In As You Like It — the play with the most lines for a woman character out of all Shakespeare’s plays, incidentally — Jacques delivers the lines “All the world’s a stage.” He means it metaphorically, but when it comes to Shakespeare, we’ve done our best to make it true. All the continent is a stage: Never forget that Eugene Shiefflien cursed us with the starling, a bullying invasive species that likes to live inside your house, with his plan to bring every bird ever mentioned in Shakespeare to North America. All the solar system is a stage: All 27 known moons of Uranus are named after Shakespeare characters. And we love to perform Shakespeare plays in the unlikeliest places, which means that airplanes, subways, supermarkets, hospitals, and cemeteries become stages too.
Here are 10 performance locations that completely misunderstand Jacques by taking him extremely literally.
“What’s in a name?” Quite a bit for Easy Jet, the budget airline that campaigned to dub April 23rd National William Shakespeare Day. How did they do it? For starters: a large image of William Shakespeare painted on the fuselage of the plane, a petition to get 100,000 signers to ask Parliament to consider the holiday, staged performances of Shakespeare in the waiting areas of airports. But then, they took to the sky — as lovers do, on borrowed cupid wings and jet fuel to “soar with them above a common bound.” As the penultimate wing of the campaign, the airline invited Reduced Shakespeare Company theater troupe to perform Romeo and Juliet onboard a flight to Verona.
I’m pretty sure Shakespeare wrote: “Life’s but a walking shadow, a poor player [being held momentarily in the station by the train’s dispatcher].” Those who live in New York live most of our lives underground in delayed subways all over the city. The subway is a capacious space with multiple uses: transportation, hotel room, toilet, and yes, a stage for buskers and “showtime” dancers. But Paul Marino and Fred Jones, according to The New York Times, have more explicitly made the subway their stage for bilingual performances of Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and others. No telling what the L train shutdown will do to their careers.
Pretty much any Shakespearian tragedy or even history would be so cozy in a cemetery. (Hamlet even has a scene in one.) But what about a comedy? As part of the Shakespeare in the Cemetery series this summer, the Mechanical Theater company (which specializes in performing theater in historic monuments and museums around the city) performed A Midsummer Night’s Dream in the Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. Which I guess does something to sum up the plot of Shakespearean theatre — everyone gets married, but don’t forget everyone dies, too.
“This above all: to thine own self be true” I guess. (Photo by Aiman Zenn on Unsplash)
In southeast London, Supermarket Shakespeare performs scenes from Shakespeare and other plays. They are “disrupting the spectacle of consumerism with their own spectacle,” as reported by Lyn Gardner for the Guardian. Six actors at a time wander through the grocery story aisles performing 20-minute scenes. Spectators get to follow up to three actors in the hour, watching as sometimes their scenes might intersect with one another. Gardner says there’s little actual Shakespeare, but lots of real life colliding with real theatre.
We credit Shakespeare with a lot of things, but can we credit him with the invention of modern psychoanalysis? Some argue that the plays provide audiences with a shared experience to help us better understand our actions and our fates. As reported by The Huffington Post, the late psychotherapist Murray Cox studied a series of performances of Shakespeare’s plays at the Broadmoor (the maximum security hospital for patients with severe mental illness who have been convicted of serious crimes). The plays include depictions of severe emotions and their consequences — love, lust for power, envy, greed, murder, treason, betrayal, and so on. The plays were performed by professional theater companies. Many in the audience were convicted of the same crimes being performed. After the performance, according to HuffPost, there was a “therapeutic trialogue” between the actors, patients, and clinicians.
While the toast “Good company, good wine, good welcome can make good people” doesn’t ring true by the end of Henry VIII, we can still give it a try, no? In Washington D.C., there’s Shakespeare in the Pub. Guess where it’s performed? Bars around the city. And in New York, there’s Drunk Shakespeare, performed on a more traditional stage. Audience members take a shot as they enter and the players are challenged to drinking games that complicate their ability to deliver their lines.
Prison
Photo from SBB, 2017 Cast & Crew of Julius Caesar at Luther Luckett Correctional Complex
Shakespeare Behind Bars (SBB) is a non-profit that has been putting on productions of Shakespeare in prisons “to offer theatrical encounters with personal and social issues to incarcerated and post-incarcerated adults and juveniles.” According to the National Institute of Social Justice stats reported on the SBB website, the national recidivism rate is 76.6%. The rate for Shakespeare Behind Bars participants is 6%. I’m no statistician, but I’m going to call that statistically significant. Maybe we direct more funding to the arts and away from the prison-industrial complex? Just a thought. You can donate to SBB here.
We’ve paved paradise and put up a production of Julius Caesar. Every summer the Drilling Company puts on bare-bones interpretations of Shakespeare plays in a parking lot in New York City for their Shakespeare in the Parking Lot series. The key is that these parking lots are still in use, with performances taking place alongside cars trying to pull in and back out of their spaces. The founding director, Hamilton Clancy, says they chose the parking lot for a stage because it’s “a tremendously accessible gathering place in the heart of the city” and the space gives the traditional performance “an urban wrinkle.”
Asses, sure, but I don’t remember any Shakespeare with pythons in the backdrop. In “Wild Shakespeare” in Australia, the Wild Voices Music Theater Group performed scenes from Shakespeare “in nooks and crannies” all over the National Zoo to inspire conversation about the relationship between human nature, animals, and the environment.
Briefcase
Last, but not least, but also maybe the littlest stage for Shakespeare. Tiny Ninja Theater performed Macbeth at the New York International Fringe Festival on a “briefcase-sized stage” for an audience of ten, with standing room available for five additional audience members. Mr Smile starred in the role of Macbeth, and Mrs Smile as Lady Macbeth. The directed admitted that working with these inexperienced actors did present some challenges: “Tensions and personality conflicts are bound to arise when a large group of tiny plastic ninjas work this closely on a project that means so much to all of them. But, in the end, we are all stronger for it. I would like to extend a very special thanks to Ninja, who stepped into the role of Donalbain at the last moment, after the original actor was injured in a freak Exacto knife accident.”
The police marched onto the field, waving their batons. The denizens of Streeterville stared back at them defiantly.
Then the first water balloon hit.
Then another hit, and another, until police, Streeterville residents, and spectators were all throwing balloons at each other in 90-degree July heat. It wasn’t an exact reenactment of noted real estate fraud Captain George Wellington Streeter’s fight against police at the turn of the 20th century, but for reenactors (like me) who were wearing a corset, bustle, and petticoats, it was much more pleasant.
The Police v. Streeterville Denizens
This was one of three components of “Like a Secondhand Sea,” a historical celebration of Lake Michigan put on by Paul Durica’s Pocket Guide to Hell: an organization committed to telling the stories of Chicago, often focusing on its social and labor history, through tours or historical reenactments. (The name came from Chicago poet Nelson Algren’s Chicago: City on the Make.)
The first part of the event commemorated the early history of Chicago: explorers Marquette and Joliet navigating the Lake Michigan coastline in 1673. Performers were dressed as traders, with white clothes and animal skins, and “paddled” around the streets of downtown Chicago in modified canoes that strapped on their shoulders like sandwich boards. The second part was the celebration of the raucous Streeterville and the battle with Captain Streeter and the police over the land that would later become hot real estate in Chicago in 1886. Finally, it ended with a brass band to commemorate the Sanitary District’s reversal of the Chicago River in the last decade of the 19th century.
These events are more than just reenactments; they are new ways of envisioning the meaning of history and culture creation. They are not your typical Civil War battle or camping reenactment. Instead, the events commemorate the past with a modern twist, like the balloon fight for Streeterville battle with the police, a dodgeball fight for the Beer Lager Riots, a mock trial to remember a pig’s 1960s run for president, and many more. These reinventions don’t just recall the past — they bring joy and context to these historical occurrences in the current day.
These events are more than just reenactments; they are new ways of envisioning the meaning of history and culture creation.
As a trained historian, I have always been interested in the overlooked stories in history: the stories of the people who showed up to the marches, who made the newspapers, who cleaned up after the meetings. Histories that focused solely on the leaders didn’t interest me terribly. But often, that’s the history that survives. History is written by the victors, but it’s written about the leaders, whether they win or not — people are more likely to record and preserve things that relate to Great Men and Women.
When I started attending reenactments, and later organizing them with my husband, I did it because I wanted to explore and bring to life the forgotten history of ordinary people. But they aren’t just about the past — we are also creating the new history of our city. Whether it’s a balloon fight, a dodgeball game, sing-alongs, or a scandalous gala, historical reinventions bring the audience into the past while also defining the present. Audience members are invited to partake in this lived history so that the tradition and themes continued beyond the parameters of the event. This will be our history once again.
Histories that focused solely on the leaders didn’t interest me terribly. But often, that’s the history that survives.
The first historical event that my husband and I put together was the infamous First Ward Ball, the gala held for the madams, prostitutes, gamblers, and other degenerates of the Levee, Chicago’s vice district in the first decade of the 20th century. This ball was originally hosted by two of Chicago’s most corrupt aldermen, Bathhouse John and Hinky Dink Kenna. My husband, Scott, played the outlandish and bombastic Bathhouse John, poet laureate of the City Council and bathhouse enthusiast. We held it in conjunction with the This is Not a Studio, an apartment art gallery, and the visual artist Julia Haw. Our new First Ward Ball was held in the second floor theater of a local bar called Fizz. It was to be a joint art show with Ms. Haw’s work and theatrical performance. Despite our scant budget, we found artists and performers to touch on the themes of vice, sin, and corruption. I decided to celebrate the infamous Everleigh Sisters who ran the gilded house of ill repute. I composed poems from the point of view of different prostitutes, called “butterflies” at the Everleigh club, and performed several of their stories on stage. I wanted to bring their stories and experiences to life for the audience.
It was a start to even more mysterious and wonderful roles in different eras of Chicago history. Through these events, we learned even more about the strange and glorious Chicago history, often forgotten in comparison to the histories of New York, Philadelphia, and Boston.
In commemoration of the Beer Lager Riots of 1855, Pocket Guide to Hell held a beer festival and dodgeball fundraiser for Benton House, a social services nonprofit in Bridgeport. Levi Boone, a notorious nativist, was elected mayor of Chicago and pushed through anti-Irish and anti-German laws including laws outlawing the sale of alcohol on Sundays. When beerhall owner and bartenders were arrested, an angry mob formed to march on City Hall to hang the mayor and free their friends. The Mayor heard of this mob, pulled up the bridge separating downtown from the protestors, deputized a large crowd of people, and went to meet the protesters. The two groups met, shots were fired, and some people were dead. The following year, Mr. Boone was voted out of office and the laws were reversed. In order to remember this riot, the fundraiser had people play in the dodgeball game, protestors v. policemen, with very corrupt referees overseeing the game. At the same time, there were beers from local breweries downstairs. The announcer helped contextualize the game by narrating the event.
Ultimately, the event was supposed to be a celebration of Chicago’s scrappiness: we’ll die for our right to drink! Together, we remembered this ugly history in Chicago’s past when immigrant groups were maligned by the people in power and how they tried to fight back. The U.S. has a long history of denigrating its recent immigrants; only the nationality of the immigrants has changed. But what the Beer Lager Riots and the Benton House event try to show us that we are capable of changing the system. While change was brought about through voting the mayor out of office rather than violence, this event reminds us that we can come together, learn some history, play some dodgeball, and drink beer. That power can turn into the power to protest, the power to call out wrongs. Through storytelling and performance, participants were able to see Chicago’s history alongside its present, and decide what that means for our future.
Through storytelling and performance, participants were able to see Chicago’s history alongside its present, and decide what that means for our future.
More recently, the Illinois Humanities festival held The Flight of the Pigasus, commemorating the 50-year anniversary of the Chicago 1968 Democratic Convention protests. In order to poke fun at the government, the Yippies nominated a pig “Pigasus” for president of the U.S. Several original protestors were invited to speak on stage about their experiences with Pigasus and the protests. Reenactors dressed as Yippies and stood behind the stage, while collectively yelling and chanting. To top it off, a live pig named Rudy was brought to the bar to serve as our Pigasus.
The Mighty Pigasus
Often, historical perspectives on the 1968 Democratic Convention protests focus on the infamous police riot. By focusing instead on the role and eventual fate of Pigasus (allegedly, he was eaten by the cops), we were able to remember the more positive — and sillier — aspects of a protest with long-ranging consequences. Moreover, we got a chance to see the beautiful messiness of history; the three eyewitnesses of the original protest told their stories that intersected and diverged at various points. We were again reminded that we can work as a collective to protest the wrongs that we see and we can even have fun doing it.
