We Need to Start Taking Young Women’s Love Stories Seriously

The subject of almost all of my fiction so far has been the love lives of young women. For a long time, I found this to be both extraordinarily embarrassing and also something I couldn’t help. Throughout my twenties, sex and relationships were what I thought about most, what seemed most mysterious and urgent. If I could have chosen my subject — if I could have written about any subject equally well — I would have chosen something “serious,” the sort of fiction that would inspire people to ask not “Did this really happen?” but “So what are your thoughts on [X]?” Although I have always written about young women’s relationships, I have also always secretly believed that this subject was less important than other, stereotypically male, subjects.

If I could have chosen my subject, I would have chosen something “serious,” the sort of fiction that would inspire people to ask not “Did this really happen?” but “So, what are your thoughts?”

It is not difficult to understand where this idea came from. I began writing in the early 2000s. In many of my early fiction workshops, professors and fellow students derided stories involving girls’ periods/bodies/love lives, books with shoes and lipstick on the cover, and YA literature. At the same time, they praised fiction about the erections and affairs of John Updike and Philip Roth’s protagonists and considered books about adolescent boys — Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time — to be adult literature. (With a handful of exceptions, fiction by men and women of color was simply not mentioned). When fiction by women was taken seriously it was typically 1) about a middle-aged man (Bel Canto, The Shipping News) 2) an exception to be apologized for (“I certainly didn’t expect to like a book called Housekeeping”) or 3) fiction that asserted the author’s credibility through intertextuality, extensive research, or historical commentary (The Great Fire, Beloved, A Thousand Acres). In the rare instances in which authors who wrote about women’s love lives were recommended by male classmates and teachers (Lorrie Moore, Mary Gaitskill), their stories were almost always told in a distanced third person that indicated that the author was not simply more intelligent than the characters, but also making fun of them. Zoe Hendricks, for instance, the protagonist of Moore’s famous “You’re Ugly, Too,” is introduced like this: “She was almost pretty, but her face showed the strain and ambition of always having been close but not quite.” You could take a story about a woman’s love life seriously as long as the story itself appeared not to.

You could take a story about a woman’s love life seriously as long as the story itself appeared not to.

Some of this attitude was the simple narcissism of patriarchy — “stories about young women aren’t interesting to me and therefore they aren’t interesting” — but some of this was a more complicated blindness. If you have never been a young woman or tried to understand the experience of being a young woman, the drama of young women’s loves lives is illegible to you in the same way that walking through the United States as a person of color can seem uncomplicated to a white person. But falling in love as a young woman, especially perhaps, as a young woman seeking out men, often requires complex negotiations with power and a long period of learning and unlearning lessons about how to find intimacy without erasing yourself. How can you allow yourself to enjoy sex on your own terms without being punished for it? How can you find power and autonomy in a relationship without taking other people for granted? And how can you date/fall in love/exist as a young woman in America without encountering violence?

When I was first learning to write, I also had trouble accurately telling stories about young women’s love lives while also following the “rules of fiction.” Good stories showed instead of telling; interesting characters acted instead of reacting. But how did you show something that not everyone could see? And why was passivity such an unworthy subject for literature when, in my own life and in the lives of my friends, it so often undergirded nearly every dramatic encounter — not an avoidance of story, but the thing at the center of every story that had to be negotiated. Sure, a story about a person sitting alone in a room thinking was unlikely to be particularly engaging, but what about the story of a person in danger who feels too immobilized by fear to do anything?

Why was passivity such an unworthy subject for literature when, in my own life and in the lives of my friends, it so often undergirded nearly every dramatic encounter ?

Take, for instance, this story from my life in Tempe, Arizona, circa 2005. Late spring. A Sunday. I am walking through my neighborhood when a car slows beside me and the men inside begin catcalling me. I ignore them and keep walking. They follow me. At the next red light, I cross the street so that I am going in a different direction. They keep following me but now their flirting has been replaced by anger. I have ignored them. They call me names and continue to follow me. I eventually make my way to a gas station where I approach a parked taxi and ask the driver to get out of his car. The men idle beside me until the taxi driver, a heavy sweaty man who appears to be in a bad mood reluctantly steps out of his car and then they leave. The men are active characters and, therefore, by the workshop rules I have learned, interesting, but what about me? When I chose not to speak to them was this passive or active? How about when I asked a male stranger to intercede? As a general rule, passivity is boring because it avoids conflict, and yet, in this particular instance, true passivity — i.e. getting in the car with these male strangers, going wherever it was that they wanted to go, doing whatever they wanted to do — is the precise thing that would have introduced more tension into the story.

In a New York Times editorial published this past spring, Viet Than Nguyen argued that the “rules of fiction” that writing workshops teach are rules that favor the stories of white men. “As an institution,” he wrote, “the workshop reproduces its ideology, which pretends that ‘Show, don’t tell’ is universal when it is, in fact, the expression of a particular population, the white majority, typically at least middle-class and often, but not exclusively, male.” The edict against passive protagonists, I would argue, is also a rule that discriminates. To see action as the beginning of tension and to see passivity as the end of the story is a privilege. This view imagines the protagonist always as the actor, never the one being acted upon, and this, as the #metoo movement has shown, is still simply often not the reality for many women — especially young women seeking sex and intimacy with men.

The edict against passive protagonists is also a rule that discriminates. To see action as the beginning of tension and to see passivity as the end of the story is a privilege.

This dynamic is most noticeable in the wide collection of movies, books, television shows, and short stories about young women whose plots hinge upon the possibility of violence. In Joyce Carol Oates’ “Where are you going? Where have you been?” for instance, the real threat is introduced not because Connie is active but because she is paralyzed by fear and transformed from a self-confident, if somewhat narcissistic, teenager into someone no longer capable of protecting herself. But female passivity is also the engine of the drama in many stories by and about women that do not involve male violence. There are, for example, the stories of Alice Munro such as “Post and Beam” that are engaging because of a rich inner life and process of discovery that ultimately goes unspoken, and there are the countless female villains throughout life and literature whose crimes are ones not of action but of maternal neglect. The stories of female protagonists operate differently than male protagonists because the rules by which we live our lives are different.

Are things changing? The celebration of books like Emma Cline’s The Girls or Britt Bennett’s The Mothers and this year’s all-female 5-under-35 National Book Award list make me feel optimistic that they are, that people are not only more willing to read books by and about woman but are increasingly aware that a person’s story and the way she can tell that story largely depends upon her place in society. Even so, it’s hard for me to quiet that voice that tells me that while stories about the love lives of men have always been at the center of “serious literature,” the stories about the love lives of women are something else.

The feeling was embarrassment — not so much at being a woman but in writing and reading in a way that made my womanliness conspicuous to other people.

