat, the soil of the raised bed behind them looks rich and dark. Open. The two sage bushes I’ve planted with hope are soft in their furry green, and for a night, we are unmarred by the lightning of my feet and my weeds. 


A day of summer

On Wednesdays and Saturdays, I drive to a barn seventeen miles southwest, into wheat and lentil fields, where artists make and sell our work. I switch from throwing with a stiff chocolate clay that makes my fingers and neck and ribcage lock up, mechanical, to a white porcelain that’s thin and butter-like. My body can no longer manage the weight of something hard to move. 

Now, I make bowls at the barn that look like the bodies of poppies; I pull their petals up and split them by hand. I stain them red-orange with oxides and frits. If thin enough, porcelain lets light come through once it’s fired, like real petals, but not like the clunky petals of the bellflower. A doctor once suggested that using a kick wheel and getting my hands in clay each day would be integral to my body accepting treatment for its disease. He said my cells needed the regulation earth can give. The few other potters who work in the barn mostly hate my finicky porcelain, but the softness of a new bag—twenty-five pounds I still can’t pick up on my own—turns my hands back to hands around it. 

I crave these things that give my body back the malleability of a body. 

Water does the same, presenting me with lightness, so I lie in the bathtub twice a day for two hours each, grading students’ papers and giving my bones a chance to float. Some days, when I am not taking doctors’ suggestions about grounding then wading—when I instead have something to prove to myself about both my pain and my tolerance of it—I remain in the tub after I’ve pulled the plug, feeling every ounce of my weight return to my frame, leaden, while the water takes itself from me. 

Today, I drive myself to the public pool to watch the teenagers flip and belly flop with pride from the diving board, and I stand in the water, interlacing my hands in the warm field of my hair. Today, I let the pain take itself from me instead. 


A day of summer

                    Pain punctuates.

                                                                            In strange places. 

                                           Refracts. 


A day of summer

I watch myself punish the body in small ways or play out games like this months-long fight with the bellflower. I call the body the body and refuse it the communion of my. 

Something about compulsive acts rings not of goodness but of penance, and perhaps that’s the closest, just now, I can reach to the correct sound. 

After an early morning pulling roots, I go inside and tweeze my bikini line one single hair at a time on the tile floor. The thinnest of them hurt the most, clinging to the tiny pores from whence they come. I do not wish to inflict injury on my body. I do not wish to inflict injury on my body, only to engage with any power at all in the conversation it and I have every day about what is tolerable and what is possible. 

It’s not that I don’t know I’m practicing harm. But the body is loud.

I go back to the yard; I talk to the knotted, thread roots of the bellflower. At the far end of the lawn, its leaves—those I haven’t touched yet—flicker and glow. A fragment of the sentence is trying to change our narrative, the narrative we’re building, but I don’t know if the sentence’s subject and verb are “I am” or “we are” or “the weed is.” 

Together, perhaps we might come up with something more kind. 

I do not curse the weed. I compliment its tenacity and adaptability, the way it can make flowers from soil that’s almost entirely clay. I do this aloud. I ask if it might be willing to lend the space it occupies to some flower more delicate, less independent. I start every sentence in the paragraph with I and have to remind myself to listen for the response, even if I is important here, returning a voice to my voice. 

Still, accord or amity with pain cannot depend upon ignoring the pain’s sound. 

Might the weed be willing to trust that the seeds it’s made will still come up in more rugged places, will be freer, if it lets this one alone? 


With the same tweezers I use for pubic hair and eyebrows in the house, I sort through the soil, plucking tiny root pieces my hands have left behind. I pile them into the steel bowl where they can commune. 

The one time I mistakenly toss a worm into the bowl with the rest, I follow through on the terrible impulse to dump the whole thing soil-ward—saving the one at the cost of the whole. The ground, if it is to be healthy, needs the slick creatures’ aerating movement. If I am ever to be able to harvest some of the clay in this soil to turn into bowls for soup and mugs for tea in the artists’ barn out in the middle of the wheat field, the worms’ castings must first aggregate its particles.

How much work I’ve undone. 

But the sentence presses in. Unless this, too, is part of the work. 