For four years, I ran the Jane Addams Day Celebration on December 10th with the American Association of University Women — Illinois in December. Through the help of Jan Lisa Huttner and other AAUW members, Illinois passed Jane Addams Day on June 9th in 2006 for her impact of the state and the rest of the country. For the first two years, I wrote and directed a historical play about Jane Addams and her involvement with the Pullman Strike. It was a combination of historical talk, speeches from historical figures, George Pullman and Florence Kelley, an acrobatic act of an imaginary fight between George Pullman and his striking workers, and culminating in Jane Addams’ speech “A Modern Lear.”
For me, it wasn’t enough to talk about Jane Addams with speeches about her good deeds. I wanted to give the audience a sense of the stakes. The 1894 Pullman strike was the culmination of social and economic forces and a belief in what the worker/employer relation should be. I wanted to talk about Jane’s contributions to ameliorate the strike along with her own presence and style. We even brought back a tradition of “political burlesque” at the time of the strike where events would satirize public figures at the time. The event would end with the Ralph Chaplin’s famous song, “Solidarity Forever” as a way of bringing everyone, audience and performers alike, together.
We are coming together to experience the past; we are there to celebrate the ideals or simply to remember the people who came before us.
And that’s the point of the events. Whether it’s a funeral for a labor activist and songwriter, a water balloon fight, or a dodgeball, these events aim to create community. We are coming together to experience the past; we are there to celebrate the ideals or simply to remember the people who came before us. It’s not just about conveying information, which could be done through a talk or a series of lectures; instead, we want to make the past feel alive, even if it’s a modified way. Reenactments, or more accurately reinventions, of history allow us to interact with other participants and performers and leave with a sense of our shared history. While we all have our own viewpoints and experiences, these historical reenactments make us remember that we are a force to contend with and nothing in history is easily gained.
Singaporean-born writer Sharlene Teo’s debut novel Ponti weaves dark, arresting narratives about the lives of three women: Szu, her distant and beautiful mother Amisa, and her high school friend Circe. Spanning between 1968 to 2020 in hot and humid Singapore, the novel traces the intimate and vicious ways in which the women’s lives are entangled to one another. Szu and Circe are drawn to the memory of Amisa and her short-lived career as an actress of a cult horror series, Ponti! As characters try to cope with loneliness and failure, the uncanny dimensions of Amisa’s film role as Pontianak, a bloodthirsty female ghost in white dress, seep silently into their daily lives. Winner of the Deborah Rogers Writers’ Award, Teo crafts each sentence with precision, evoking vivid imageries of how women experience their bodies and space, dream and reality, connection and disconnection.
Purchase the novel
I met Teo at the 2017 Sydney Writers Festival, where we spoke in the same panel and exchanged views on women, horror, and Southeast Asia. As an Indonesian writer, I was immediately captured by the universe of Ponti, which felt very close to home; similarities can be found in language, food, cultural expectations, and even in how our actions are structured by what Szu calls “a hot, horrible earth.” The Malay legend of Pontianak, known in Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia, could be seen as a projection of the fear towards women who refuse to conform to the societal norms. Ponti explore the rich cultures of Singapore and Southeast Asia while offering a fresh perspective on relationships between women, history, and (screened) memories.
A recipient of the Booker Prize Foundation Scholarship and David T.K. Wong Creative Writing Award, Teo is currently completing her Ph.D in Creative and Critical Writing at the University of East Anglia. Prior to the U.S. release of Ponti, we conversed over email about the Orientalist connotations of Asian femininity, myth-making as ciphers of fear, and turning the pockets of weirdness and decay in cosmopolitan Singapore into its own character in her novel.
Intan Paramaditha: The Malay legend of the female ghost Pontianak is well known in Southeast Asia, especially Singapore and Malaysia. In Indonesia she is called Kuntilanak, although we have a city called Pontianak, where the horror film director in Ponti comes from. What inspired you to explorethis myth?
The myth of the Pontianak relates to societal anxieties and expectations around childbirth, childrearing and the female body.
Sharlene Teo: I’ve always been fascinated by the Pontianak, found something subversive, sexy and deeply threatening about her. Lock up your boys and men! She’s pissed off, well-dressed, and out for vengeance. There’s the predatory aspect of this creature, outwardly an unthreatening young woman. There’s the invasion of the domestic space, the uncanny, creepy-crawling aspect of how she mimics baby sounds to fool you into thinking she is far away, when she’s actually very close. The Kuntilanak, Pontianak, Lang Suir (and for that matter another Malay ghost, the toyol)—all relate to societal anxieties and expectations around childbirth, childrearing and the female body, to me. I think that figures of fear and horror are pariahs and ciphers for insecurity and fear—they reflect what is found, at the time, to be undesirable or repugnant. Thus zombies can be metaphors for capitalistic overconsumption and xenophobia—the monster, the neighborhood menace- is the big looming Other.
IP: Motherhood, friendship, and relationships between women are dominant themes in Ponti. Are there any assumptions about women and femininity that you wish to challenge?
ST: Asian femininity, particularly under the Western gaze, has these icky Orientalist connotations of delicacy, elegance and restraint. Like a demure madonna-whore dichotomy. I’ve noticed a welcome uptick in contemporary literature that takes into account the corporeal and scatological aspects of female experience as well as the effects of pregnancy, birth and postpartum depression on the body. The women in Ponti are mostly inelegant, occasionally unpleasant, and avid in their desires and fixations. They spend a lot of time on the outside looking in. I’m fascinated by the ways people hold each other at an intimate distance, how every small act of aggression or rejection furthers estrangement; the subtle strokes of cruelty these characters inflict on themselves and each other. Of course this behavior cuts across gender, but women are competitive and tender with each other in very nuanced and particular ways.
IP: In Ponti Amisa is often described by other characters as unusually beautiful and cold, almost inhuman, but we also see girls struggling with pimples, oily faces, sweat, and other mortal concerns. How do you approach the idea of beauty in this novel?
Asian femininity, especially under Western gaze, has these icky Orientalist connotations of a demure madonna-whore dichotomy.
ST: I remember being told as a child that it takes just 7 seconds to form a first impression on someone. And that really stuck with and saddened me. It seemed unduly harsh. The fairy stories and fables I grew up reading- from 1001 Nights to the Brother’s Grimm, the Chinese and Greek and Norse myths– all involved transformations, from plainness to beauty—as if that was the main object that girls should aspire toward, obtaining the right dress, the right face to win some earnest schmuck who happened to be a prince. It seemed so facile but all-encompassing a goal. These toxic messages continue to be passed down to little girls and boys, really, about performative gender roles and narrow (mostly Eurocentric) ideals of beauty—it hasn’t gotten any better with the interactive, all-seeing mirror of Instagram and social media and so-called wellness culture. These pressures break my heart. Physical beauty comprises the tiniest fraction of how someone really is. Yet we move through the world largely judged superficially first, everything else second. Particularly as women. Particularly as women of colour. It sucks and it’s something I keep returning to thematically in fiction. I enjoy interrogating why we are shallow, digging into this in words.
IP: When I read Ponti, the images of Singapore were very vivid to me, particularly the food, the heat, the rich hybrid Asian cultures on the streets, and — especially in the Circe story — the sense of isolation in a capitalist society. Perhaps you could tell us about how you decided to write a story set in Singapore. How do you envision Singapore in Ponti?
ST: I’m conscious of my position as a Chinese Singaporean who has moved away for a long time and both the privileges and marginality of that perspective, depending on whether you’re looking at it from within Singapore or the U.K. Singapore—as a mutable, deeply cosmopolitan city with pockets of weirdness and decay—is very much its own character in the novel. Ponti is a bit of a love letter to this city I spent the first nineteen years of my life in and which has been so formative of my psyche and development as a writer. I never wanted to depict the island state in a way that was touristic, sycophantic or cliched. Singapore in Ponti alienates, stifles and embraces Amisa, Szu and Circe.
IP: What is also interesting to me is how you portray cosmopolitanism in Asia. The horror film director in Ponti comes from Indonesia and moves to Hong Kong, and there is a reference to a Filipino film as well. How do you view Asian or Southeast Asian cultures? Are there points of connection that you are trying to make?
ST: Singapore is a country comprised of so many different ethnicities and cultures, and transnational migration and mobility in the context of late capitalism is part of what makes the pace of the city so dynamic and relentless. Globalization and the internet has radically effected culture and communication, which sounds and is an obvious statement—but narratively, it’s interesting to consider how things like cosmopolitan trajectories and mass and hype culture—were not parsed or disseminated in the same way even a decade ago.
IP: This book might interest cinephiles with its many references to world cinema, from Hollywood to Hong Kong and Bollywood films. The film Ponti is situated in the tradition of Asian B-movies. Why incorporating cinema in the story? Did cinema influence the process of writing?
Figures of horror are ciphers for insecurity and fear—they reflect what is found, at the time, to be undesirable or repugnant.
ST: I’ve always loved ekphrastic texts—the vivid, illuminative liveliness that comes from having a work described is really fun and fires up the imagination. Cinema haunts the writing both literally and figuratively—I remember reading this Roland Barthes essay, The Face of Garbo, about the face as idea, mask, object—both ambiguous and larger-than-life, how faces in cinema can seem both timeless and inscripted with death. Particularly in the context of a female actor, and all the ageist expectations imposed on them. I read an interview with Winona Ryder recently where she paraphrased a line from the First Wives Club— “There are three ages for women: babe, district attorney and Driving Miss Daisy! I just never got to play that district attorney.”
I also wanted to write a book that incorporated Hong Kong action cinema, Bollywood movies, Hollywood blockbusters, and took into account a period of quietness in Singaporean cinematic history—between the closure of film studios in the late sixties, and the rise of Singaporean auteur cinema in the mid-nineties with Eric Khoo’s Mee Pook Man which kickstarted commercial cinema productions like Jack Neo’s films in the late ‘90s.
IP: Ponti has been praised by many for its rich and compelling writing style. Could you tell us about your creative process as a writer? What were challenging for you? Which authors inspired you?
ST: I write from a place of pure, abject desperation and self-doubt, to be totally honest! I feel like I know nothing and I just try and get to the nub of feeling, what these characters who slowly and messily take shape are trying to convey. I’m not a plotter at all. I write in fragments and see how it goes. I find everything challenging. I find starting, getting through and finishing challenging. That’s not to say, in the sweet spot, the flow and throes of it, that I don’t find it a pleasure. Of course I do, I love writing and always have! But I don’t have a particular process, or I’m still figuring it out intuitively. I read a lot and try to read across genres and boundaries, which usually helps to stave off some of my anxiety and creative inertia. So many authors inspire me because of their strong voices and various methods of making a story hurt and glow in wildly original ways. Most recent terrific reads: Alexia Arthurs, Ottessa Moshfegh, Suzanne Moore, Rowan Hisayo Buchanan, Kobo Abe, Elizabeth Macneal, Niviaq Korneliussen, Dorthe Nors, Akwaeke Emezi.
What’s your “Eat, Pray, Love”? We’ve made it easy to find out
Elizabeth Gilbert’s Eat, Pray, Love sold more than ten million copies and was made into a movie starring Julia Roberts: in other words, basically the ultimate dream of anyone who writes a memoir. Publishing can be unpredictable, and it’s hard to know which stories are going to take off, but in this case we’re pretty sure the magic is in the title. People love to be handed wisdom on life in the form of short, imperative verbs.
So how can you get a piece of the pie? By creating your own inspirational memoir, using nothing but your initials and our handy chart. (This is designed for people with a first, middle, and last name, but if you have more names, your book will just be bossier, which isn’t necessarily bad! If you have fewer names, just add the initials of whoever you want to play you in the movie.) All we ask is that you donate some of your millions of dollars to Electric Lit when you’re done!
Books by women tend to get short shrift overall—they’re less assigned, less reviewed, and priced lower. Specifically, though, books by women get short shrift from men. A recent analysis showed that in The New York Times’s “By the Book” column, male authors recommended books by men four times as often as they recommended books by women. So while it’s fun to find out which women inspired your favorite women writers, we also felt it was important to make sure men participate in our Read More Women series. Everyone needs to read more women and nonbinary authors! Nobody’s off the hook!
We’re delighted to have as our first male participant poet, novelist, essayist, and professor Luis Alberto Urrea, whose novel The Devil’s Highway was a finalist for the 2004 Pulitzer Prize. His latest book, The House of Broken Angels, is a portrait of a Mexican American family in San Diego; Dave Eggers called it “one of the most vivid and engrossing family epics of the last 20 years.”