Recently, I visited a class of college students who had just read my story collection and a young woman tentatively raised her hand. The book had resonated with her and her female friends, she said, but she wondered if I had written a book only for young women and if this bothered me. “I mean, just look at the cover,” she said and pointed to the photograph of a young woman and the curling script’s pink letters. “I probably wouldn’t give this to one of my guy friends.”

I stumbled through an answer to the student. I think I said something about valuing female readers, particularly those readers who saw themselves in the stories, and then something about how it is a problem when men only read books by and about men and white people only read books by and about white people. I don’t remember exactly what I said — just that I wasn’t brave enough to admit that, yes, it bothered me if young men didn’t want to read my book about young women with pink letters on its cover, that I hoped she was wrong, that I hoped she was underestimating her guy friends, and that surely, some of the guys she knew who dated and slept with and befriended young women also believed that their inner lives were complicated and worth imagining.

I thought about this moment again and again. The student had seemed certain that, simply based on its subject matter, young men wouldn’t be interested in the book, and this made her feel sorry for me, as if something that was appreciated only by other young women like her couldn’t possibly be important. This sentiment was deeply familiar. It was the same feeling that had once driven me value the praise of male writers over female writers or to pretend to appreciate famous books by famous male writers more than I did. It was the feeling that still sometimes made me secretly long to write a wordy novel about war or to question my own experiences when they were unrecognizable or uninteresting to men. The feeling was embarrassment — not so much at being a woman but in writing and reading in a way that made my womanliness conspicuous to other people. Tackling sexism in the writing and publishing world is a big job with multiple and varied solutions, but one piece of the puzzle is as simple as confronting this impulse to embrace books we perceive as masculine and to distance ourselves from those we perceive as feminine.

Shit Boyfriends Say

“i love you”

By Kathy Fish

this jealousy of yours is a problem you need to love yourself more you need to have more self-confidence I’m super attracted to confident women I have a lot of women friends she wrote to me really upset and I helped her out don’t you want me to be the kind of man who helps women out okay so I’m the bad guy here and you’re perfect right I love you but you’re not being reasonable you’re being a little crazy are you on your period what did your friends say about me do you believe your friends over me I’m being 100% honest with you here you went online to find bad things about me I just like to join websites under assumed names and follow women around I’m kind and interested in their lives does that make me a predator now I admit I used to ask women for pictures oh that email with my photo that I accidentally forwarded to you was an old email address I don’t know what happened technology am I right well it was just the kind of dumb thing drunk people do wait now you’re bringing up that woman again the one who claimed she and I were involved she’s crazy it was one long email exchange late at night talking about boring stuff life kids dogs we talked for three hours and she sent me pictures but I certainly didn’t ask for them and suddenly she thinks we’re involved jesus christ she’s crazy she took it wrong you shouldn’t believe her that’s always happening to me I guess I need to be more careful I wish you weren’t so insecure I wish you could be more forgiving I’ve forgiven you many times for your jealousy which is still a problem

“Thank You For Your Order”

By Dorothy Bendel

Thank you for placing your order with us. You will receive a confirmation once your order has been sent.

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What Kurt Vonnegut Can Teach Us About Coping with the Internet

Tralfalmadorians do it in four dimensions. The aliens of the Kurt Vonnegut universe, most notably appearing in Slaughterhouse-Five, find it quaint that humans can only see what’s happening to them right now. Tralfalmadorians, instead, “can see where each star has been and where it is going, so that the heavens are filled with rarefied, luminous spaghetti.” Humans are doomed to merely imagine the future, and to remember the past with increasing dimness and imprecision. For Tralfalmadorians, everything and everyone is doing everything they always will all at once.

But knowledge is useless without the ability to act. When Billy Pilgrim asks why they don’t prevent the end of the world, caused by a test pilot pressing a button, they say they simply cannot. “He has always pressed it, and he always will. We always let him and we always will let him. The moment is structured that way.”

On Earth, I am always quoting an article about health care in America.

I am always calling someone “retarded” as a term of endearment.

I am always telling people that I am safe and nowhere near Mumbai.

I am always defending the concept of “Steak and Blowjob” day.

I am always hugging a friend I see every day and never see anymore, bragging about stealing rum from a frat house, performatively announcing that I will be using Twitter to amplify other voices, telling someone I’ve cut out of my life that I love them.

Social media has not gotten us to the point where we can experience something like the future. But our pasts are always happening in real time, turning us into half-Tralfalmadorians. Anyone scrolling through my Facebook feed, which has existed since 2004, or who Googles enough to unearth my awful old blog, can see everything I’ve posted — every misguided opinion, every drunk photo and inside joke — with the clarity and presence of the moment I posted it. I am 17 and 24 and 31, forever.

Social media has not gotten us to the point where we can experience something like the future. But our pasts are always happening in real time.

For Tralfalmadorians, the solution was to approach this information with a shrug: “So it goes.” If everyone is always doing everything they always have, then there is no point in frustration. No one can change, because there is no such thing as change. And if everyone’s pasts are always there to see, then it’s not like anyone can lie. For humans it’s not so simple. We are expected to grow and change, but we also remain bound to our online pasts. (We can edit our public records, sometimes — I can’t delete my old blog no matter how many times I email Blogger — but other people can keep receipts.) Growth is hard when anyone we meet can see all the horrible things we’ve ever said. It’s especially hard when those horrible things might ambush us at any moment, attached to the message “We care about the memories you share.”

Our perceptions of each other are already warped by memory. Our parents cannot stop seeing us as children who need their help, even if we’ve grown. My ex-boyfriend will never stop being the guy who called me a slut for having had sex once before I met him, even if (I hope) he treats his wife better than that. I’m sure a friend has a postcard I sent her somewhere where I make jokes I’d never make now.

Still, it was easier to move from one moment to the next when time appeared linear, and the past could become past. The sting of most actions fade with time, especially when coupled with different, newer ones. But the internet amplifies our memories, and makes them something more than memories — something closer to the Tralfamadorian experience of all the past existing all the time. Instead of a distant recollection, we have proof — our radiant young faces smiling back at us, reminding us exactly where we are, where we were, what we did. Anyone can visit any version of ourselves whenever they want, a permanent slideshow of how we haven’t always been the person we’ve tried to become.

Kurt Vonnegut Walks Into a Bar

Editing only makes it worse. Prospective employers get creeped out if there’s nothing about you online, and for a prospective date, this might make you seem like a serial killer. What’s more, learning about someone’s online past can be a form of affection. “Failure to look someone up online seemed almost rude, a sign of disinterest,” wrote Maureen O’Connor for The Cut, after a date said he wasn’t going to Google her until he got to know her in person. If there are things about each other for us to know, why wouldn’t we want to know them?

It would be easier to reckon with our pasts if everyone else did too. But all our posts and pictures don’t come with addendums, letting anyone looking know what our current selves regret. While Tralfalmadorians see the actions and movements between each version of ourselves, we get only a scatter graph. I am not the spaghetti of choices I’ve made between 2009 and 2018. I am only both then and now, no matter how conflicting they are. It doesn’t matter if I would never again say what I said. I said it. I’m always saying it.