A day of summer

The yard bowl sits through every day in the sun. When I walk it, finally, around the side of the house to the street, stalks shoot from its sides. Even with the heat. Even though it looks bone dry on top, a cow patty, the bellflowers have made something of their shards and grown from steel.

What I’m not saying is I ought to make peace with my pain. But I’m not not saying it either.

Together, the roots and I collect the trash bin from the curb and roll it slowly, my feet shuffling and swollen, back to its place. I dump what I can into the bin, soggy and molding detritus from the bowl’s bottom sliming my hands. Over the next week before the truck comes again, it’ll grow more in this dark plastic heat hole. Sprouts will clamber against the plastic sacks and coffee grounds we’ll toss on top. 

Back at my post by the bellflowers, I wait on hold with the City of Moscow power department to ask after the map of pipes and electric wiring buried in our yard. A foot or more underground, I’d struck plastic-coated power lines, thick and knotted together. My trowel prodded at them, slipping its blade between and among the tangle, perhaps seeking a shock or a silent, relieved celebration. The hold music is silent; there is no hold music. 

My anger rolls in red, a rainstorm, and the green of leaves I haven’t reached yet grows greener in contrast. 

The phone slips from the place I pinned it between shoulder and ear and falls into the yard bowl with all of its slime. I give up, tooth off a garden glove to press end on the non-music. . Here is the place where I re-tuck the electrical cords into the clay with the carrot-like taproots that I can see below them but can’t get to. Where I talk to the bellflowers through a cramped stomach. From underneath the cords, they will lightning out, casting glimmers of root toward the ground’s surface. 

I wonder if present palpable harm—the risk of exposed electricity—is always worse than future harm, which is guaranteed but has yet to occur. Everything, anyway, is electrified. 

I hurt my body to do this work. 

The sentence is ambiguous. 

Is the hurt present or preordained?

In the bowl, I hope my weed will swallow the phone, swallow the City of Moscow and its silent hold music and the utility company and my pain and causation and clauses and charged waves of light. 

In the bowl, for a moment, I love my weed entirely. 


A day of summer

In the bath again, evidence of my work in the weeds twirls around me. A twig, a shard of grass. This is why, I know, people who don’t like baths don’t like baths: their own detritus ensconcing them. It’s one reason I do. I don’t mind the snails of my own blood that slide around the bowl for one week a month. As a child, I watched Mom pull her own out of her with a finger, quickening the process of dropping one’s lining. I think to take a handful of my dad’s ashes from the mason jar on my desk into the water with me but don’t want to risk what I’d lose down the drain. A body so finite, dwindled to so little that remains here. 


A day of summer

This time of the morning, the light comes in the window blue, and I understand Seurat and pointillism for the first time. Adrien’s back is bare, made of pinpricks of pale grey-blue and muted indigo and a surprising deep red that I squint and rub my eyes at. And black too. 

Black? is what I ask myself. Mom taught me to ask what the colors really are. 

The wall beyond Adrien is everything the same as she is, just a shade lighter. 

Last week I spent almost four hours mowing the grass, which was two feet tall when we came back from a trip to Colorado, according to the red dash I drew on my leg with my fingernail to measure its height. Took tens of small breaks, sitting on the bricks by the back door. 

A day like that one turns me horizontal for several after. 

Because of my immune system, I can draw anything I like on my skin, and it will stay for twenty minutes or an hour, depending on how upset my body is. When nettles from the yard sting the bottoms of my feet, my soles turn pillow-like and purple; I can walk the venom up my legs with a nail. The color of my marks is a white-orange first, then pink, cool red. I try not to touch myself with anything pointed, except on the days I draw a map of the weed on my thigh and the side of my hip with a bobby pin, coloring the thick taproots under the thin root strings with my finger or the plastic edge of our box of floss. 


A day of summer

The dog’s new favorite treat is patties of wet, mulched grass, and waiting for her to puke emerald bile is a particularly interstitial way to inhabit time. Nipplewort almost choked out our Russian sage bushes while I wasn’t looking. The creeping bellflower feels like insanity, or I am insanity with my hands tangled in it. I don’t have my glasses on, and its green is the first color to break away from fuzzy blue in the morning. The leaf spears come up from the earth easy, but their snaking remains seem giddy, laughing. 