Honestly, any one of Linda Hogan’s books is mesmerizing and transformative. But this Chickasaw author’s novel, which was a Pulitzer finalist, tells a story that speaks to our current era of greed and privilege, racism and brute force. It is also funny. And wise to mysteries we all knew, as Linda put it to me, “before we knew what the world thought, when we were seven.” Dealing with white greed and indigenous survival, it is a mysterious epic dealing with “Indian Territories” and the cataclysmic finding of oil under the land. The humor in it is colored with heartache, and is all the more wonderful. I’ll never forget some of the scenes in this book. Or characters like John Stink, who is the nonplussed subject of a funky miracle. Linda said, “What you readers call magical realism, we call realism.” It should have won the award that year.
Wait! I know what you’re probably thinking: for this list, the choice should be The Left Hand of Darkness. Yes. No argument here — read that too. Please. Her gender-bending classic of science fiction went places I think the world has yet to catch up to. It was sheer genius. But Earthsea is a series, so you’ll get several books out of it. All, in my opinion, one large epic. So I see it as a vast novel. And it can change your perception of the world, and of how nature and the divine might work. And had-ass dragons! Forget about the Khaleesi. What seemed then, and seems now, so awesome about this series is the magisterial vision, the utter world-making, the deep understanding of ritual and what we weakly call magic. This was a work to stand beside all those boys’ adventures so full of orcs and Led Zeppelin lyrics from a fierce, fearless writer who would not be placed in a box. Did I say beside those books? In my opinion, it crushes them all.
This was my mother’s favorite book. She was living a long solitude, and May Sarton guided her through it. Of course, this is a book about more than simple alone time. It’s not about just-doing-you. It is a fierce reckoning with oneself, with aging, with gender, with sexuality, and with writing itself. I have re-read it every few years. It always shows me something heart-changing. It also launched the string of power-bombs Ms. Sarton wrote as she chronicled her movement through old age and into deep old age. Vital books. Great companions. No fluff. No phony jargon. Just words and honesty fit for the rugged Maine coast where she made this long final journey.
Oh, Mary. People say, “But I don’t read poems.” Or like poems. Or get poems. You know, when I was first in love with my wife, and I didn’t have a cent, I would walk around the big used bookstore in Tucson with her. And I’d grab a Mary Oliver book, and we’d sit in the aisle, and I’d read the poems to her. Every time I read Mary Oliver, I learn how to live just a little more. I submit this wonderful selection to you, only because I cannot list every one of her books here. Start anywhere; go everywhere. “Listen —” Mary once wrote, “are you breathing just a little, and calling it a life?”
Without Julia Alvarez — as inspiration, mentor and trailblazer — many of us in the Latinx literary community wouldn’t exist. I admire all her work, but this searing epic, based on true history, is the Dominican Republic’s great work of witness. If you love a big, juicy, literate novel with real characters and fierce women fighting the power of dictatorship and oppression, this is for you. Yes, it was made into a film, but read the book. It is heroic.
Exactly one week after I told Arthur to stop contacting me — which felt like filling my mouth with a lot of dirt and the occasional rock — I got a job with a celebrity. It wasn’t an extraordinary job. A commercial for deodorant or cologne, something to do with pleasant odors.
My own sense of smell is underdeveloped. A man once speculated that this might explain my lack of enthusiasm for sexual conquests. Like dogs, he said, a lot of people go wild in pursuit of a certain scent.
“Like dogs?” I said, and he nodded.
At that point, the celebrity had been one of my objects of fixation for a number of years. I’d had these kinds of obsessions — can we call them companions? — for as long as I could remember. They were generally famous or dead, and sometimes both. They were always men, which I admit was unoriginal.
I had considered what the celebrity liked to eat and how his apartment — large but not opulent — would be laid out. When I left the house, it was always with the possibility of bumping into him, or at least spotting him in an adjacent check-out line. This was implausible, but not impossible; he did live in my city. (Many people do.)
The celebrity was an actor, and it was often said that he had remarkable range. He starred in biopics about assassinated politicians, and movies about ordinary people living in cramped houses. There was trauma in his youth, which he only ever mentioned obliquely. Something happened, I think, to his brother.
The night before the job started, I was in a crowded bar for the engagement party of a friend whom I no longer knew very well. There were motorcycle helmets in many colors and styles mounted on the walls. They took up an enormous amount of space, and everyone clustered in the middle of the bar to avoid bumping into them. It was difficult to linger on the party’s periphery. The opaque visors surveilled us unkindly.
I found myself talking to a very thin woman, whose wrists I admired. I imagined her storming off and someone grabbing her wrist. Don’t go! Except when I imagined this, her wrists were my wrists. Stay!
We swirled our drinks around and eventually I told her I was going home early, because of the job with the celebrity. I said his name to her and she said, “You don’t have a job with him.”
“I do!” I said this with delight I hadn’t yet expressed, because this was the first time I had told anyone about the job. I would have told Arthur, except my mouth was clogged with dirt and rocks. I felt good releasing this delight.
“You don’t,” she repeated.
I began to feel angry at her refusal to share my delight.
“Do you know the fiancé or the fiancée?” I said, to change the subject. I did my best to differentiate the two pronunciations, though I do not know French.
“He died,” the woman said, “just this afternoon.” She pulled out her phone, and showed me the homepage of a semi-serious news outlet. The celebrity’s name was there, along with some version of the word death.
The job had been scheduled to start very early. I had set several alarms three or four minutes apart, as I did when going to the airport at unnatural hours. And in fact the day before the job was not unlike the day before an important trip. I found it difficult to concentrate, and tried to think of ways to fortify my body. I installed an app that reminded me to drink water at regular intervals.
The very thin woman pulled up several more websites in quick succession, to prove, I suppose, that the celebrity was truly dead, though I had said nothing disputing what she told me. She seemed to be sympathetic to my shock, which only made me feel more misunderstood. There had been, the websites said, a not unsurprising public outpouring of grief. I wanted to say: do you think I am just a sad fan? But to myself I had to admit: aren’t I just a sad fan?
I left the bar, and found myself repeating the now-defunct excuse as I said goodbye. I have to be up early, I told my friend, the fiancé.
The alarms went off, one after the other, while my room was completely dark. The streetlamp outside my window had been broken, un-fixed, for weeks. The dark felt like a rural dark.
There might have been an email somewhere, explaining that I didn’t need to report to work. Or did they — and it was lonely, just then, to realize I had no idea who they were — assume everyone had heard the news. I imagined a car outside my window, in the place where the streetlamp’s cone of light would have been, waiting to take me to a plane.
In one of the celebrity’s most famous movies, he is summoned home after many years away by the death of his father, a cruel and complicated patriarch. He boards a plane in funeral attire. It is hot and sandy where he’s going, and he will be overdressed. The plane touches down, and you can see the collar digging into his neck, the tie too tight when he swallows. The wheels of his suitcase click on a polished floor. The gasp of the automatic doors is also the sound of heat hitting him in the face.
My alarm rang again. The airport would be mostly empty at this hour, in the middle of the week. I’d hand over my belongings, like everyone else, and we would watch them disappear on a conveyor belt, somehow certain we would see them again, thousands of miles away.
I kept my eyes open, because I didn’t want to fall back asleep. It’s different to picture things with your eyes open. In my head, I boarded the plane and breathed the recycled air. In the room, my eyes adjusted to the dark. The familiar objects. A landscape of things I have bought. It’s repulsive to be surrounded by so many purchased things.
I would have liked to feel the lurch in my stomach when the wheels lift off the ground and the wings take over, but there is only so far a body will go in the service of imagination.
Six months before the celebrity died, Arthur left the city we lived in together, where seventy to ninety percent of our friends also lived. He moved to a dense foreign city that was friendly to ex-pats, but not too friendly. It was difficult enough to count as an adventure.
The expression is: he followed a job. This makes him sound obedient, like a dog on a leash. I didn’t follow him, because he didn’t ask me to and he didn’t ask me not to, and his indifference frightened me. I was only in the habit of chasing things in my head.
It was unclear if we were still dating, though he texted me a lot. Mostly photos, mostly of dogs. The large public parks in his new city were overrun with them. He had never heard so much barking. Sweating through his office clothes, he became fascinated by the anatomy of canine tongues.
Panting, he texted me. Incredible technology.
I read the text and decided to respond in twenty minutes. He texted again.
Why do we keep our tongues in our mouths?
I took a shower to pass the time. Eighteen minutes later, I said: so we can talk!
What was most remarkable about the parks, Arthur said, was that they were frequented by purebreds and strays in equal numbers. The dogs had elegant noses and human-like hair that touched the ground. Others had more skin than fur, taut pink patches where they scratched until they bled.
He sends me a picture of greyhound getting his teeth brushed. Later, a pit bull with sagging nipples and a shredded-up ear, like paper ripped out of a notebook. There were ornate fountains in the park. Cherubs spitting, pissing, glinting in the sun.
The photos were probably supposed to stand for something. They might have been about social inequities and colonial legacies, which were the kind of thing Arthur studied. They might have been simpler: humor or tenderness, or loneliness that turned into a burst of desire.
It was tempting to think they stood for missing you, but it would have breached the terms of our intimacy to ask. We knew better than to take pride in wordless comprehension, but we did it anyway.
When the celebrity died, I went back to looking for odd jobs. I learned this approach to employment from my friend, an aspiring artist. He told me everyone he knew — other aspiring artists — worked this way. Cobbling things together, was how he put it. I told him I wasn’t sure I was entitled to be a cobbler. I had never made any art. He smiled pityingly, and referred me to my first job, walking a pair of miniature Australian shepherds. Before the walk, I fed them each a Prozac, crushed into a dish of their favorite meaty stew.
Most often, I found work as a personal assistant. I learned this could mean many different things. A woman with a laryngectomy wanted me to sort her extensive jewelry collection. Her neck hole wheezed loudly while she watched me untangle delicate silver chains. She made me empty my pockets before I left. Later, a young couple with a tiny apartment hired me to do their grocery shopping. Sheepishly, they asked if I would wait on them during dinner.
“It’s like” — the husband looked as his wife instead of looking at me — “make-believe.”
“Growing up, Travis always wanted a butler,” she said.
They unfolded a card table for dinner, which blocked the route to the bathroom, but they tipped generously. For dessert, I unwrapped Klondike bars and served them on plates.
The jobs were usually short-lived, and most weeks I found myself in new parts of town. Arthur once explained to me that some cities expand up and some expand out. Vertical sprawl and horizontal sprawl. If you can, he said, pick a vertical city. They encourage optimism.
Our city, which was now just my city, had skyscrapers and many-story walk-ups. There were pharmacies and grocery stores with vaulted ceilings — fifty feet of empty space above the shelves — that had once been famous banks.
I had been in elevators with uniformed operators, and elevators with no buttons at all. Somehow they already knew where you were going.
I thought about all the emergency stairs in the city, one on top of the other. It didn’t really mean anything to me to picture how high they would go, because a thousand feet in the air doesn’t seem all that different from ten thousand feet in the air. Both involve a lot of clouds. I could only get purchase on the idea if I imagined the stairs taking me across land, bridging two places I could locate on a map.
Three months had passed — the celebrity had long since stopped appearing in headlines — when I answered an ad for a night nanny, because my sleeping schedule had already gotten out of whack. I liked scrolling through my feeds in the dark, when I could be sure that only strangers were awake. Nearly everyone I knew — the number seemed to be dwindling — lived in the same time zone. Increasingly, they believed in regular bedtimes. They adjusted their screens to glow soothing orange at night, and wore expensive mouth guards that made them lisp.
While my known world slept, I read the celebrity’s tweets. I watched him interview with a late-night TV host who was also dead. I memorized real estate listings for houses he’d sold years before.
There were articles speculating on the circumstances of the celebrity’s death, which I studiously avoided. I lived in fear that one day I would accidentally read one of these articles. A few times, I dreamed that I had, and I woke up with my head and arms pulled inside my shirt, breathing damply into the fabric.
I found his sister’s Instagram, which featured her infant twins, his niece and nephew, and blender-only recipes. Before the sister became a mother, she had posted photos of unpaired gloves she found on the street. Abandoned, muddy, flattened by tires. The hashtag, #seekingsoulmate, had amassed an enthusiastic following, and included lone socks and sneakers.
When the celebrity was alive, I had avoided this kind of behavior. It was unseemly and conventional. What I longed for — fantasized is a word I dislike — was knowing him, not knowing things about him. This felt like a principled distinction. Now I investigated him, collected him. At strange hours, when late-at-night becomes early in the morning, my greed managed to look like something else. My phone a bright square in a dark room, pretending to be a portal or a treasure or at the very least a time machine. After all, wasn’t it always dying and coming back to life?
To become a night nanny, I took an elevator to a locked floor. When I jabbed the button, it flashed orange for a half a second and went dark. The doorman had to swipe a special card to take me to the twenty-sixth story, where the elevator opened directly into the front hall. There were no shoes or coats. There was an end table with a fan of reputable magazines and a framed handwritten letter, presumably from someone famous, though I didn’t recognize the name.