It doesn’t matter if I would never again say what I said. I said it. I’m always saying it.

The problem is we’re too Tralfalmadorian and not Tralfalmadorian enough. We do not have a grasp of the future enough to throw up our green hand with an eye in its palm and say “So it goes,” nor can we be blissfully unaware of anything happening outside our own present. And even when looking into the past, we see our shifts and changes in ungraceful chunks instead of the luminous spaghetti of the stars.

When Billy Pilgrim asks how Tralfalmadorians handle seeing every bad thing anyone has ever done, every war, every selfish decision, all the time, they say they just try to focus on the good things: cherry pick what they want to see and ignore what they don’t, since it’s all happening anyway. It feels irresponsible to do that as a human — akin to the “but he’s always been nice to me” method of excusing an abuser. We’re not fantastical aliens out of books. We need to find a way to reckon with everything about who we are.

But if we’re going to learn something about memory and time and history from these fantastical aliens out of books, maybe we can learn it from the way Tralfamadorians read. “There isn’t any particular relationship between all the messages” in a book, one of them tells Billy, “except that the author has chosen them carefully, so that, when seen all at once, they produce an image of life that is beautiful and surprising and deep. There is no beginning, no middle, no end, no suspense, no moral, no causes, no effects. What we love in our books are the depths of many marvelous moments seen all at one time.” When Tralfamadorians read, they don’t see the plot or even the characters. What they see is the curation, the human touch. It’s the very humanity of this craft, the way a story reflects its author and her choices, that makes a book beautiful.

If Tralfalmadorians can ignore the long noodle of time to focus on a collection of marvelous moments, then maybe we can do the opposite. We can remember that between one post a decade ago and now, there were endless versions of ourselves and others, changing and choosing. And that we will continue to do so in ways we can’t see until we look back. We can look at the Facebook scatter graph and calculate our full trajectory, so that those different points become one experience. I am always who I’ve always been, different and the same every second. Luminous spaghetti streaking across your timeline.

Morgan Jerkins Is Putting In the Work

You may already know Morgan Jerkins’ name, especially now that her debut, This Will Be My Undoing: Living at the Intersections of Black, Female, and Feminist in (White) America, has made the New York Times bestseller list in its first week. Morgan writes about issues affecting her personally, but also issues that affect Black woman as a demographic, and it’s encouraging to see her tenacity lauded when our voices have been, and still are, traditionally beckoned to be quiet. Morgan isn’t one to be quiet or deterred. From interviewing literary icons such as Claudia Rankine and starmakers like Issa Rae to researching lost legends of the Harlem Renaissance to exploring her own bouts with privilege and her experiences as a Black woman, Morgan’s portfolio has grown to show her versatility as well as her interests. These are often are tied to explorations of identity, history, and breaking down assumptions, while also showing vulnerability when reflecting on herself. I was happy to speak with Morgan prior to the publication of This Will Be My Undoing. The rest of this interview can be heard on the Minorities in Publishing podcast, where transcription of the full episode is also available.

Jennifer Baker: You’ve talked a lot about the barriers of entry into publishing — also touched upon in your book — especially being someone who went to an Ivy League.

Morgan Jerkins: I started commuting to New York multiple times throughout my senior year to interview for positions, entry-level positions. Mind you, when I would go on websites, it would say, “Ideally someone with a literature background, a four year college degree, list your favorite books.” Very standard. I thought to myself, I must have it in the bag, because I have an Ivy League college degree, I’ve had three unpaid literary internships — a couple of them. I spoke five foreign languages in addition to English, and I had a comparative literature background. I went to these meetings expecting something, and I got nothing. I went to New York for these day-long trips for 15-minute interviews and I wouldn’t even get a call back. It devastated me emotionally. I remember even getting rejected from a job on the day of my baccalaureate because the editor told me that my literary interests didn’t match hers, and this was after I was supposed to critique a manuscript, and they gave it me a day late.

JB: I’ve been there. I remember those.

MJ: I was working on it in the midst of graduation practices, and I still got rejected, and so I went back home to my mother’s house in New Jersey. And on top of that, I thought I was falling in love with this guy. I talk about it in my book. That went to crap as well, in a horrendous way. The only thing that was keeping me sane in a sense, that made me realize that I still had some talent, was that I was accepted into an MFA program at Bennington, and that’s what helped me.

I saw so much content being exchanged, and I thought, “Oh, people can write online, or people can get paid online. I think I want to do this!” Now mind you, about a couple of weeks before I graduated, I did write a piece for Ebony about privilege at Princeton and all that. It was a response to a white student there that talked about privilege and whatnot. So, I thought, maybe I should just do this more. I should flex this muscle. So I just jumped into the deep end, so to speak. I didn’t have any mentors at the time who said, “Here are your contacts and here’s how to write a pitch.” I learned through rejection.

I had a mantra in my head. I said, I may not be the best writer out there, but I’m going to work harder than the best writer. I’m going to be the writer who editors know can produce a 1000-word essay in under 45 minutes. I’m going to be the one who’s reliable, who can turn in quick copy, and be that person that they can rely on. That’s what I did. I wanted my name to be any and everywhere. So that’s what happened. In the beginning it was like, okay, if I can publish one piece a month, I’ll be great. Then it started becoming two pieces a month, or maybe two pieces one month, one piece the next one, then three pieces the month after that. Then editors started to contact me.

I had a mantra in my head. I said, I may not be the best writer out there, but I’m going to work harder than the best writer.

JB: And then there’s the whole “you’re overqualified,” right? So the assumption for some jobs is, well, you have so much experience, you’ll get bored, so therefore you won’t want this job. They’re making this decision for you, rather than accepting that you’re there for a reason.

MJ: At that time I never thought I was overqualified. I thought I had to be the best. I had to be over and above because I was Black. I never shook hands with another editorial assistant who was not a white woman. So I knew that I had to have an Ivy League degree. I had to be multilingual, because what Black people, I think, will consider “over,” I thought that was just the minimum for the white publishing world. My sense of measurement was completely skewed. Or completely right on the ball, depending on who you ask.

JB: That’s true. Because it’s not shocking, but it’s mind-boggling in the sense that even when you excel, you cannot get that job.

MJ: I think it’s a lesson that every person of color and Black woman learns sooner or later in her life. That you could be above and beyond, and you could know you could do the job well, but sometimes you’re just not what they’re looking for, for certain reasons that are not necessarily tied to your experience. It might be tied to your race or aesthetic or whatever have you. And so, that was just a lesson I learned early on. Granted — I guess I can say this now with an optimistic viewpoint because I am where I am — I know that in retrospect those jobs weren’t for me. Maybe I would not have flourished.