I dig up roots. I throw the orange ball and then throw the orange ball for the dog. We are all just doing something to do something with ourselves. At night, I listen to sentences piling up one after another until my memory yells that it’s one too many to hold up. I stumble from the bed to the desk to get them out of my head. 

I fear that my sentences will add up to nothing, monotony in which the whole is no sum, just a repetition of its parts. I fear this of my summer, of my weed, of my body’s pain. But the simplicity of monotony is also, I suppose, what I want. Else why would I be here, in the yard. When there is no solace to be found in extricating meaning, perhaps there is solace in meaning’s lack. 

Sunrise has been creeping toward 7am. Fire season looms, and earth’s spinning refuses my artificial standing still. 

Something, everything, has to change. Sentences link end to end instead of lying flat atop each other and still. I take my body out to my weeds. 


A day of summer

I left my nice trowel out to get rained on. The creeping bellflower creeps. Disregard for my objects is the sort of thing my dad taught me I should hate myself for. It’s also the sort of lesson he said, when he was shrinking from cancer, that he regretted passing on. Stories are harder to dig out than never to plant. 

When there is no solace to be found in extricating meaning, perhaps there is solace in meaning’s lack.

Last night, the lightning chased lightning until she caught herself. The two danced. Somehow, Adrien slept. The dog shook and shook. I tried to hold her still enough to come back to her soft body. The thunder sounds like a garbage can pushed endlessly down an echoing alley, but our alleys here are only black-brown gravel, no concrete, no noises but leashes jingling, boots going crunch

Without wanting to, I’ll hear the way these sounds dissolve into fractions of themselves when the snow comes. The snow will come, so soon, after the season of smoke. I clutch the dog into my belly and ribs and wonder if this might be what pregnancy feels like—pregnant people, always clutching their abdomens—permitted for a period to caress their own bodies. I wonder if my bellflowers’ leaves will be able to breathe when the sky is red-orange and we clamp the windows shut with tape. I pray for them, my bellflowers. My pain. 


A day of summer

6:20 in the morning. I was up till 2, reading. I start the day now in the act of the same, fuzzy eyed with Doris Grumbach’s memoir of one day, as I’ve started so many days this year. I take her from the library and take her from the library. I leave my little shred of paper in page 93 because no one else takes her out. I’ve not yet passed 93. I keep beginning again. She’s caught the chipmunk she caught in one of those no-kill traps tens of times now. I don’t know how her twenty-four hours of ordinariness ends, on Billings Cove where she’s lived for years. Time in these pages is both long and short. Eventually, Doris passes the time where I’ve left her. 


A day of summer

I should be packing for Adrien’s birthday in Portland; for the writing conference on the Olympic Peninsula, packing my shower shoes; packing the tent and the sleeping bag and the tarp, the swimsuit for the sea. All of my camping things are in a pile by the fence, getting dirty, getting nettle hairs tucked into them. 

Naturopathic doctors sometimes use nettle stings to treat nerve pain—a shock of light in the body, a rush of blood to the area. My body is far beyond tolerating such therapy but applies its ethos: pain for pain. My feet have gathered nettle stings in their soles all summer, where my body can’t rid itself of the poison, and so the stings last for weeks instead of just one day. My white cells rail against heat and pressure, exhausted in the face of poison; my heels and the big part of the sole below the toes swell indigo purple and deep and wide. I have bruises on my knees because when I wake up in the night, I crawl across the tile to the toilet instead of walking on my bloated feet.

Still, I make the cross of the yard to the bellflowers. The bed is the clearest it’ll ever be, as we’re leaving town. When we return, fall will be riding smoke season into the valley just south of here. The sun will come down earlier and rise at a different angle to the tomato plants. The tangled hairs of root will regrow the square yards I’ve spent weeks pinching them from while I’m away. 

In a moment, the sky is too big here, the neighbor’s pine holding too much time. 

I grab at the patch of remaining bellflower leaves above ground, ruthless. I’ve moved methodically inch by inch, flattening chunks of cakey soil into pancakes that split to release every torn tube of root for the plucking, but now I’m lightheaded and thick in the jaw; I nearly dump the metal bowl of roots into the grass instead of taking it to the bin. Who cares. My body spins or I spin in it, a side effect of a new medication that the doctor says is too effective to stop taking, a side effect of pain. 