I was interviewed by the mother and three other women, who I gathered were the day nannies. They asked me questions while we observed the plate of cookies between us.
“Did you have — ” the mother said.
“Have you ever had,” the first nanny interjected.
“ — a formative caregiver?”
They seemed disappointed when I told them what little I could remember of the years I had spent in daycare.
The girl was five years old and her name was Susan, which I considered a name for adults. The first nanny explained that Susan didn’t respond to Sue or Susie.
“Or sweetie,” the second nanny added.
Terms of endearment were off limits.
The mother left in the middle of the conversation, reappeared in flattering gym-wear, then left again. The father was mentioned only once. He alone, the third nanny said, was allowed to say honey.
It was Susan herself who showed me the bunk bed where we would sleep. She told me I could keep my pajamas under my pillow.
“Or bring them in a tote bag,” she said solemnly.
The job mostly required sleeping. I relieved the day nannies around the time Susan was brushing her teeth. She wore nightgowns, or a onesie with the feet scissored off. Otherwise, she said, wearing it was like drowning.
“Like suffocating,” I said, because I was pretty sure I understood.
“I want to wiggle my toes.”
I rubbed a toothpaste stain on Susan’s sleeve and told her I admired her approach to problem solving.
While Susan slept on the bunk above me, I searched the Internet. Every several hours, I calculated the time difference between Arthur’s city and mine.
The celebrity had not been immune from gossip. The tabloids kept track of girlfriends and ex-girlfriends. The length of his beard and the width of his tie were noted at red-carpet events. Photos showed him striding through parking lots with sunglasses and coffee. The camera zoomed in on his shopping bag. Stars, the magazines insisted, they’re just like us.
Public scrutiny of the celebrity didn’t outrage me. Fame is a burden, and perhaps it should be. But this claim, above all, was painful: if he was like us at all — the possibility was thrilling but vague, like trying to picture the face of the child you’ll one day have — it had nothing to do with what he bought or drank or looked like when startled.
Occasionally, the headlines said the celebrity was exhausted. In the world of famous people, I learned, this was a clinical term. On my nights with Susan, I hardly slept. In the morning, when it was time to leave, a car was waiting for me. It was sleek and black, with miniature water bottles in the back seat. The first time it picked me up, I finished all four bottles in quick, desperate gulps, and the next day there were eight, wedged into the cup holders. Mortified, I never touched them again.
Often, I went weeks without seeing Susan’s parents. I heard the elevator gasp open late at night. They made the sounds of rich people. Fancy heels on fancy floors. Keys to luxury vehicles on custom-cut marble. Where did they learn to murmur like that?
Once or twice, the noise woke Susan up. She peered over the top bunk. In the dark, she seemed even less like a child.
“It’s them,” she said.
I nodded. My phone illuminated my face. On the screen, the celebrity lifted the twins in the air as if they were barbells. They were tiny. Palm-able. He grinned sheepishly at his biceps. I pictured my chin glowing bluish, and for a moment it was intolerably sad that Susan had never seen my face in the sun.
“Her green boots,” Susan said.
“What?”
“I can tell from the sound.”
We listened to the feet click.
“No you can’t,” I said.
Susan looked at me silently for a few seconds, and I could tell I had betrayed her. She pulled her head back, disappeared above me.
In the kitchen, the fridge sucked and unsucked loudly. Above me, Susan didn’t toss or turn or snore. Was she awake? Was my job to keep her asleep — her eyes closed? I could hear things that didn’t belong to me rattling, clinking. When they spoke — these people I could barely picture, in voices I couldn’t quite make out — I felt desire in my cheeks and the soft hair on my ears. Like someone whispering so close the words are whorls on your skin.
A few months after Arthur moved away, he told me he was dating someone new. The straightforwardness of this embarrassed us both. We disliked discussing predictable events. The truth, of course, was that I was desperate for the small details of his life.
Her name, her hair, where she read the news.
I could have asked. Does she eat as quickly, as ravenously, as you do? Does she post earnest things online? Does she call her parents on the phone?
Did she know how to answer when you said — naked and tangled, in a bed I’ll never see — tell me what you want?
Instead I said, “Does she speak English?”
They spoke in her language, which I had hardly ever heard Arthur use. A few years before, on our way back from a long trip, we stopped for a day and a night in their city, back when it was not yet their city. I was surprised by how quickly and loudly Arthur spoke, like he was selling something. Shoving words into other people’s hands. I listened to him barter for a bag of spiced nuts. I was a little bit disgusted.
Later, sitting alone in a park while Arthur went jogging, the thought of his foreign voice turned me on. An ugly dog investigated my foot, and I ignored him. I pictured my face pressed into the mattress and Arthur’s hand pressed into my back. When it was over, he would murmur words I couldn’t understand. There would be parts of him inside me I couldn’t see.
This was what I liked best about sex: possessing something we couldn’t even be sure existed. I hated the sight of semen. Smeared on my thighs, dribbled on my stomach. Milkiness inside a condom, like a bag of something forgotten at the back of the fridge.
The dog nudged my sneaker again. His damp breath on my ankle mocked my fantasy. I frightened myself by wanting to kick him. His leaking nostrils and undisciplined tongue. His swollen testicles, knocking rudely back and forth against his belly.
After dinner, we took a cab, something foreigners were discouraged from doing. Arthur insisted the danger was over-blown. I didn’t necessarily agree, but I assumed this was how other people’s adventures came to be. The car was small and white, and there was a palm-sized hole in the floor. I watched the asphalt speeding by until I felt sick. It was surprisingly mesmerizing.
Arthur couldn’t understand the driver. It’s too fast, he told me. Too much slang. He pressed his forehead against the glove compartment in distress. I covered up the hole with my shoe, to stop myself from watching.
The cab dropped us off at a hotel I didn’t recognize as our own, and it became clear we didn’t have enough money for the fare. Arthur presented his credit card. The driver looked at the plastic, unimpressed. Arthur checked his pockets a second and third time. He said we were only a few dollars short, but he didn’t meet my eyes. Eventually, he got out of the car, assuring the driver he would be right back. I wondered if he noticed he was speaking English. He went into a nearby convenience store, and when he returned he was holding two loaves of bread and a liter of soda. He passed the items through the passenger side window. By then, he had collected himself and he said sorry in the right language.
Back in the hotel room, Arthur kissed me and held my face gently between his hands. He said flattering things that I couldn’t make myself believe. His fingers smelled bad, like coins. I didn’t usually remember to smell him.
I tried my best to think about sex, but instead I thought about the loaves of bread. I pictured the slices palmed into perfect balls, swallowed with Coke straight from the bottle. I pictured sandwiches with multiple meats and sandwiches with nothing but mayonnaise. I pictured them abandoned under the front seat: green then grey then black.
I turned away from Arthur. I apologized in a language I didn’t understand, mimicking his accent, and it made me feel a little better — a little less like myself.
One night — what became the last night — I arrived and Susan was not in her pajamas. She was wearing a floor length dress, which she held an inch above the floor, revealing a pair of white patent-leather shoes. The day nannies were clearly upset. They had already packed their bags. One of them summoned the elevator impatiently.
“It doesn’t come faster if you press it more,” Susan said. She sounded a little haughty, though mostly she sounded sad.
“You’re not the mother,” the nanny said.
“I’m not the mother,” Susan repeated, which was not a retort at all, and left us with nothing to say.
She dropped the hem of the dress, and it was only then that I realized it wasn’t something made for a child. It was a cocktail dress with no sleeves. The arm holes stretched down to Susan’s waist, so I could see her ribs and the elastic top of her underwear. She didn’t have a round stomach or a prominent belly button, as it seemed to me all children should.
The elevator arrived and the day nannies hesitated. Susan walked inside. The dress brushed the floor. The door began to close and she held out her arm, which was hardly more than a twig, to stop it. She reminded me of the trees that are delivered to especially desolate city blocks. Trunks that are more like branches, entire root systems bagged in burlap. Half a lifetime before they will cast any shade, before they finally wedge the sidewalk up and out of their way.
The elevator door didn’t stop when it encountered Susan’s arm, so she put her whole body in its way. She did this without any desperation. Twenty-five floors below her, unthinking metal on either side.
The day nannies dropped their bags and sprang to action. Susan didn’t sink into their arms when they grabbed her. Her body wasn’t built for absorbing into anyone else’s. She folded up neatly, like a chair that advertises how little space it will take up in the closet. The elevator sealed itself up, unaware of whether it was empty or full, buzzing faintly while it descended.
It seemed suddenly perverse that so many hours would pass before I was on the ground again. That all my nights took place at a dangerous height. The windows in my room were required by law to be unopenable. What kind of lives elevated themselves like this?
“Let me go,” Susan addressed the first nanny’s chin. “I’m already late.”
The nannies unbuckled Susan’s shoes instead of responding. Susan pedaled her feet in the air and kicked their wrists half-heartedly.
“Where are you going?” I asked.
“Don’t monitor my whereabouts.”
“Okay,” I said. “Do you know when you’ll be back?”
Susan licked her thumb and rubbed the patent leather ferociously. She began to cry.
“I don’t know,” she said. The shoes clattered onto the floor. She gulped for air while she cried. Her mouth seemed unjustly small.
“Breathe,” the first nanny said.
“Breeeeeeathe,” the second nanny said.
They took long, exemplary inhales.
“Do the thing,” the third nanny said.
Susan looked at her for a few seconds. Then she cradled her arms around an imaginary bundle and began to rock back and forth. She released a long, rattling breath, and stared resolutely at the nothing in her arms.
“Self soothing,” the first nanny whispered to me. She retrieved the bags that had been abandoned by the elevator.
“Consider your baby,” the second nanny said, patting her heart illustratively. She had impressive, maternal-seeming breasts. I wondered if my flat chest was an advertisement for my professional incompetence. Could everyone tell I lacked a spiritual compass? I wore flimsy things called bralettes. I had never disciplined my imagination.
“There’s Gatorade in the fridge.” The third nanny held open the elevator. Her forearm was exceptionally sturdy. Her veins looked like the stems of beautiful, weedy flowers. I imagined them coursing with blood and, implausibly, milk. “Re-hydrate after crying,” she said. Then the door closed and they were gone.
Susan was looking at me when I turned around. She shivered from exertion, but she wasn’t crying anymore.
“It isn’t real,” Susan said, holding out the baby.
I nodded, but I lifted it out of her arms anyway.
“I’ll stay in tonight,” she said. “I’ll go out tomorrow instead.”
I looked tenderly at the inside of my elbow.
“You’ll be back soon,” I said.
“Maybe.”
“Will you miss us while you’re gone?”
Susan circled her hands around my wrists. They were warm, just as they should have been. She wrenched my arms apart before I could stop her. I flinched. The thud of a baby’s soft skull. A jumble of pink brain sloshing back and forth.
“Don’t be silly,” she said, and we went to brush our teeth.
End
About the Author
Clare Sestanovich is on the editorial staff of The New Yorker and graduated from the NYU Creative Writing Program. Her writing has appeared in LitHub, The Atlantic, and Joyland.
About Recommended Reading
Recommended Reading is the weekly fiction magazine of Electric Literature, publishing here every Wednesday morning. In addition to featuring our own recommendations of original, previously unpublished fiction, we invite established authors, indie presses, and literary magazines to recommend great work from their pages, past and present. The Recommended Reading Commuter, which publishes every Monday, is our home for flash and graphic narrative, and poetry. For access to year-round submissions, join our membership program on Drip, and follow Recommended Reading on Medium to get every issue straight to your feed. Recommended Reading is supported by the Amazon Literary Partnership, the New York State Council on the Arts, and the National Endowment for the Arts. For other links from Electric Literature, follow us, or sign up for our eNewsletter.
Sally Horner was 11 years old when she was caught stealing a notebook from a corner store in her hometown of Camden, New Jersey, by a man named Frank La Salle, who claimed to be an FBI agent. La Salle said that Sally could avoid being sent to a reform school (or worse) only by staying in his good graces, a threat which turned into a 21-month ordeal of kidnapping and rape as the two drove across the country posing as a father and daughter.
Sarah Weinman’s The Real Lolita considers the real-life kidnapping of Sally Horner as a direct influence on Nabokov’s famous novel of obsessive romance and sexual abuse. Although Sally is mentioned by name in Lolita, Nabokov never acknowledged her case as having any serious bearing on the book, and The Real Lolita makes a compelling argument that this demurral is both specious and, in many ways, tragic.