Nafissa Thompson-Spires Is Taking Black Literature in a Whole New Direction

JB: Getting to your book. I feel like it’s a very specific rendition of a Black woman’s life, and an analysis of that life, especially being very, very aware of being in a Black body, and being in a Black woman’s body. It’s necessary to recognize that you don’t necessarily want to pull these things apart when you’re talking about labiaplasty, when you’re talking about relationships, and sex, and going to Russia, going overseas, being in an Ivy League, what Michelle Obama means to us as a representative, as a human being, wanting to be white and reconciling with that too.

MJ: I wanted to make it specifically clear in the book — I cannot speak for every Black woman’s experience, so I had to make that clear. I’m speaking from one experience. It’s one. I hope that it will illuminate certain things, but it cannot illuminate all things. I don’t know everybody’s experience. Yeah. I think it was just a matter of, what are the key moments of my life when I knew I was a Black girl, or Black woman? Just talk about it and try to not make it so much in a bubble, because we don’t live in a bubble, and to try to tie it back to something bigger.

I wanted to make it specifically clear in the book — I cannot speak for every Black woman’s experience, so I had to make that clear.

JB: There’s also an intuitiveness to these essays, I think. You made yourself the focus, but people can make themselves the focus of the wrong things.

MJ: Absolutely. So, I think it’s just…when I was writing about dating… I never really really worried “what if” because I didn’t want to guess myself. When I was writing these experiences, it was so vivid in my mind. Almost like I was reliving it all over again. That’s how I realized how much it affected me.

JB: And how is that to write, when you’re reliving it?

MJ: It was hard. I remember when I finished the last draft, final draft, I cried. Not because I regretting anything, but I remember when I was talking to my friend about it, she told me, she said, “It’s because you’re mourning your former selves. You’re mourning your former selves.” When she said that, I said to myself, “You’re right.” I’m mourning those women, those multiple girls and women that I used to be.

JB: I was talking to Vashti Harrison about her book Little Leaders. And how it’s a book about women, Bold Women in Black History, that’s the subtitle. People are like, “This is a great book for girls! This is a great book for girls!” Because it is, it’s for the girls, to encourage the girls, but also, these are good books for men. It is good for men to read feminist work.

MJ: Absolutely.

JB: Maybe it’s not for them, in the vein of “Lemonade” is not for white people…

MJ: Because something is not for you doesn’t mean that you can’t watch it. I feel like people of color have watched things that were not intended for them since the beginning of time. So that’s why when I think about…this book is written by a Black woman, it’s for Black women, I don’t know if it’s for me. No, you still need to read it. Because, guaranteed that people of your same identity have done something to affect the way that we as Black women perceive ourselves in the world. So, yes, you do need to read it, just like I read Joan Didion. There’s so many others.

JB: I do encourage men to read this because maybe it’ll gain some empathy. Maybe it’ll just piss you off because you’re all in your feelings. I don’t know.

MJ: Whenever you’re in your feelings about something that is not directed to you specifically, that is a great place to investigate why. That is a place to investigate. Because why? Because I’m talking about misogyny? Or misogynoir? Or sexism? That you’re not on the short end of? Why does that bother you? I was going to say that a hit dog will holler, but no, I won’t go there, because I don’t know y’all like that. I don’t know y’all, but I will just say that if you feel hurt by a man by reading what I say, that’s a good way to investigate that, that’s a good way to discuss that, rather than, “Oh, she’s bitter.” Something dismissive. Because I’m not dismissing you all.

Whenever you’re in your feelings about something that is not directed to you specifically, that is a great place to investigate why.

JB: I wanted to ask, do you think bitter is also on par with the word “sensitive”? When people say, “You’re being too sensitive.”

MJ: No. I don’t. I think “bitter,” from my experience — let me make sure I just say that — “bitter” is so tied to bitter Black women, strong Black women, bitter Black women. When it’s, “You’re so sensitive,” I feel like, for me, the way I interpret it, and I could be wrong, it’s rather tied to women, period. Not Black women. But being bitter is so loaded towards Black women. It is loaded. It’s just like, strong. It’s so loaded when you’re talking about Black women. “Sensitive,” it’s more for…it feels like it just collapses under women in general. But that’s just the way I interpret it.

JB: I hear you. Because I look at those words and how much we experience them, and sometimes it feels as though anger is always valid, and then I wonder, well, we have a right to be upset or angry, and maybe that is bitter, or maybe it’s not bitter. Maybe that’s just anger and frustration.

MJ: And why not?

JB: It’s synonymous, and that’s totally valid. That’s a totally valid feeling, and I wonder why that word is the one that is always used, just like the word “sensitive,” because they’re both used to brush us off in a way.

MJ: Because I think it’s a discursive tactic in order to alleviate the responsibilities of other people, because if you start asking, “Why is this woman feeling this way? Where did she learn that? Who did this?” Then it takes less of the burden off her and puts more of the responsibly on other people to do better. But we don’t ask other people to do better. It’s always the Black woman’s burden to look after herself and other Black women. But who looks out for us if we don’t look out for us?

The 12 Worst Workplaces in Contemporary Literature

From office drones occupying bland white cubicles of repressed misery in Corporate America to unwanted but necessary guest workers toiling in the hot sands of Abu Dhabi, these 12 contemporary books skewer corporate culture and reveal the inevitable result of a capitalistic society that views workers as anonymous, replaceable cogs in a never-ending pursuit of profit.

This Could Hurt by Jillian Medoff

This Could Hurt opens with a series of employee terminations (if the cover or title isn’t telling enough) in the wake of the economic recession. HR executive Rosa Guerrero is tasked with the paradoxical job of guiding her employees while firing more and more people to maintain profitability. Her department has shrank from twenty-two to sixteen to thirteen and now, eleven with “despair (setting) in.” Each chapter features the viewpoint of different characters, retelling the same meetings and conversations from their perspective. The motley crew of middle managers are self-absorbed, manipulative, and dysfunctional but their all-too-human flaws are redeemed by their fierce loyalty to Rosa and the lengths they go to to protect her when she experiences a stroke that leads to her memory and behavior deteriorating.

Temporary People by Deepak Unnikrishan

Temporary People is a work of fiction set in the UAE, where I was raised and where foreign nationals constitute over 80 percent of the population. It is a nation built by people who are eventually required to leave,” prefaces the author. In these 28 interlinked stories and poems, Unnikrishnan combines Malayalam, Arabic, and English to encapsulate the dissonance of these displaced guest workers straddled between two countries and breaking their backs for a country that they can never call home. The displacement and dehumanization of these perpetual foreigners manifests as metamorphoses: a migrant moonlights as a mid-sized hotel, a runaway shape-shifts into a suitcase and a sultan grow “ideal” workers with a twelve-year shelf life from pods. One chapters contains only a list of occupations “Tailor. Hooker. Horse Looker. Maid.” and ends with “Cog. Cog? Cog.” With anti-migrant sentiment at an all time high, Temporary People is a timely and necessary exploration of how “temporary status affects psyches, families, memories, fables, and language(s).”