There are leaf shards in the crumby clay, torn in my rush. My nails are short and unhelpful. Adrien blessedly calls the dog in from barking, tells her Mom is busy with her bellflowers, doesn’t rush me to the things I ought to be doing instead. This is a moment when I love my partner more than ever before; I feel time stop around us, just for a second, as her voice becomes the thing protecting my body and reality from the one that presses in on it. Though we’ll only live here nine or ten more months—though we’ll pack up our boxes before it’s hot again next summer season—she reminds our dog of the rules of this yard’s world, in which the acts of my insanity are allowed and even held sacred, even if she has no reason to agree to their value. I am studying masochism if nothing else, and we both know it, even if we hope I’ll get to study what’s on its other side. Everyone always gets the definition for positive feedback loop wrong, like it’s a good thing instead of a spiral into oblivion. I must be allowed to conduct my experiment—we both know this—an experiment that demands the presence of my body in space, feet on the ground removed from and required for the puzzle that moves me in any direction. 

8 Graphic Novels About Healing From Sexual Abuse

Comics are unfettered by the respectable rules of the realist narrative. Dreams can bleed into waking life, metaphors can become literal, and contradictory sensory impressions can be juxtaposed without connective exposition. This is also how traumatic memories often present themselves. Graphic storytelling are an especially effective medium for depicting how abuse feels—how it alters your brain and drops you into a bizarro-world. The credibility police have no authority here.

Psychoanalyst and philosopher Alice Miller, a world-renowned expert on child abuse and its political repercussions, notably uncovered her own repressed memories by making visual art, a story she detailed in Pictures of a Childhood: Sixty-Six Watercolours and an Essay. Some of the creators listed below similarly found that they drew their way into truths that the logical, verbal part of their mind had hedged around with self-protective narratives.

Peter, the protagonist of my novel Origin Story, is mentoring a genderfluid teen at a group home when they begin collaborating on “The Poison Cure,” a noir superhero comic about a mutant who seduces child abusers to kill them with his toxic touch. At first they merely seem to be working in the queer tradition of reclaiming monstrosity: Peter is a gay man looking for love during the 1990s AIDS crisis, and Tai’s femme Black identity is pathologized by their white foster care social workers. But as he goes deeper into his psyche to access his creativity, Peter starts to have flashbacks of a violation he never suspected. Identifying the villain of “The Poison Cure” will be a clue to his real-life trauma history—if he can bear to find out.

The books in this list demonstrate the potential of graphic storytelling as a container for experiences that shatter our conventional meaning-making structures.

MAW by Jude Ellison S. Doyle

In this horror comic by the author of Dead Blondes and Bad Mothers: Monstrosity, Patriarchy, and the Fear of Female Power, a rape survivor turns into a man-eating sea monster at a women’s spiritual healing retreat. Doyle complicates binary gender politics while remaining unflinching in his exposure of toxic masculinity. The island locale off the coast of Virginia resembles a sinister version of Wonder Woman’s Themiscyra, as suggested by the name of its charismatic and chilling matriarch, Diana Spiro. Women’s space, even when it includes trans women, isn’t immune to cult dynamics or violations of bodily consent. Yet when human society denies justice to survivors, becoming inhuman can seem like the only remaining good option.

The Tale of One Bad Rat by Bryan Talbot

Quaint animal illustrations notwithstanding, Beatrix Potter actually wrote disturbing cautionary tales where the threat of predation hung over foolish females and runaway youngsters. Thus the allusion to her work makes a good framing device for this lushly illustrated full-color graphic novel about a homeless teen girl and her pet rat in contemporary Britain. When Helen runs away to escape her father’s sexual abuse, she heads for Potter’s historic home in the Lake District, which represents the childhood innocence she is determined to fight for. Potter’s example inspires her to become an artist and depict the truth about her family.

Our Little Secret: A Graphic Memoir by Emily Carrington

A story decades in the making, this memoir by a Canadian artist re-creates how she was groomed and sexually abused by her father’s friend when she was a teenager, and then her lengthy and fruitless efforts to hold him accountable through the courts. Uncluttered black-and-white line drawings broken up into small panels give this graphic narrative a low-key, almost detached aesthetic. This presentation style captures how a young person—at first naïve, then dissociated—would recount terrible facts whose significance would escape her at the time. 