By coincidence, I published a novel in June 2018 called Invitation to a Bonfire, inspired by Nabokov’s marriage to his wife, Véra, and the complicated power dynamic that existed between them as he rose to become a literary star. As a Nabokov fan and a true-crime obsessive, I was primed to admire The Real Lolita which explores the Nabokov marriage from a related angle, honing in on Vladimir and Véra’s collaboration over the writer’s image. When Weinman’s book crossed my radar, it felt like fate — as if we were already in conversation, without ever having met.
AdrienneCelt: I was intrigued to learn you did graduate work in forensic science before becoming a full-time writer. For those of us who view that discipline through rosy, Dana-Scully-colored glasses, can you talk about what led you down that path, and whether you considered pursuing forensic science as a career? How does it influence your journalism today?
Sarah Weinman: It’s funny, I recently finished working on a feature talking to forensic science experts about the ongoing true crime boom and whether it’s a boon or a hindrance to their work, and it’s been a massive excuse to reconnect with my old graduate school professors, instructors, and classmates. I grew up splitting my time between science at school and music in extracurricular — my older brother was the “writer in the family”, not me — and when I was finishing up undergrad at McGill University, where I majored in biology, I stumbled onto the website for John Jay College’s forensic science program and had that light bulb moment of, “holy shit, there’s a program for this? I can combine my love of crime and science as a profession?” So I applied, got in, moved to New York, the city of my heart always, in August 2001, and with the exception of a two-year stint back in my hometown, have been here ever since.
‘The Real Lolita’ is my version of Sally Horner’s kidnapping, rescue, and tragic demise. But the only one who could really tell her story fully and properly is Sally herself.
I did consider pursuing forensic science as a career. But I realized (though it took me a while and several failed job interviews) that I was more of a macro thinker in a micro world. Forensic biology in particular, but really so many of the fields, are about the day-to-day of laboratory work. And I wasn’t good at it. I wanted to look at real crimes and cases (and, well, drink with crime writers at book events & conventions). I wanted to understand what makes ordinary people snap or why psychopaths kill people for sport. Crime is society, the world, life. And I wanted to understand it all, through reading and writing both fiction and eventually, journalism.
Though the vast majority of my feature stories don’t involve forensic science, what I learned in grad school was indispensable to doing this journalism. Being curious, a natural skeptic, looking for evidence. But it’s also counter to journalism, which prides itself on creating narrative. Science gives you facts even if they don’t fit into a tidy box, much as we desire that they do.
AC: I can see the difficulty of being a macro thinker in a micro world; it’s very clear in The Real Lolita how your work benefits from room to breathe. The story raises questions not just about incident, but ethics, ambition, art, and the murky origins of inspiration. Which leads me to my next question.
You point out a number of times in the book that Nabokov had a lifelong interest in writing about obsessive relationships with prepubescent girls — though you’re careful to categorize it as an aesthetic interest, not a deviant one. Still, that compulsion was clearly important to you as a writer, and I’d love to hear more about how this motivated your work.
SW: Just to be clear here: you mean that it was important to me that I trace the literary progression of Nabokov’s own compulsion?
AC: I do!
SW: Then yes, I felt like I had to spell it out in a way that showed there was a pattern, an unscratchable itch, the main “thing” that he so often wrestled with in fiction in different ways, with varying success or failure, until he finally arrived at Lolita. Part of it was to show the aesthetic aspect, or even the craft part: that authors have a root theme they come back to repeatedly, but not necessarily successfully. The paragraph in The Gift is a clear precursor to Lolita but it isn’t written as well or obviously developed with the same brilliance. Same as The Enchanter, where the bare bones of Lolita are present, but dressed in a way that doesn’t quite work — and Nabokov knew it, otherwise he would have published it during his lifetime (though I am glad it appeared posthumously).
But compulsion as a basis for fiction fascinates me in general, because I believe readers know when a writer is acting from some more primal instinct, no matter how brilliant they are at conveying the complexities of that compulsion. Whether or not Nabokov was acting from some sense of cloaked moral outrage or something more sinister, or something in between, is not knowable, at least based on his archives, his history, his experience. Though I do tend to think it’s the former (and Véra’s diary note about it lends further credence) but since he was all about art for art’s sake, he wasn’t about to admit it!
Also I wanted to ask you a question, Adrienne: did you have a sense, while writing Invitation to a Bonfire, that you were up against the Nabokovian ghosts? I sometimes felt like I was going to be haunted by Vladimir, and especially Véra, for publishing The Real Lolita, but of course it wasn’t about to stop me from writing the book. But VN, that dynamic duo with the same initials, is such a daunting specter — and yet I also feel like the most successful writers to grapple with that specter are women. Not only you, but also Roberta Smoodin with Inventing Ivanov(have you read that novel? It’s so wonderful.)
AC: I love that the compulsion itself is such a driver for you — in a sense, you’ve made Nabokov’s aesthetic obsession into a narrative engine for your story, which is a beautiful and very literary form of cannibalism. (I hope it’s clear I mean that as a compliment.)
In answer to your question: I wrote the first two drafts of Invitation to a Bonfire completely privately — didn’t tell anyone about them, didn’t talk about the story — and I think that helped me largely escape the agony of influence. The only person I was really in conversation with during the process was Nabokov himself (and, of course, Véra), but I think I was talking to my personal Nabokov, the one who is so intimate and familiar to me from reading, rather than the real man. Which allowed me to insert my own sense of authorial control into the process, in place of his — which would likely have been more forbidding. (Also, no, I haven’t yet read Inventing Ivanov, but I very much want to!)
It was fascinating for me to dive into The Real Lolita after working on Invitation, because despite taking inspiration from the power dynamics of the VN/VN marriage, I actually avoided doing research while I was writing, to give myself and my (imaginary) characters a bit more free reign. Your work is so richly researched and meticulous with the truth; I felt like there was an inspirational kinship between the books, if a differently refracted one. So I’m interested to hear what your intellectual process was with The Real Lolita: did you come to it with a solid hypothesis (“Sally Horner was definitely the inspiration for Lolita” for instance, and/or “Nabokov was hiding something”) or did you start with a question?
SW: First I have to single out this idea of “talking to my personal Nabokov” because I think it has to be that — dealing with specters, avatars, biographical representations, but the only person who could truly understand Nabokov was Nabokov — even Véra couldn’t have had access to every personal and intellectual part of it. (If she had, what of poor Irina Guadinini?) And I think it was wise you knew enough to have the seed of your novel, but not too much to let reality seep in.
As for my intellectual process: I started with the parenthetical in Lolita: “Had I done to Dolly what Frank Lasalle [sic], a fifty-year-old mechanic, did to eleven year-old Sally Horner in 1948”? That line blinks like the most garish neon sign, waiting for someone to notice. And while it turned out (as I discovered while I wrote the book) that someone else had noticed, as far back as 1963 — a young jazz writer named Pete Welding, later a record producer of note — it was Alexander Dolinin’s 2005 essay for TLS that made the connection between Sally’s kidnapping and Lolita more, well, explicit.
I figured Nabokov was far too smart to map Lolita exactly to Sally’s plight. He had this compulsion and it was bigger than any one girl, any one case. But I also figured that he knew of Sally Horner before reading of her car accident death in 1952, but didn’t want to make that too obvious, lest prying eyes like Pete Welding ask him about it. (Once Welding, and the NY Post reporter, Al Levin, who read Welding’s piece, got the brush-off by letter from Véra, no one asked for decades!) The clues are there, though the case for how much Nabokov knew about Sally is ultimately a circumstantial one. I would have loved to slam-dunk it beyond the notecard in Nabokov’s archives at the Library of Congress, but I think a part of me would have been disappointed in VN if I had? I peeked plenty behind the curtain, so to speak, but I appreciate there’s enough of a veil left over that keeps him at an opaque distance from my prying eyes.
AC: Let’s talk about Sally Horner. Were you ever tempted to write a more straightforward true crime book about her, and leave Nabokov as more of a footnote? The inspiration you mentioned above suggests not, but I’m curious how you balanced your desire to give Sally’s story a voice with the need to let that story stay entangled in Nabokov’s messy, private set of influences (and his ambition).
SW: I was never tempted, no. Because The Real Lolita grew out of the article I wrote for Hazlitt — also “The Real Lolita”, though while I was writing the book I had a different working title, Among The Wholesome Children, which I think of as the book’s shadow title still! — and the entire point of that piece was to write about “the real life case that inspired Lolita,” so I always thought of Sally’s plight in conversation with the novel. That said, it was crucial that Sally’s voice take prominence, because her voice was erased. I wanted to know what happened to her. I still feel such a sense of tragedy that her life was cut short too soon, that she did not have the chance to grow up. That, in some alternate universe, she would have read a book like Lolita and responded to it, because Sally, as friends and relatives told me, was quite bookish, the type of girl to read contemporary literature of the day (I still wonder if she read The Catcher in the Rye, and if so, what she thought of it!)
Balancing Sally’s story with the Nabokovian influence was not easy, though. I always knew Sally was the book’s spine, and the road trip helped tremendously with the structure. But getting the Nabokov sections to fit, like spokes, took a long time, and several rounds of edits. Once I realized that mirroring where Nabokov was at a particular point in his life to where Sally was in her cross-country nightmare was the best way to go, The Real Lolita did start to come together more fully.
AC: The symmetry really works. But that’s the challenge of non-fiction, isn’t it? To structure a compelling story while faithfully adhering to facts. Interestingly, we live in a time when many writers — Rachel Cusk and Karl Ove Knaussgard, for example — are having their cake and eating it too in this regard, publishing work that takes direct influence from their lives but calling it fiction, and therefore reserving the right to shape it however the story requires. Autofiction is so much at the vanguard of contemporary literature; do you think, in this environment, Nabokov may have been inclined to loosen up a bit, and more freely acknowledge his influences?
SW: What a great question. I suspect he would have, but under serious duress! Though there is a larger consideration of whether Lolita could be published in our current climate, considering all of the recent bad-faith efforts to intuit literal meaning in what are clearly obvious, if tasteless, jokes. And while I hope the answer is still yes, because even after all these years of working on the book I do believe Lolita holds up as brilliant art, some of the parallels between 60 years ago and today are pretty spooky! Mostly in terms of publishers who didn’t have the nerve to be the ones on the hook, legally, if they needed to defend Nabokov or Lolita in court. Do you think Lolita could be published today?
AC: I’m honestly not sure! I do think that our tendency towards moral panic today is different than the American attitudes towards sex (both sensationalist and Puritan) that made it difficult for Nabokov to publish Lolita in his time. Today we’re more focused on callout culture as it relates to one’s private life; so it’s possible that the book would actually face less scrutiny from publishers now, unless there was a plausible accusation to be made against Nabokov the man. (Which, who knows.) I mean, Alissa Nutting’s Tampa was published in the past few years; Amber Tamblyn’s new novel is about sexual violence. I don’t think there’s as much sense these days that a book about prurience will cause prurience, though I grant that both those examples are imperfect analogues, since they’re written by women (which I think makes them easier for a certain part of the culture to accept).
I do wonder if there would be a less voluptuous reception to the novel once it did come out. I mean, can you imagine a Lolita musical being produced today? (Or, for the sake of a clearer parallel: a Tampa musical?)
SW: I’m also thinking of John Colapinto’s most recent novel, Undone, which was consciously trying to update Lolita for the 21st century — and it was turned down by all manner of US publishers, only finding one after being published in Canada, and ultimately did not sell all that well. On the one hand, no one tried to intuit that Colapinto himself was his narrator; on the other, the appetite for reading such a book by a white man was, shall we say, muted? And would likely be even more so post-#MeToo?
Many misread the novel as a love story because the truth is so hard to digest.
Of course, Lolita was the first, and still the best (I love Tampa; I haven’t read Amber Tamblyn’s novel yet, though.) And because the novel is so genius, so singular, no wonder it’s had a hell of a time being adapted into other media, no matter the attempts. I’ve spent the past few weeks looking more deeply at the ill-fated Lolita musical, because I am amazed so many people who should have known better thought it could be a viable Broadway musical. I am amazed Edward Albee thought he could adapt Lolita into a Broadway play (it flopped, of course.) The two films tried, but Kubrick ran into censorship trouble and Adrian Lyne did too, after a fashion. My brother, also a writer, told me his theory of why Lolita is so hard to adapt: because when you strip away Nabokov’s dazzling prose and manipulative obfuscation, what you are left with is a character, in Humbert Humbert, who is a crashing bore. And seeing Dolores Haze on screen is a queasy experience.
No wonder so many who read the novel really misread it as a love story. The truth is so hard to digest, which is why putting Sally Horner at the forefront forces us to reckon with this most unpleasant of truths, the repeated rape of a child.
AC:Yes, Humbert Humbert’s power lies in his ability to charm readers directly; on screen, you can only see him charming other people, and it doesn’t work as well. He has to be able to seduce you, because otherwise you see right away that he’s seducing a child.