The Beautiful Bureaucrat by Helen Phillips

Young married couple Josephine and Joseph are fresh arrivals to the city bouncing from one grimy sublet to the next, hoping to finding work and better their lives. Josephine’s life take a turn for the bizarre after she is hired by a faceless, androgynous person. She spends her work days in a tiny windowless office enclosed by revoltingly pink walls, entering a never-ending series of incomprehensible numbers into “The Database.” Her only encounters in the company are with her nameless boss, “The Person with Bad Breath,” and a Barbie doll-like bureaucrat named Trishiffany (“My parents couldn’t pick between Trisha and Tiffany”). The files starts piling up, but no one will explain to Josephine what the company does or what the numbers mean. Josephine’s misgivings turn into dread when her husband disappears more and more frequently with no explanation of his whereabouts and “delivery failed” notices affixed with her name start appearing on her apartment door even though no one has her new address. Author Elliot Holt wrote: “The Beautiful Bureaucrat demands that you keep turning its pages to find out what happens.”

Radio Iris by Anne-Marie Kinney

Iris Finch is an unassuming receptionist working at a nondescript company. She isn’t sure what the company does or why her colleagues suddenly disappear, leaving abandoned offices filled with junk in their wake. Her boss, already a rare presence, starts vanishing for long stretches of time only to turn up at the office briefly to hide envelopes under floorboards. The company phone eventually stops ringing, leaving her with nothing to do but she finds comfort in the routine of work. Her life has some illusion of purpose “as long as she had a place to go every morning.” In the suite next door, a mysterious man starts living in the office space and showering in the men’s bathroom. With little going on in her personal life, Iris arrives for work earlier and earlier each day to spy on the strange tenant using a hole she has drilled into the adjacent wall. She writes to him with a plaintive vulnerability: “Please don’t go yet. My name is Iris. I want to talk to you.” Radio Iris is a story of a lonely young woman, emotionally numb in a meaningless job, yearning for connection.

Kevin Kramer Starts on Monday by Debbie Graber

Cate Dicharry writes that Kevin Kramer Starts on Monday is a “ruthless, hilarious critique of corporate decision-making, and nonsensical professional language and culture — all punctuated with desktop defecation, a defunct band named the “Butt Gerbils,” and trenchant, playful humor.” The short story collection features a con-artist who ruins his own company (simply because he can), an abandoned car found in the employee parking lot with a detached ponytail on the hood and a company-wide newsletter affirming the sci-fi like mass disappearance of staffers. Graber artfully mines the mundanity of corporate culture into bizarre and hilarious tales of the 9 to 5 purgatory we call work.

The Circle by Dave Eggers

“SECRETS ARE LIES. CARING IS SHARING. PRIVACY IS THEFT.” These are the mantras of The Circle, the world’s most powerful internet conglomerate that aggregates the digital footprints (social media, banking, emails etc) of its users into a unified online identity. The novel follows Mae, an idealistic and enthusiastic new employee as she rises in the cult-like company and goes “transparent,” broadcasting her life live to her “watchers” 24/7 with tragic consequences. “A fascinating Orwellian riff on Silicon Valley,” as Manuel Betancourt wrote in his review, The Circle imagines a sinister world where social media has killed privacy and users are coerced into constant surveillance for the sake of “transparency.”

Eileen by Ottessa Moshfegh

Eileen is a bitter, self-loathing young woman working as a secretary for minimum wage at a grim correctional facility for delinquent boys in a cold, bleak New England town. She spends her nights supplying booze to her alcoholic, dementia-ridden father while her work days consist of filing away reports of horrific crimes committed by the adolescent convicts, secretly nursing sympathy for them. Her grim existence is made bearable with lustful fantasies of Randy, the prison guard, and daydreams of escaping to a new life in New York City. When the Rebecca Saint John, the new counselor, shows up at the juvenile center, Eileen falls into a friendship that takes a dark, lurid turn and changes her life forever.

Lightning Rods by Helen DeWitt

Joe is a failed door-to-door salesman of encyclopedias and vacuum cleaners. who spends his days fantasizing about disembodied sex. One day, he has a Eureka moment: “Women were being molested in the workplace solely because their colleagues did not have a legitimate outlet for urges they could not control.” Joe commodifies his perverse fantasies into a successful corporate service: “lightning rods” — female office workers whose lower halves provide anonymous bathroom sex — that alleviate male desires, eliminate sexual harassment in the workplace and cut the expense of lawsuits. After all, a happy office is a productive office and productivity means more money (real words I once heard at a presentation hawking employee monitoring toolkits). Dewitt satires the robotic corporate culture that treats their employees as replaceable, anonymous drones in the obsessive pursuit for efficiency.

The Pale King by David Foster Wallace

David Foster Wallace’s fictionalized memoir literalizes the deadly monotony of pushing paper and crunching numbers from 9–5 in an I.R.S office in the Midwest. A whole chapter is devoted to accountants silently flipping page after page of tax returns. Filled with esoteric financial jargon and tax codes, the most excitement to be found is the clash between the older generation of I.R.S employees, motivated by sanctimonious civic duty versus their more modern colleagues who see their bottom line as maximizing profits. The workers slog away at their mindless and unfulfilling work to “cover the monthly nut,” “thrashing in the nets” of societal expectations while the ever-present threat of being replaced by computers becomes increasingly real. Published posthumously, this metafictional novel questions the meaning of life in a corporate America populated by countless identical workers rigidly adhering to pointless bureaucracy.

Personal Days by Ed Park

“Most of us spend our days at a desk in one of the two archipelagoes of cubicle clusters. The desks have not been at capacity for over a year now,” begins Park’s novel about a company in the process of downsizing. With little to do, the unnamed narrator and his colleagues spend their days theorizing over who will be the next victim of “the Firings”—after the termination of employees with J names, the Ls in the office agonize over their impending doom. Broken up into three Microsoft Word-themed chapters titled “Can’t Undo,” “Replace All” and “Revert to Saved,” Personal Days features characters immediately recognizable by anyone who has spent time in a cubicle: Pru, a fresh-out-of-grad-school spreadsheet drone, Laars, a wall-punching neurotic teetering on the verge on a breakdown and Jack II, administrator of unwelcomed backrubs known in the office as jackrubs. Rife with office lingo and corporate speak, Personal Days serves as a darkly comic guidebook for navigating the cloud of uncertainty that accompanies the looming demise of a company.

Then We Came to the End by Joshua Ferris

“The fact that we spend most of our lives at work, that interests me,” says Hank Neary, a copywriter in a white-collar ad agency. Ferris’s satire of the American workplace takes place at the end of the 1990s dotcom boom when work is scarce, redundancies are imminent, and tensions are rising. In the middle of this downturn, the struggling agency accepts a mysterious client’s request to create an ad that will “make cancer patients laugh”—an assignment made doubly cruel as rumors spread that Lynn Mason, the supervisor, has breast cancer. This darkly comic portrayal of office culture is populated by eccentric characters (there’s a single, pregnant, and devoutly Catholic woman and a stubborn copywriter who keeps showing up for work despite being fired) and chronicles their increasingly desperate attempts to survive the axe.