The amount of empty space in the drawings conveys her isolation in her father’s squalid cabin in the woods, but also the peace she found in solitude with her horse and sheep. It feels like a healing breakthrough when the final pages depart from strict realism, taking her on an inner psychic journey to rescue the abandoned part of herself.

Blackwax Boulevard Is Listening by Dmitri Jackson

A compelling narrative arc inspired by the #MeToo movement drives this second volume of Jackson’s self-published webcomic about the staff of an urban record store contending with unrequited love, addiction, fallen idols, and customers who have cringey taste in music. Chester Vick, a hard-partying music critic, is finally being held somewhat accountable for decades of preying on women, prompting some characters to defend him, and others to be angry and hurt that the “progressive” men in their life still don’t get it. 

Most affected is Blackwax employee Veronika, a white woman who relapses into alcoholism because this news story triggers her memories of being sexually abused by her stepfather. The intersection of racial and sexual marginalizations causes a crisis when she calls the cops on a bombastic Black male activist who’s manhandling his girlfriend in the record store. However, Blackwax really is a place where people listen to each other, even when it’s painful. The resolution of their conflict is hopeful but not hokey. 

Jackson’s work has standout composition, clarity, and dynamism. The black-and-white panels feel like a complete three-dimensional world because of effective variations in lighting, distance, and poses.

All in the Family by LB Lee

LB Lee is a transgender multiple-personality system. Their cartooning style is anime-inspired and has the simple candor of a young person’s diary combined with an adult’s tenderness toward their inner child. Subtitled “A psychological murder mystery,” All in the Family introduces us to their various headmates as they investigate why some system members have gone missing and what traumatic secrets they were created to hold.

Julio’s Day by Gilbert Hernandez

This stark but beautiful graphic novel spans 100 years in the life of a working-class Mexican-American man. Though he lives through the major events of the 20th century, life seems to pass him by, while his family members down to the great-grandchildren experience love, madness, war, and adventure. Because of his closeted homosexuality, he passes through their lives like a ghost, so alone with his emotions that they become opaque even to himself. 

It takes a generation, but his family ultimately faces the fact that Julio’s uncle is a serial predator on young boys, and metes out justice without involving the legal system. However, Julio remains in denial, perhaps associating his molestation with the sexual identity he’s been taught to abhor. The book’s stream-of-consciousness structure mimics how the significant memories of a lifetime flow into one another like fleeting impressions from a dream, rather than always being connected by complete narratives.

Chartwell Manor by Glenn Head

Drawn in the explosive and grotesque style popularized by R. Crumb and Zap Comix, whose influence Head cites, this shattering black-and-white graphic memoir takes its name from the New Jersey private school for “troubled youth” where the author was sent in seventh grade. Chartwell was run by a pedophile who groomed the boys with a bewildering combination of love-bombing, corporal punishment, and sexual abuse. It’s satisfying to learn that he was eventually convicted; Head reproduces newspaper articles and photographs of the man and his victims, definitively breaking the silence. Yet the cartoonist’s own life story is a decades-long struggle with alcoholism and pornography addiction because of his trauma. The underground comix movement was a kind of savior for him, a place where taboo thoughts and extreme emotions could be brought into the open without shame.

Speak: The Graphic Novel by Laurie Halse Anderson

Eisner Award–winning graphic artist Emily Carroll adapts Anderson’s bestselling young adult novel from the 1990s about the aftermath of a date rape. Ninth-grader Melinda has gone virtually mute after a senior boy secretly assaulted her at a party the previous summer. Her parents are too preoccupied with their failing marriage to do more than punish her for her suddenly falling grades. Her classmates ostracize her for calling the police on the party, refusing to believe that their teen idol is a predator. However, an iconoclastic and devoted art teacher helps her find her voice through visual art. 

This plot lends itself well to graphic storytelling, with Carroll’s pensive grayscale drawings expressing Melinda’s outer numbness and inner turmoil. An ongoing side plot about the school’s ham-fisted censorship efforts is satirically funny and timely, making it clear why Melinda feels her experience is unspeakable in her community.