I wonder if you could speak to the effort writers are asked to put into cultivating a public persona. It feels gauche and sort of gross to admit to having any sort of personal “brand,” but in a year when you have a book out, you become very aware that the public is going to develop a story about you — and you can either participate in that story, or just let it happen to you. I find myself wondering if I tilt towards being too available; whether it allows people to cherry-pick elements of my personality (for example, being young, being female, being social) that validate a subconscious desire to consider my work less seriously. Nabokov clearly tilted hard towards controlling his personal narrative, and in many ways it worked — but arguable at the cost of Sally Horner’s legacy, among other things.
How do you think about this for yourself? Is there less call for it in journalism and non-fiction, where the text itself at least appears to give readers the authentic access they crave? Or you feel there’s a moral imperative to outline what “kind” of writer you are (sincere, gonzo, distant, emotive, etc.) when other people’s stories are at stake?
SW: Ah, see, I have come to realize, after all these years of doing journalism and criticism and feature writing and publishing reporting, that I am actually a pretty good marketer. I joked to my publisher that I was less concerned with reading reviews on Goodreads and Amazon than I was about making sure the metadata was on the level and that the search engine optimization was 100 percent sound (you may surmise I am a geek, and this is correct.) So by virtue of the niches I’ve occupied — editing anthologies of women crime writers of the mid-20th century, then true crime at the intersection of culture, also usually 20th century — that adds up to a pretty tangible brand. My newsletter’s called The Crime Lady for a reason: it’s the simplest, pithiest phrase to describe what I do all day, and what I plan to do all day for the rest of my working life.
So maybe that’s another way I admire the Nabokovian desire for utter authorial control. I’d also rather people respond to my work, and not to me personally. It’s only recently that I’ve felt confident enough to venture into personal essay territory. I never felt I was much good at it before and hid behind writing about other people. But when it’s done well, the personal essay is one of the most rewarding genres of writing. I just finished Anne Boyer’s new collection,A Handbook of Disappointed Fate, and that sparked my mind in ways I’m still contending with. So too do hybrid-y writers like Maggie Nelson or Nathalie Leger (everybody has to read Suite For Barbara Loden!) or, from earlier decades, Theresa Hak-Kyung Cha or Elizabeth Smart or Elizabeth MacNeill aka Ingeborg Day. I love writers who engage me on every possible level. But I also love a damn good yarn, too.
AC: Finally, I know you talked to Sally’s surviving relatives as part of your research, and I’m curious if you’ve reached out to them again — or plan to — now that it’s finished. Have they read the book?
SW: I’ve stayed in contact with Diana, Sally’s niece, yes. (I spoke with her father, Al Panaro, for the original Hazlitt article, but he passed away in 2016. There may be other relatives who emerge, but I didn’t find them!) She hasn’t read the book as of this writing, but I suspect she may have by the time The Real Lolita publishes. There’s no hard and fast rule about how long to stay in touch with sources after an article or a book publishes — I’ve talked to fellow journalists about this, some do, some do not — but it felt important for me to keep Diana apprised of some of the major publishing developments, since Sally Horner will belong to the world in a bigger, more archetypal way than ever before. But for Diana, Sally was family, the aunt she barely knew (because she died when Diana was only 4 years old), memories informed by photographs and film clips a whole lot more than the actual person. And if I lose track of that, and also a sense of care and duty, I’ll feel like I did a real disservice to everyone.
Obviously, The Real Lolita is my version of Sally Horner’s kidnapping, rescue, and tragic demise. Other people could have, and do, put together their own versions. But the only one who could really tell her story fully and properly is Sally herself. Since she cannot, and never got a chance to, I hope I did the best I could, and that Sally remains in our cultural consciousness from now on, and for good.
Studying the background of writers who write groundbreaking literature is always a fascinating undertaking. What makes underrepresented writers successful? What drives them to persist and ignore the inevitable early rejections, and allows them to tap into new territory and convince new readers to join them?
Full disclosure: when I began this article, I intended to include male writers. But none responded. Each woman, however, responded enthusiastically, despite busy schedules. So this collection of interviews evolved on its own into a concentration of female writers. In any case, I found this to be an empowering experience, as each writer has something different and inspirational to offer—but they also have a lot in common.
What makes underrepresented writers successful? What allows them to tap into new territory and convince new readers to join them?
For instance, each writer is a person of color (POC), either an immigrant or the daughter of an immigrant, and each writer grew up reading books featuring white heroes and heroines. They all read the same classics — A Little Princess, Little Women, The Secret Garden — and a large amount of science fiction and fantasy authors — C.S. Lewis, J.R.R. Tolkein, Madeleine L’engle. For each woman, books functioned as a safety net throughout the difficult years negotiating new cultures, peer groups, and social structures at school and in the neighborhood. They unanimously shared a feeling of displacement in that not one of them had a book to read that mirrored her own experience.
I asked these writers, who are among the first to portray POCs in high profile or bestselling books, about their novels, and about what drove them to keep submitting till they achieved acceptance. Their topics are timely, often developed before the news caught up to their imagination. And in this time of resistance to immigration, think of the loss if we did not have these writers’ books to educate us. Together, the novels comprise a strong list of worthy titles for both young readers and adults. If empathy is taught through reading, the hope is that more will read these necessary stories, gift them to children, donate them to libraries, assign them to students. These voices need to be heard, now more than ever.
Mitali Perkins
Mitali Perkins has an incredibly diverse background. Born in Calcutta, India, she later lived in Ghana, Cameroon, London, New York, and Mexico before settling in California. This award-winning author has written many novels for young readers that reflect her multicultural experiences and feature marginal characters. Her first novel, Rickshaw Girl (chosen by the New York Public Library as one of the top 100 books for children in the past 100 years), broke both gender and culture barriers.
Tara Lynn Masih: Congratulations on the National Book Award nomination (You Bring the Distant Near, 2017). While you’re considered one of our foremost YA authors, I want you to tell me about the journey to publish your first novel, Rickshaw Girl, which came out in 2007. Did you know it would have such a great reception? I see it’s being made into a film directed by Amitabh Chowdhury. That shows how much your character has withstood the test of time. I also love Bamboo People (2010), and how you bring attention to a violent war between two cultures on the border of Burma and Thailand and reveal the one connection all soldiers have. How would you say these two books, or all your books for that matter, tie together?
Mitali Perkins: Half of my books explore the immigrant, or “hyphenated” life, and the other half are fully set overseas with no American characters. Bamboo People and Rickshaw Girl fit in the latter category and tie together in their exploration of justice and poverty.
Rickshaw Girl was rejected by many publishers before it found a home. Some editors thought kids might not want to travel so far without a “bridge” American character. Others felt it wouldn’t find a market here in the States because it was for younger readers but dealt with “big issues” like microcredit for the empowerment of girls. I kept sending it out because I love my little Naima so much and I wanted readers to meet her, too. She is an amalgamation of my grandmothers who both grew up in Bengali villages and the modern-day girls I met while I lived in Bangladesh. Finally, Charlesbridge took a risk and published it.
We adults continually underestimate what kids care about and how they comprehend ‘big issues.’
The book didn’t sell well at first, but bit by bit, Naima found her way to her readers. It’s been translated into eight languages, adapted into a stage play, and will be released as a film in 2019. It’s become my bestselling book. I hear from second graders who are excited to raise money and donate to microcredit nonprofits like Kiva or World Vision.
The moral of the story for me is that we adults continually underestimate what kids care about and how they comprehend “big issues.”
Crystal Chan
Crystal Chan was born in Wisconsin to a Chinese father and a Polish mother. Outside of Chinese food, her father did little to educate Chan in the ways of his ancestors, choosing to assimilate as much as possible (they were the only mixed race couple in Oshkosh), something many immigrants do for safety (my own father did this, as well). It took her years to find herself and take pride in her mixed heritage, and now she is known for her work in educating readers, students, and workplaces on diversity issues. While Bird, her first novel, received much acclaim and was published in nine countries, for her second novel she had to persist through multiple drafts, multiple rejections, and find a new agent.
TLM: I was a huge fan of Bird, your middle-grade novel. It was one of the first novels for young readers I was aware of that had a mixed-race protagonist. Now you are launching your second novel. The main character, Ronney, is male this time, and mixed race once again, but this time you take on mental health issues and gun control. You’re a woman of vision and I know it took time to find a publisher. Now All That I Can Fix is receiving much praise and many starred reviews. As a mixed-race writer as well, I understand why you don’t declare Ronney’s ethnicity, and I applaud you. But tell us what’s behind your decision to keep it from the reader, and if this was an issue for editors or publishers.
Crystal Chan: Ronney’s decision to keep his racial ethnicity from the reader directly stems from his in-your-face personality. He doesn’t do anything he doesn’t want to do, and he’s tired of people’s prying questions into his racial background and the judgments stemming from that. I’ve had a number of readers comments on how odd it was not to have “a box” to assign him to, and at least a couple of people have said that because of the lack of specificity, in their imagination they started to think of him as racially white.
In the editorial process, I didn’t get any pushback from my editor — she is also a POC and actually liked that part of Ronney’s character — although my first agent (who is white) did express reservation about having him be so in-your-face about refusing to specify his race. So, gratefully, I haven’t gotten too much pushback — not yet, anyway! And honestly, if I do, I think it will be a good opportunity to open up a conversation about why measuring the “pieces of the racial pie” for mixed-race individuals is so important for monoracial people in the first place. While I think that identifying your racial background is important — for both the individual and the community — sometimes clinging to the “pieces” can do more harm than good.
Why? Because then you minimize your actual personhood. Don’t get me wrong, as a race activist, I will be the first to say: Race is important, and exceptionally important. But it’s not the only thing. And something that gets lost is the fact that POCs have to navigate all of the other hardships in life that white people do — hardships of loss, families breaking up, mental illness — on top ofmanaging racism and what that does to our psyche, body, and spirit. This is no small task. And so, for All That I Can Fix, I wanted to highlight that yes, Ronney is mixed race, but he has problems just like you and me, just like the white family down the street.
POCs have to navigate all of the other hardships in life that white people do on top ofmanaging racism.
I’m very passionate about highlighting this fact, that POCs struggle with racism on a daily basis — but then they also have to deal with everything else. Ronney does so with a sense of (dark) humor: That is his survival mechanism, how to get by from day to day. All humans have survival mechanisms, right?
Jennifer Zeynab Joukhada
Jennifer Zeynab Joukhada’s recently released novel, The Map of Salt and Stars, unlike the other books on this list, was not written explicitly for young readers. But the timely topic, the fact that this is one of the first novels released in the U.S. to feature Syrian refugees, and because the 12-year-old protagonist’s voice is accessible to teen readers, makes this novel a must on this list. Joukhada was born in Manhattan to a Muslim father from Syria, and a Christian mother. When the Syrian Civil War began in 2011, it had a huge impact on her, as she worried about her family overseas. She began writing this novel in 2015 in an attempt to understand the plight of refugees, and “how they can redefine home.”
TLM: In true Arab fashion, you deftly weave two stories together in The Map of Salt and Stars. One storyline follows al-Idrisi, a real mapmaker responsible for creating one of the world’s most accurate maps during the twelfth century. You said you explored this because this piece of history isn’t something that’s taught in this country. (Many contributions from people of color have gotten lost over time and to the predominant white culture in the U.S.) Your second and main storyline follows Nour, a young girl born in America, who ends up back in her parents’ ancestral country of Syria, fleeing for her life after war breaks out. In addition to the attention you place on the Syrian crisis, still ongoing, please put this story in context with the current climate in regard to refugees coming over the Mexican border and the administration’s recent treatment, specifically how their experience relates to your novel and to all refugees universally.
Jennifer Zeynab Joukhada: It would be impossible for me to talk about how my novel relates to the experiences of refugees in a universal way, because every person’s story is unique. But in writing a book about maps and mapmaking, I also wanted to talk about borders and how they are differentially enforced. Many nations attempt to restrict the movement of people from certain groups (especially Black, brown, poor, and/or Muslim folks), particularly if they are migrants or refugees, while others enjoy much greater freedom of movement. We are seeing examples of this globally, particularly in the U.S. with the Muslim Ban and with the detainment centers in which migrants crossing the U.S.–Mexico border are being held. With The Map of Salt and Stars, I tried to explore the emotional realities of the trauma of displacement, particularly on children and families, and how the violent enforcement of borders affects those families as they search for safety. I think it’s important to be aware of those realities as we try to imagine a different, less violent world in which refugees and migrants are treated with respect and dignity.