Break in Case of Emergency by Jessica Winter

Jen is a thirty-something former painter struggling with unemployment during the economic downturn. She finds a job at the Leora Infinitis Foundation, a charitable foundation/vanity project founded by a Gwyneth Paltrow-esque celebrity philanthropist who purrs meaningless platitudes (“You are beautiful inside and out. That is the message of LIFt”) and answers her own self-affirming contradictions ( “How do I put my children first and put the children of the developing world first, too. My answer is yes.”). The foundation purports to empower women yet its employees passive-aggressively sabotage one another, waste time devising acronyms for unrealized programs, and ingratiate themselves to their egoistical boss. Trapped in a meaningless job writing memos no one ever reads and struggling to conceive a “hypothetical tiny ­future boarder,” Jen is crippled by self doubt and constantly compares herself to her two closest friends — Meg, an affluent attorney with a beautiful family, and Pam, a committed artist. When her personal life and professional career converge violently at an art exhibition, Jen is left reckoning with some hard truths that eventually gives her life meaning.

This Twitter Thread About a Fashion Show is the Best Dystopian Novel We’ve Read in Ages

I n my secretest heartest of hearts,” artist Jared Pechacek wrote on Twitter, “I have thought that some couture collections look like something you’d put together to amuse the clan when, while foraging, you come across a collapsed mall from the Times Before.” Don’t believe him? He turned the A.F. Vandevorst’s spring 2018 collection into a tale of survival, suspicion, frantic attempts to build community and tradition, and fabulous clothes in a postapocalyptic wasteland.

Jared let us reprint his thread, which outlines the basic plot of his couture dystopia, but we can’t wait for the whole novel (and dare we think he’s hinting at a sequel?)

7 of the Most Evil Older Sisters in Fiction

A s someone who once told their mint-chip-loving little sister that the packet of green wasabi sauce with her sushi was a buttery paste of her favorite flavor (and guess what she did next), I have a lot of time for evil older sisters.

Particularly when she’s not the protagonist, literature usually tries to fit the older sister into one of two pigeon holes. She’s either the impossibly pure, beautiful, and sage elder (see: Jane Bennett, Constance Blackwood, et al.), or a woman of implacable cunning, skilled at devising the best way to execute real trouble on her target sibling (see: everyone below). What follows is a list of all the evil older sisters whose deeds have been immortalized in fiction, and who will make siblingless children feel thankful for their solitude.

King Lear by William Shakespeare: Goneril

The phonic similarities between Goneril and an STD seem apt (if not intentional, the Elizabethan era had a lot of funky stuff floating around). Goneril, the eldest of King Lear’s daughters, earned her spot on this list simply by being the eldest, but truly all of the sisters are at fault here.

Beloved by Toni Morrison: Beloved

Beloved was killed by her mother, Sethe, who intended to save her from a life of slavery. She returns twice to haunt the home of her mother and sister, first as a ghost and, after being banished, in physical form. As Beloved gradually takes over the house, Denver recognizes that the family’s survival rests upon her shoulders.

Rabbit Cake by Annie Hartnett: Lizzie

Evil or sixteen? Always a valid question. Just as you can lie by omission, Lizzie’s evil act is one of desertion, and in a moment when she’s needed most. After her mother drowns by sleepwalking into the river, her sister Elvis (yeah) is in need of emotional support from an older figure. Lizzie, fearing her own tendency to sleepwalk and similarities to her late mother, scarpers. Her evil is not an act of malice, but one of total selfishness.

Junior Miss by Sally Benson: Lois

Lois is Judy’s older sister and she loves to make sure Judy knows who has the power (classic evil sister move). She considers herself the beauty, the most sophisticated and mature, ahead of the game, vastly superior to her rather awkward younger sis, (an awkwardness she never fails to remind Judy of). Whether shopping for clothes (always dangerous territory), or talking about boys, poor Judy rarely gets a break.

The Blind Assassin by Margaret Atwood: Iris

A heads up that the particular evil-doing of one Iris Chase is a spoiler — but also it’s not because her move was pretty unoriginal: an affair with her sister’s husband. The novel is one that gradually reveals itself and, another spoiler here, the novels within. Ostensibly written by Laura, the younger, betrayed sister, and inspired by her loving marriage, we learn that the story we’re reading was actually written by Iris and inspired by the affair. On top of that…actually, nevermind. Too many spoilers.

Dreadful Young Ladies by Kelly Barnhill: Fran

From the collection’s title story, Fran is kind of a wet blanket as well as being outright evil. When she was fourteen, we learn that her younger sister was kidnapped. She was kidnapped because Fran, assigned babysitting duty, has no interest in watching her. She was happily having a first kiss, a truth she doesn’t care to admit, so she tells the police that her sister “just flew away.” When Fran gets older, she becomes a step mother, and, once again tasked with care, doesn’t perform much better…

Ashputtle, or The Mother’s Ghost by Angela Carter: the Stepsisters

Before she wrote what is considered her masterpiece, The Bloody Chamber, Carter was translating Charles Perrault’s original fairytales, one of which was Cinderella. In her writing, Carter is known for incorporating and reimagining classic fairytales, so it’s not surprising that she took a crack at a new version of the Cinder struggle. The stepsisters are back, evil as ever, but this being a Carter retelling, there’s lots of fun, new twisted details.

Falling in Love with Francesca Lia Block

Novel Gazing is Electric Literature’s personal essay series about the way reading shapes our lives. This time, we asked: What’s a book that made you fall in love?

Like all the best love stories — at least all the love stories I spun for myself during the long waiting years — it began with a dose of kismet. A chance encounter in a bookstore, when I wasn’t looking for anything special; I just wanted something light to accompany my assigned summer reading on a family vacation. I’d never heard of Francesca Lia Block. I thought the title was funny: I Was A Teenage Fairy, a winking nod to cliche filled in with an implication of magic. The front cover showed a surly blue girl with wings, and the back cover called it “a potent brew of magic and transformation.” I didn’t think I was craving transformation, but I must have been a little ready for it — because when I, an unusually fastidious child when it came to monitoring the appropriateness of my own reading material, came across the word sex on the second page, I didn’t close the book flushed with shame. Instead, I read on.