Exclusive Cover Reveal of “Better” by Arianna Rebolini

Electric Literature is pleased to reveal the cover of Better: A Memoir About Wanting to Die, the debut memoir by Arianna Rebolini, which will be published by Harper on April 29, 2025. You can pre-order your copy here.


After a decade of therapy and a stint in a psychiatric ward to treat suicidal depression, Arianna Rebolini was “better.” She’d published her first book, enjoyed an influential, rewarding publishing job, and celebrated the birth of her first child. Yet the pull of suicide was still there. One night, during bath time, as her young son Theo lined the tub with toy cars, she began calculating how many pills she’d have to down to effectively end her life.

In Better, Rebolini interweaves the story of her month-long period of crisis with decades of personal and family history, from her first cry for help in the fourth grade with a plastic knife, to her fears of passing down the dark seed of suicide to her own son, and her brother’s life-threatening affliction. To understand this dark desire, Arianna pored over the journals, memoirs, and writings of famous suicides, and eventually developed theories on what makes a person suicidal. Her curiosity was driven by the morbid, impossible need to understand what happens in the fatal moment between wanting to kill oneself and doing it—or, unthinkably, the moment between regretting the action and realizing it can’t be undone. Then her own brother became institutionalized, and Arianna realized that all of the patterns and trenchant insights could not crack the shell of his annihilating depression.

A harrowing intellectual and emotional odyssey marked by remarkable clarity and compassion, Better is a tour through the seductive darkness of death and a life-affirming memoir. Arianna touches on suicide’s public fallout and its intensely private origins as she searches for answers to the profound question: How do we get better for good?


Here is the cover, designed by Milan Bozic, featuring art by Edvard Munch.

“While writing Better, I was super conscientious about maintaining an honest albeit uncomfortable exploration of suicide without turning maudlin or nihilistic; it was important to me that the cover reflected that balance, as well,” says Rebolini. “A memoir about wanting to die doesn’t need help signaling sadness, but ultimately, the book is called Better—the point of it is that it believes in survival. We went through a few rounds of possible covers, trying to land on an image that evoked that sense of hope. That’s exactly what I see in the Munch painting: the young woman looking forward, the sun bright in the distance. I geeked out about Milan’s decision to curve the older woman—that kind of looming specter—onto the spine because it feels so true to the experience of suicidality, how it can lurk behind us, how it can feel separate from ourselves. As someone who is generally obsessed with book covers, I was giddy the second I saw the mockup.

I’ve Been Diagnosed With Blackness

Descent

I might have seen you for help 
from my affliction with Blackness.

I don’t know. Kendrick says
he has been diagnosed

with real nigga conditions.
I needed you to make mine

go away. I wanted you
to will the earth to swallow

the cop at my door.
My relationship with the land

is the longing of my fathers
for their kin. As you know already,

I am not from here;
and cannot make request

from the land. Your fathers
have reaped from desire.

Upon learning the palace
will have its first black son

the crown decreed he will
never be called prince

and will hold no titles.
Although I do not condone,

I understand the queen.
The boy’s mother could

have removed him from
the crown’s household

because she could imagine
him growing up

to be the queen’s housenigga.
What puts us in bed with those

who lorded themselves over us
besides our desire for mercy?

When my people knew I stopped
seeing you, they wanted to know

if I was thankful because where I’m from
it’s often said that to be kept alive by

what could kill you is a gift.


Forty-One

I blamed the time difference. 
I blamed the miles over
which our voices were carried
by the phone when my mother
claimed my voice didn’t sound
like mine. I blamed the ocean
between us. I repeated myself;
but my voice sounded like
a needle. When I opened
my mouth all 23 years of Amadou
Diallo’s life fell out. I didn’t see
his face until I rinsed the blood
off. But I held him even without knowing
it was him because he has my body,
I mean my brother’s body. I hugged
him because he is mine in the way
my body is mine. I cradled him until
his eyes opened. I cradled his head
until his mouth opened into stories
of the many ways his hands have
failed him. He stopped the stories
abruptly before their ends. He was
restless. He wanted a haircut, food,
and travel all at once. He wanted to live
all 22 years of his death in a minute.
He wanted to live like he never died.
But he left me for the shores across
which our mothers are waiting for us.