In writing about the violence that is happening in Syria and my community’s grief, I did what I felt was my responsibility not only as a Syrian American but also as a human being — I refused to look away from that pain. I had to carve out space in myself to hold the things I was writing about, no matter how difficult. With this novel, I wanted to make space for both the grief that many people in the Syrian diaspora are feeling right now as well as the potential for hope and healing, if only by keeping our heritage and our loved ones alive by telling our stories. I especially wanted to remind other people of Syrian descent, other Arab Americans, and other Muslim Americans that our voices matter, even when we are so often silenced. I think it’s important that we keep fighting to speak our truths.
Cindy Pon
Cindy Pon was born in Taipei, Taiwan, and immigrated to California when she was 6 years old. As she learned English, words and reading became her passion and she wrote poetry and short stories. When she married and stayed home to take care of her own children, she finally had the time and desire to tackle a novel. Her debut, Silver Phoenix: Beyond the Kingdom of Xia, was named one of the Top Ten Fantasy and Science Fiction Books for Youth in 2009 by ALA’s Booklist. That year, her novel was the only Asian-inspired YA fantasy released by a major publisher.
Pon describes ancient China as “more foreign and seen as less commercial than Mars or the moon.” She has worked hard to make her female heroines step out of the traditional servant role that literature traditionally placed them in, and her latest novel depicts a variety of ethnic characters. She is on the advisory board for We Need Diverse Books.
TLM: In 2008, you were told early on by an editor that “Asian fantasy doesn’t sell,” and you had to contact 121 agents before being accepted. Four weeks later your novel went to auction. Your most recent one, Want, your first sci-fi novel, is nominated for an Andre Norton Award. That’s a big honor. Its plot eerily parallels our current political times — your futuristic Taipei is suffering from the effects of global warming and pollution (the sky is no longer blue), and only the wealthy have access to the healthcare and protection necessary to survive. Your heroes are eco warriors. And an Asian male headshot graces the cover. Please tell me a bit about your journey as an author from your first novel to Want, and if you’ve seen any changes as a result of your groundbreaking books. And do let us know how this fits in with your work as cofounder of Diversity in YA.
Cindy Pon: Thank you, Tara! So while Want is my best-known title five books in, I had a really hard time selling my second duology (Serpentine + Sacrifice). I feel very fortunate the books found a home with Month9Books, but they are probably my least-known titles. So in the conventional sense of the word, I might not be seen as having a booming upward trajectory if you’re only going by sales numbers.
Even when I was told to stop writing what I loved, I kept doing it.
Even when I was told to stop writing what I loved, I kept doing it. I had a meeting with my agent in 2011 after my first duology tanked, and I thought it was a break-up meal. He told me to look at the market, look at what sells. I replied I knew exactly what sells in the current YA market (and it was NOT Asian fantasy), but I was going to keep writing what I wrote. And he was with me or he wasn’t. He is still with me, ten years later. I didn’t see a book with an Asian girl on the cover until my thirties, and that was Lisa Yee’s Millicent Min, Girl Genius (2003). I continue to write for teen Cindy, who read voraciously, but never got to see herself in a book.
I feel that there has been much more dialogue and awareness in publishing inclusive stories, especially speculative fiction (which is what I write). I’ve seen tremendous changes from when I first debuted nearly a decade ago. It wasn’t until recently that I’ve seen publishers put money behind YA Asian fantasies. I believe Traci Chee and Roshani Chokshi were the first Asian fantasy authors who got a strong lead title push with their debuts and hit the NYT list. That’s only within the last few years that we have seen this kind of investment in YA books with Asian protagonists. It was unheard of when Silver Phoenix debuted as the first Asian YA fantasy back in 2009.
It’s very exciting, but there is still work to be done. Malinda Lo and I started Diversity in YA back in 2011, but are on quasi-hiatus now due to our own very busy personal and writerly lives. Also, we feel that We Need Diverse Books has really launched the conversation to the forefront of publishing and is doing such tremendous and important work. It’s incredible to see!
About the Interviewer
Tara Lynn Masih grew up on Long Island. None of the books she read as a youth represented her experiences as someone of mixed descent. My Real Name Is Hanna, her debut novel from Mandel Vilar Press, seeks to draw attention to the roots of antisemitism and racism, to the fall-out of war, and to the tragedies that befall us when diverse communities don’t stand together. Hanna was recognized as a Goodreads’ Best Book of the Month for Sept. 2018 in YA, and received a Skipping Stones Honor Award in the category of multiculturalism.
The box of Raisin Nut Bran in front of me says, “GENERAL MILLS IS ON A JOURNEY” and so, of course, I wonder where he is going.
In smaller type, the box continues, “to always make our cereals better,” which does not seem very Homeric, though still admirable, as is. Likewise, the quest for environmentally sustainable packaging. The “General Mills” in question is a company: the company. Still, I like to imagine General Mills as an old soldier: balding like me, behind enemy lines, no troops to command and no horse to ride, but free. On a journey.
I have been teaching my ninth graders Macbeth, a play that begins with a general on a journey home.
If General Mills and Macbeth had journeyed together, they would have been less lonely.
If General Mills and Macbeth had journeyed together, they would have been less lonely.
2.
MACBETH Tonight we hold a solemn supper, sir, And I’ll request your presence.
GENERAL MILLS Macbeth, you old son of a bitch. I’ll be there.
MACBETH Let every man be master of his time Till seven at night. To make society The sweeter welcome, we will keep ourself Till suppertime alone.
GENERAL MILLS The hell you say. Macbeth, it’s me! I’m here, as they say, to see you. Speak to me, who neither beg nor fear Your favors or your hate.
Let’s walk.
MACBETH Come into my office. [indicates the empty moors]
The two friends walk on the heath together. General Mills is childless like Macbeth, but because they have each other there is no tangled loneliness. Macbeth is not trapped with his wife’s poisonous thoughts, and General Mills pauses in his journey. Banquo and Fleance ride by on horseback.
GENERAL MILLS I like him. A good man and brother-in-arms. His son can ride, too.
MACBETH Fly, good Fleance, fly, fly, fly!
GENERAL MILLS Ah, do you remember when you saved my ass in the smoke when multiplying villainies did swarm upon me? You were a monster out there. You carved a path to that slave Macdonwald and unseamed him from the nave to th’ chops. Do you remember when you fixed his head upon our battlements?
MACBETH I did have a good day.
GENERAL MILLS You know it. You surely did. And there are other things, which we will not speak of — horrors of war, the hurly burly, that could cause a man to break and perhaps kill some houseguests or his family — we call that PTSD, but we don’t need to talk. My former speeches have but hit your thoughts, which can interpret further. You just know that I’m here, brother; you can always find me. I don’t need or want anything from you now. The war is over. We’re just friends: side-by-side with Scotland at our feet.
MACBETH It’s nice to just be appreciated, you know.
GENERAL MILLS It is. It surely is.
MACBETH Sometimes I feel everyone wants something from me. Like it’s impossible to make everyone happy. The king just gave my wife a huge diamond and she complained about it.
GENERAL MILLS Where our desire is got without content, ’tis safer to be that which we destroy. <shudders> There is one thing that would make me happy, but it’s not in your power to grant it.
MACBETH Really?
GENERAL MILLS Yes. I’m on a journey. I’ll tell you at dinner.
3.
I told another teacher that if I were King of Scotland, I would ride my horse across the heath and gallop in the rain until I was alone , then stop at country houses where the windows were lit by warm firelight. My friend is British and said I sounded as mad as King George, whoever that is.
It’s not madness to want comfort from the rain.
My friend told her students that the nurse was the character to watch in Romeo and Juliet because the nurse is the only one who speaks to everyone else. The nurse gives advice to the parents and the kids. She trades dirty jokes with Mercutio. She weeps for Tybalt. In a sense, the nurse is Shakespeare.
I think it’s kind of crazy to think that Romeo and Juliet is about the nurse.
My friend thinks I’m crazy to teach Macbeth instead.
I once read that Macbeth is best performed around a theme of childlessness, but what Shakespeare isn’t? Romeo and Juliet is about childlessness. Juliet’s nurse — like Lady Macbeth, like Shakespeare himself — has lost a child. Romeo’s mother commits suicide when her son is banished. Friar Lawrence, who has no children of his own, gives advice that is as practical as an iron lung. The two families collapse when they lose their children. There’s nothing new in that.
I tell my friend: Macbeth is about childlessness, of course, but more than that, it’s a tragedy of friendlessness. Instead of the nurse, who talks to everybody, we have the night porter, who talks to himself.
Macbeth is about childlessness, of course, but more than that, it’s a tragedy of friendlessness.
4.
When we’d been married a little over a year, my wife and I decided to have a baby. Only we weren’t able to have a baby for some reason, and we gradually came to find the act of taking our clothes off together somewhat humiliating. We decided not to pursue fertility treatment and went to the Bahamas instead. This was the last time I ever saw my wife wear a bikini in public, and it was only because there was zero chance we would see anyone we knew. I admit it made me happy to see her sitting at a poolside bar so nearly naked. We went for a walk around a small island and I felt a bit like Adam in the garden. This was around the time we decided to adopt a child if we could. We felt good about that.
A walk down the cereal aisle at any grocery will show you that most breakfast cereals are made for children.
5.
General Mills gives Macbeth a number of choice cereals for the banquet and these are served in golden bowls with fresh milk from highland cattle. General Mills is disturbed by his host’s face and the clammy sweat that has filled Macbeth’s hair.
GENERAL MILLS You look like you’ve seen a ghost.
MACBETH Did you see him too?
GENERAL MILLS Yes. Of course.
MACBETH So am I not mad? Much afeared I saw A dagger of the mind, a false creation Proceeding from my heat-oppressèd brain.
GENERAL MILLS Hell, no. That son of a bitch is named Booberry. He’s always stirring things up. And his friend Count Chocula, too. Ghosts and supernatural creatures? Not to be trusted. You listen to me. You listen to me.
MACBETH I will. Tell me, what would make you happy, my friend? Tell me.
6.
General Mills is not a great name for a company. It makes me think of a giant factory full of spinning looms or maybe grinding stones. What is a mill, after all? What does a miller do?
I remember the Miller’s Tale on the road to Canterbury: “Water! Water!” and a broken arm. A carpenter wakes from a dream and thinks the world is flooded. My friend Jon told me that the night he broke up with a woman I knew, she went home and cried herself to sleep. She accidentally left the bathroom faucet on because she was drunk. By morning, the floor was flooded. She called him because when she woke, she thought she had filled her house with her tears. “She was a lot like you,” Jon said.
7.
MALCOLM Let us seek out some desolate shade and there Weep our sad bosoms empty.
MACDUFF Let us rather Hold fast the mortal sword and, like good men, Bestride our downfall’n birthdom. Each new morn New widows howl, new orphans cry, new sorrows Strike heaven on the face, that it resounds As if it felt with Scotland, and yelled out Like syllable of dolor.
—Macbeth 4.3.1–6
One time in Timbuktu, I traded my watch for a Tuareg sword, a long knife full of grooves. On the street the next day, a man I’d never met asked me how to set the watch, which apparently he’d bought that morning. I apologized because I knew the mechanism had sand inside and couldn’t be adjusted. The metaphor was laughable. “We can’t change time,” I said. I tapped the crystal, and he made a face as though he’d like to stab me.
My son was fourteen months old when he was put into my arms. His down fall’n birthdom. We said hello through tears, which I hope struck heaven’s face.
It’s wrong to think we own anything in this world or can change the course of time.
Someday we’ll all meet again and weep our sad bosoms empty.
8.
My friend Jon married an Asian-American woman named Cindy, and they had two boys who are half-Chinese and so they look a lot like me. I was the only half-Chinese person at my school when I was their age, but they are growing up in Shanghai, not Indiana, so their experience may be different. My son looks like a young Muhammad Ali. He’s so beautiful. I never saw him coming. I wasted so many mornings thinking I would never know this love. I could have filled my house with tears.
If you think you can see the future, you live like Macbeth.
You make mistakes.
9.
MACBETH What would make you happy, my friend? Let us speak Our free hearts each to other.
GENERAL MILLS I have a dream.
MACBETH Ah, wicked dreams abuse The curtained sleep.
GENERAL MILLS I have a dream, you might even say it’s a quest. Or a journey I’ve been on my whole life.
MACBETH So tell me.
GENERAL MILLS It involves sustainable packaging. It’s all these cardboard boxes. I need a renewable source of wood pulp.
MACBETH It seems to me that Great Birnam Wood is just sitting there. Let’s cut it down. We can do that. I’m Thane of Cawdor.
GENERAL MILLS You mean? I can I build my box factory there?
MACBETH You’re not bringing all that wood here to Dunsinane. Think of the carbon footprint! Just do it on site.
GENERAL MILLS My friend, you’ve saved me.
MACBETH That’s what friends are for.
10.