Knowing the kind of reader I was, it’s strange to me that I thought two books would be enough for a week on the road. But I couldn’t have picked better: to say I was enraptured would be to understate how fully, how eagerly I fell into the spell. I Was A Teenage Fairy is the story of Barbie Marks, a young California model, and Mab, a tiny, green-skinned fairy (although she hates that word), who may or may not exist (although she would sniff most haughtily at you for doubting her). Like most of Block’s books, the story tilts on the axis of a central trauma; revisiting it as an adult, my stomach lurched immediately the first time Barbie’s mother leaves her eleven-year-old daughter alone with a famous photographer, who beguiles and manipulates her before committing a violation that sends her running from his studio. Like all of Block’s books, it’s set in a version of Los Angeles that teems with a magic far beyond the flapping of fairy wings.

Indeed, Mab was for me the least exotic of the book’s offerings. I was more fascinated by Hollywood parties in abandoned hotels with fountains of wine, matinee idols and aging punks, bass-thumping clubs and vegan restaurants, liquor and drugs, glitter and vinyl and neon and lace, beautiful boys with unwise tattoos on beautiful bodies they used in ways I had only ever abstractly considered I might someday use mine. While the first part of the book centers Barbie as a child in the months leading up to her assault, the second part focuses largely on Barbie at sixteen, trying to regain some sense of sexual agency with a gregarious actor named Todd. I was fascinated by Block’s description of the two of them “flying horizontally in front of the fireplace, their mouths tearing carnivorously, practically cannibalistically, at each other,” so hard Barbie thinks her lips might bruise; I was wildly intrigued by the idea of someone’s body inside mine as “startling and tender at once, completely different and an exact extension of who she was.” Reading and rereading the novel in an RV in the perpetual daylight of an Alaskan summer alongside 1984 — my summer reading, a book which at this juncture in my life also impressed me primarily for its discussion of sex — I dreamed one night of a dark-eyed boy on a beach, our limbs painted golden under the setting sun, bodies moving together in an unspecified, pulsing way. When I awoke I thought: I’m different now. I carried it with the thrill of a secret, like a promise: that before I had lived one life, and now I was stepping into the very beginning of something new.

That would come later, or enough of it that I didn’t feel cheated: the boys and the bodies and the booze, and some of the softer drugs, cocktails in restaurants that didn’t card, hair dye and an eyebrow ring and, just once, a mosh pit, which I spent mostly wishing I’d worn my contacts. Later I would know what it was to feel desire like a need, and to walk with someone through a city that felt like a set for the story of your blooming love. But before, when I still wore an ugly school uniform and knew no boys I could imagine ever wanting to touch, I had Francesca Lia Block. I went home and devoured every one of her books.


Do you believe that every time you fall in love is in some way an echo of your first? I felt this fervently, with a kind of self-indulgent despondence, in the shadow of my first heartbreak, certain I would spend a lifetime failing to recapture the intensity of feeling in which I had spent eighteen months submerged and gasping for air. I felt it with a kind of relief, falling in love as an adult, seeing that overwhelming force as stemming from the shakiness of adolescent personhood as much as from the strength of my heart. Now, seven years into partnership with the same person, I hardly think of this idea at all, and if there’s any truth in it it’s only this: that love, like anything truly powerful, changes us, and so the self that loves now is not the self who would have loved had not that first love passed through her like a fever, like a wave.

When I think now of what Block meant to me then, what comes to mind first is not in fact the scores of salacious details which once so enthralled me. Instead I think of the opening of I Was A Teenage Fairy, which begins:

If Los Angeles is a woman reclining billboard model with collagen-puffed lips and silicone-inflated breasts, a woman in a magenta convertible with heart-shaped sunglasses and cotton candy hair; if Los Angeles is this woman, then the San Fernando Valley is her teenybopper sister.

I had never read anything like this — the extreme personification, the clutter of hyphenates and adjectives, the daisy-chained clauses that don’t resolve the way you expect them to, the warped syntax of a woman reclining billboard model. I remember puzzling over that phrase, wondering if I’d read it wrong, if there was a missing word; then coming to love its strangeness, picking the book off my shelf just to reread this passage. Block devotees, current or reformed, always point to this, and it was above all what drew me into obsession: the incandescent beauty of her prose, its color and texture and fairy-tale rhythms, sparkling with phrases like “glamorized by light” and “quiversome twinkle.” Her writing struck me, to borrow a line describing Mab’s wings, as “gorgeous, ephemeral, shiveringly exquisite.” I even loved the words that always appeared on her back covers to describe it: lyrical, calling up associations to myth and music; lush, crowded with life. As an adult I can see what my mother, ever the literary snob, meant when she wrinkled her nose after I read her a passage: “It’s a little precious, isn’t it?” But at the time, I could only think: yes, shouldn’t it be? Precious like rubies or gold, shining and ornate; precious like a secret, illuminating my life, like a love.

And like any love, it changed me. I wrote poems and vignettes overflowing with ineptly executed traumas and imagery about mermaid’s songs and crystalline tears and the dripping flesh of fruit; I typed up exercises in free association, trying to make my words as strange as possible, trying to achieve the degree of radical originality I perceived in Block. I reread pages not to revisit what had happened but to burn the cadence of favorite paragraphs into my throat. As a kid I had loved stories, loved characters; now I loved language. Words were no longer merely a tool for communication but a source of pleasure, the source of pleasure, in and of themselves; language took on an aesthetic dimension, became almost a sensual experience, the right sentence leaving me awed with a nearly physical ache.

As an adult I can see what my mother meant when she said ‘It’s a little precious, isn’t it?’ But at the time, I could only think: yes, shouldn’t it be?

Of course I moved on, to other writers, other loves. But just as my high school sweetheart left me with a lingering soft spot for shaggy hair and a worn leather jacket, I see Block’s legacy in the traces of other writing I have loved: the hallucinatory ecstasy of Clarice Lispector, the dazzling precision of Zadie Smith, the bloody pulse of Megan Abbott, even the unwieldy gorgeousness of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s Tender is the Night. When I pick up a book, what I still hope for more than anything is to be knocked breathless the way I once was by Block’s woman reclining billboard model; and when I write, I ask myself, is this honest, yes, but always is this beautiful, too.


Technically the affair began June of my thirteenth year, but when I reach into the untrustworthy sea of memory the book floats tangled with private occurrences from summers before and after, a whole stretch of life collapsed into a single impossible July: sun peeling our shoulders and water cool along our shins, the air in the mornings cold at the summer camp by the lake, holing up in our bedrooms and each other’s bedrooms, seeking refuge from the heat and the lonesomeness of domestic life. Admiring my tan lines in the shower, not for their aesthetics but as visible proof of the passage of time, temporary souvenirs of my excursions. Summer was the only time I listened to the radio, and so there’s a selection of songs that seems to me to have come into being somewhere between our bunk and the mess hall: “A Thousand Miles,” “Say My Name,” that “Heaven” remix, “Drops of Jupiter,” which I liked because I thought the lyrics — she acts like summer and walks like rain — sounded like something out of a Francesca Lia Block novel, which strikes me now as simultaneously a good joke about Train and a mean joke about Block.