The most read thing I’ve ever written was an essay that appeared in the “Modern Love” column of The New York Times. I wrote that my son, only five at the time, and I often made breakfast for ourselves before my wife woke up and we had a habit of opening new boxes of cereal. My wife likes to go through one box of cereal at a time to make sure it doesn’t go stale, but my son loves that moment of opening a new box. Five years later, he and I still get in trouble about this. His mother asleep in the next room, my son quietly shakes a fresh box of cereal at me. This is what we do, he whispers: Remember?
Sometimes I need someone to remind me how to be happy.
12.
Art thou afeard To be the same in thine own act and valor As thou art in desire?
—Macbeth 1.7.43–45
So much of life is like coming home from school with an undelivered valentine in your pocket and that is probably how it should be. We can’t act on everything we feel. Once I threatened a man in front of his little girl. She held onto his leg as I put the palm of my hand on his cheek. I twitched with the urge to put a fist through his eye. His forehead was damp with sweat. A stranger threatened to call the police. A friend pulled me away by the shoulder.
So, yes. I am often afeard to join my acts and desires.
That’s good.
13.
I packed the long knife away and gave it to a friend, which was probably a bad idea. Unless you’re the Lady of the Lake, it’s bad luck to give knives as gifts. Macbeth followed a knife into the dark and never came out again.
My friend has the same name as me. He is Chris, too. When we were teenagers playing Dungeons and Dragons, we used to hope that we would die on the same day, in battle side-by-side. That seemed like the best kind of life — every moment up to the end with a best friend to share it. We were Macbeth and Banquo at the start of the play. We had not met witches yet. We had not yet been tried by childlessness or a war with time itself. My friend used to carry that Tuareg sword around in his car. “Just in case,” he said. But no murderers ever attacked his torch in the dark.
He is the only one of my childhood friends who never had children. In middle age, I think sometimes he feels like Banquo’s ghost, everyone with a place at the banquet but him. Chris is tender with my son in a way that breaks my heart.
14.
Chris has been my friend for almost my entire life. Knowing him has been good for my marriage, but sometimes as an example of what I have feared most in myself. A terrible loneliness. On the other hand, one October my son and I carved pumpkins with Chris at a picnic table and my wife took a picture of us: three men, laughing. One of us was black and nine years old. I was balding, my huge head dense with worry, and Chris with the smile I’ve known since third grade, all of us suddenly wrinkled with happiness, shoulder on shoulder on shoulder and giving the camera four thumbs up. My son, in the center, used both hands, while Chris and I held him. And in all my doubt and fear, all my Macbeth, my ambitions — I know that I am not alone. I have someone to talk to and he will help me through any darkness that comes to claim me, whether it is an ownerless knife or half-forgotten dreams.
Macbeth should have been so lucky.
I have someone to talk to and he will help me through any darkness that comes to claim me, whether it is an ownerless knife or half-forgotten dreams.
15.
Certainly the tragic signifier for both plays, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth, is not the deaths of the title characters. The climax is Act 3 in each play, when the main characters’ best friends — Mercutio, Banquo — are murdered. There is no recovering from that. Sometimes a husband or wife becomes a best friend. Why not?
What have I learned from Shakespeare?
Being married doesn’t mean we no longer need friends.
Just the opposite.
16.
If good, why do I yield to that suggestion, Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair And make my seated heart knock at my ribs Against the use of nature?
—Macbeth l.3.134–136
I pray you, remember the porter.
—Macbeth 2.3.21
My wife worries more than me. When she does, I help her wash her hands. She is my best friend. My dearest chuck.
I want to tell the friend I teach with: if Romeo and Juliet is about the nurse, then Macbeth is about the porter. He’s a drunk, stumbling into furniture, a fool full of knock-knock jokes. He asks questions that no one is going to answer. Like the nurse, he is low comedy in a play full of high drama. He is working in the middle of the night. He might be in hell for all he knows, but he is still joking around. I want to tell my friend: if the nurse is Shakespeare, then the porter is me. My friend, can you hear the knocking? The idiot at the door is me.
Sometimes I hear voices that are not there. I stay up late at my desk, which is an empty tabletop like a windless heath.
My mind is made of prose like a cheese is made of milk. I lose my place continually. I am sure the air is made of poems. The knocking I hear is my seated heart. I must answer it.
If I did not have friends, I would open that door all night. My wife calls me to bed. It’s for my own good.
I ride my bike to school in the dark. I see my co-worker keyboarding and eating toast. Seven thirty in the morning and she is already working. When she notices me, she smiles. She tells me I’m mad as King George. She has no idea how mad I am. Or would be. But friendship holds me back.
If Romeo and Juliet is about the nurse, then Macbeth is about the porter. Like the nurse, he is low comedy in a play full of high drama.
17.
But cruel are the times when we are traitors And do not know ourselves; when we hold rumor From what we fear, yet know not what we fear, But float upon a wild and violent sea
—Macbeth 4.2.21–25
Cruel are the times when we do not know ourselves, but then again, do we ever? Our blood is full of salt and makes a wild and violent sea. It fills us and we float in it. Our dreams are incarnadine.
18.
MACBETH King Duncan himself hath said: This castle hath a pleasant seat. The air Nimbly and sweetly recommends itself Unto our gentle senses.
GENERAL MILLS I’m just saying. You shouldn’t get too comfortable. That castle is fine for the birds, I can see some in your roof there, but your throne is next to a peat fire, for Christ’s sake! You can do better than that.
MACBETH We will proceed no further in this business.
GENERAL MILLS I’m just saying: life is a journey. Consider the sea. My friend Crunch here has captained many a vessel and if vessels can indeed be made of blood then he has sailed the seas incarnadine.
A worthy soldier!
MACBETH But yet I’ll make assurance double sure And take a bond of fate.
Is this him?
GENERAL MILLS Indeed it is.
Captain, how now, what news?
CRUNCH I am drained as dry as hay.
GENERAL MILLS What ails thee?
CRUNCH Sleep shall neither night nor day Hang upon my penthouse lid. God, I can’t sleep!
MACBETH What is sleep? Macbeth hath murdered sleep.
CRUNCH What?
GENERAL MILLS As I said: you have the world in common.
CRUNCH Thane of Cawdor, the general hath on your account poured his spirits in mine ear. I would like to invite you to join me on a voyage.
MACBETH Where?
CRUNCH To a land abloom in Crunchberries where elephants eat peanut butter for breakfast and the corn is sweet as candy.
MACBETH Is it far?
CRUNCH Weary sev’n nights, nine times nine, Have I dwindled, peaked, and pined.
GENERAL MILLS As far as your heart, my friend. Life is a journey and we must be warriors if we hope to make the trip.
Everyone screws up their kids a little bit, but no one seems to do it better than the rich and famous. Like the rest of us, many children of the stars grow up just wanting their family to be “normal.” And also like the rest of us, they often find out that no such thing exists. Money can buy a lot of things, but it can’t buy you a do-over on childhood. So might as well make lemonade (juicy tell-all memoirs) out of lemons (traumatic and difficult childhood events), right?
If we’re being honest, we might say we’re attracted to this specific genre of celebrity memoirs because they promise an insider scoop on the people with the highest potential for schadenfreude satisfaction: the rich and famous. We read them less for their literary value. But we’ve collected an assortment to challenge that. Here are nine memoirs written by the descendants of the rich and famous. Some are sweet, some are bitter, but all have some juicy stories about dealing with the reality that even when the world might think your dad is the coolest person ever, you have every right to tell the world he sucks sometimes, too.
Did your father tell you you had “no marketable skills” when you were thinking about what you wanted to be when you grow up? Lisa Brennan-Jobs did. Maybe her father, Steve Jobs, forgot the time he thought her name was “marketable” enough for the eponymous Lisa Apple computer.
In Small Fry Lisa Brennan-Jobs details her life growing up in between a mother who drew stars on her birth certificate and a problematic father who cried to her on his deathbed, “If only we’d had a manual. If only I’d been wiser. But you were not to blame I want you to know, you were not to blame for any of it.” If you ever thought you might have been a more well-adjusted person with massive inherited wealth, this is a good reminder that sometimes it comes with massive inherited neurosis.
Nadja Spiegelman comes from artsy stock. Her father, Art Spiegelman, is the Pulitzer-prize winning author of Maus (which is actually dedicated to Nadja) and her mother is Françoise Mouly, art editor of The New Yorker. Spiegelman’s memoir is about her relationship with her mother and her grandmother, and all three women’s relationship to her grandfather. And while there are plenty of horrors to go around — her mother, for instance, explained to Nadja that the reason she had a second child was to “break the bond” with Nadja — Spiegelman’s memoir is not some kind of cathartic hit piece. As Spiegelman explained in an interview on NPR: “My mother was such a ferociously powerful mother — and I don’t, at this point, having learned so much about her life and what she’s been through, I don’t feel the need for her to apologize or a need to forgive her either. I just feel this very profound understanding.”
John Cheever had somewhat specific hopes for his daughter: “She’ll have long blonde hair and drive a sports car and we’ll call her Susie.” Naturally, Susan Cheever grew up into a person who was none of those things, down to the color of her hair. Cheever reflects on her father’s rages, his bisexuality, his alcoholism, the adoration she wanted but never received and the love she had to work to give him. The book is a biographical memoir Cheever writes in an attempt to understand her father’s life and his role in hers. The New Criterion called it “a journalistic autopsy”and a “blatant exploitation of literature,” while the New York Times called it “intimate, deeply felt, and often harrowing.”
From her longtime friendship with Joan Rivers to the personally damaging time her family spent on the MTV series The Osbournes to her own struggle with addiction, Osbourne writes an on-brand book about how hard work and the right attitude have gotten her where she is today (ancestral fame and MTV aside).
Ernest Hemingway’s ghost won’t die. Despite being born just after Hemingway committed suicide in 1961, Mariel Hemingway’s life was haunted by her grandfather’s fame — and the consequences it had for her family. “The Hemingway Curse,” as they affectionately referred to it, meant alcoholism, depression, and suicide were everywhere in the Hemingway clan. The book details her life growing up in rural Idaho, her parents’ alcoholism, her sister’s depression and suicide, and Mariel’s experience filming Manhattan and dealing with Woody Allen.
Linda Gray Sexton is a novelist in her own right, and the executor of her mother’s estate. In Searching for Mercy Street, Linda Gray Sexton contextualizes the facts of Anne Sexton’s life with the consequences they had on Linda Gray’s life. She recalls tapes from Anne’s therapy sessions, where Anne Sexton relays to her therapist: “I want [my daughter] to go away, and she knows it.” But then there were also the times Anne Sexton would go into a rage if she sensed her daughter might favor a boyfriend, a friend, or a therapist over her mother. There were also the times Anne Sexton demanded they do a kind of “role play” where Linda Gray was the parent and Anne the child. Linda Gray explains that the only way she knew how to get closer to her mother was to get closer to words, and so she did.
One of the downsides of having a famous storyteller for a father might include his total disinterest in the story of your life. In Erica Heller’s memoir, she writes about her father Joseph Heller’s proclivity for cruelty. Rumor has it Erica picked up some of Joseph Heller’s manuscript pages once, and thought she saw her likeness there. When she asked her father about it, he said “What makes you think you’re interesting enough to write about?”
When part of the definition of your success includes becoming your own action figure by nineteen and you’re the daughter of Eddie Reynolds and Debbie Fisher, it’s your societal obligation to write a memoir. There’s a lot to cover for the “Hollywood inbred” daughter: from the time Elizabeth Taylor broke up her family, to her own marriage and divorce to Paul Simon, to her experience with electroshock therapy. Read this one to miss Carrie Fisher more than you already do.
The cruelest, juiciest celebrity kid memoir is also the one that defined the genre. Before Christina Crawford published her memoir in 1978 — within a year of her mother’s death — the world knew the relationship between mother and daughter was not the greatest. (I mean, how would you feel if your 60-year-old mother stole your role on your soap opera while you were on a medical leave?) It’s hard to choose which horrors to highlight in summary. You might already know that Joan once apparently woke Christina Crawford in the middle of the night, dragged her around by her hair, and beat her for using wire hangers to hang her clothes. But the book also details more subtle psychological tortures: for instance, one Christmas, the children were photographed in front of piles of presents and then told they could pick only one. The rest were re-gifted, but the children still had to write thank you notes for every single gift. While the book is out of print, and Christina’s siblings contested her version of their childhood, the stories live on in the movie adapted from the memoir in the 1981 film.
DON’T MISS OUT
Sign up for our newsletter to get submission announcements and stay on top of our best work.
YOUR INBOX IS LIT
Enjoy strange, diverting work from The Commuter on Mondays, absorbing fiction from Recommended Reading on Wednesdays, and a roundup of our best work of the week on Fridays. Personalize your subscription preferences here.