In fact that’s inaccurate: I didn’t enjoy listening to it — I hated the vocal, a creaking thing I, raised on musical theater and Enya, had no framework to appreciate — but I liked the lyrics so much, and treasured so deeply the association I’d formed between them and my current literary obsession, that I forced myself to find a way to like the song until in fact I did. I bought the album and would listen to it thinking of a line from Block’s The Hanged Man, where she describes a man with a voice that “cracks like ice when you pour the liquor over.” I love to laugh about this now: the early signposts on our road to something like desire. Here’s another one: listening to a line from that Sting song, “Fields of Gold,” feel her body rise / when you kiss her mouth, and thinking, I want someone to do that, deliberately, like I was practicing for the real wanting, even as the line mostly filled me with wonder — why would a kiss act on a body like that? How much would you have to feel for your body to act on its own accord?


I think of this time with a tenderness darkened only by the awareness of how lucky I was to have it: the long unfurling edge of childhood, a body coming to know itself new and slowly readying for what was to come. And it wasn’t only the body, or it was but only in that the heart is part of the body, as is the mind. I remember also reading A Tree Grows in Brooklyn, the first book to ever make me cry, and loving the way it gutted me: the sudden access of a new depth of feeling, my heart split painfully and beautifully open. I thought Train was sexy, or what I imagined that word to mean, but I also came to cherish them as the first unpretty music I ever liked, a door that led later to nights lying in bed, listening to Dylan. I read some Louise Glück poems for class and purchased her complete extant works, poring over them like holy texts, in awe of how much could be communicated in a few short lines. Which is to say that puberty was a bodily awakening, but it was an intellectual one, too; and threaded through all of this, entwined with Baz Luhrmann movies and Tori Amos records, was the dark beauty of Block’s sentences, the match on kerosene that showed me a path to what I loved, and left me eager for more.

It’s funny: these were such unhappy years. My family was fracturing across a series of crises that left me intimate with fear and loss and guilt; in response, I was winding myself ever more tightly into patterns of thought that would eventually metastasize along with all the things I buried into a long and deep illness. It startles me to realize that this story was happening alongside the other one, that during a time of bitter dissolution I could still find richer ways to love beauty, could still begin to understand what it was I craved.

But maybe that isn’t so strange. Writing on the myth of Persephone, the poet Eavan Boland describes the fateful pomegranate as “the proof / that even in the place of death, / at the heart of legend … / … a child can be hungry.” What was I if not, in Boland’s phrase, a daughter lost in hell? Dante had Virgil; I had Block and her glittering, menacing Los Angeles, a city as mythic in her telling as the underworld itself. And if her landscape’s wild beauties made it enticing — thrift store prom dresses and vines of jacaranda, Tarot cards and crumbling mansions with famous pedigrees — the darkness was what made it real. I would love to be able to tell you I never fell for Block’s famous Weetzie Bat books because of their egregious racism (she names her daughter Cherokee!), but I was clueless on that score; really their fundamental sunniness never connected with me like the pain at the heart of her other works. I was sheltered and lucky but I knew this much: that your world is not a sturdy thing, that there’s little that can be counted on. I knew that parents don’t always love their children, and even the ones that do can’t always protect them. Any fairy tale I could believe in needed to understand at least this much.

I knew that parents don’t always love their children, and even the ones that do can’t always protect them. Any fairy tale I could believe in needed to understand at least this much.

Barbie wishes Mab into her life one night after a dinner table fight between her abusive mother and absent father. Living in a house she hates, clinging to the fairy pictures she knows inside herself are real, she speaks into the night, “Please let me see you. I think I really need to see you.” A hungry child, reaching out for what will feed her soul. Block came to me in a similar way: at a time when I wanted to escape, she offered not the impossible promise of a better place but a clear-eyed faith that even in the ugly, vicious world we share, there’s somehow space for magic, still.


Sometimes I resent the way sex has monopolized our vocabulary for desire. I used to fight about this with a friend: yes, fine, this poem/song/image is about sex, but can’t it also be about everything else? Has even sex ever once been solely about sex? Haven’t you ever read a poem, or listened to a song, or walked home through air like amber in a late summer twilight and felt your skin freshly sensitive, your breath staggering or coming faster, felt the delicious ache of a desire that was its own fulfillment? I worry that by telling the story this way, with books predating boys, I’ve made it seem like the former was a tame and childish prequel for the latter, like these novels only mattered as a rehearsal for a more grown-up strain of love. In reality these were two awakenings, asynchronous but parallel. Even to divide them as belonging to mind and body rings false; these were stories of the heart, and the heart belongs to both domains.

Some desires are easier to nurture than others. At thirteen I wrote, I played piano, I spent hours at a time drawing in my sketchbook; by the end of adolescence I did none of those things. My creative longings embarrassed me; I could not imagine anything more humiliating than to be caught out at working hard on something that might not be good. I tilted my head and crooned oh, you’re sweet whenever anyone acted impressed, laughing girlishly if they pressed the issue. It took years to admit to myself what I had once taken for granted: that I find pleasure in the puzzle of creation, that I believe I have things to say. That I want to make beautiful things, and sometimes to put them into the world. No wonder my first romance was so fraught: it was by that point the only thing I allowed myself to want.

Block understood this; sex is many things in her books, but it’s never the sole source of passion. Her heroines are painters and dancers and screenwriters; art is something that sustains them or something they lose and come back to or something that heals. At the end of I Was A Teenage Fairy, teen model Barbie Marks transforms herself into photographer Selena Moon, finding power and a new life in becoming the one holding the camera, deciding what to show. I wish I had paid more attention to this; I wish I’d learned earlier to believe my desires worth following. “For magic is belief,” Block writes in Echo; I wish I’d seen that her books called not just for believing in magic, but for the magic of belief.


Last year on some nostalgic impulse I did something I hadn’t done in ages: I read a Francesca Lia Block book I’d never read before. It was June of my 29th year and I was almost unrealistically busy, writing papers on the train from work to grad school and doing the assigned reading in bed until I passed out. I wasn’t looking for anything special; I just wanted something light to distract me for a few minutes at a time from the unrelenting press of my life, something that would make it feel like summer even though I was only ever outside to walk to the next place I needed to go. I picked up Pink Smog, a middle-grade prequel to the Weetzie Bat books, and found what I expected: lists of colors and foods and the details of homemade outfits, a series of set pieces scattered around L.A., a boy who may be an angel or a hallucination or something in between.

But I found more, too. I found Weetzie at thirteen, with parents who can’t care for her the way a child needs to be cared for: the daughter lost in hell, the raw loneliness of a child left to find her own way to what she needs. I found a story about a kid who learns to believe in beauty, not to escape the world but to be able to live through it. And I found, at the very end, a line which let me articulate to myself why I clung so desperately to these books all those years ago: “The worse things get, the more you have to make yourself see the magic in order to survive.”

It sounds so simple; it feels so hard. Maybe this was Block’s greatest gift to me: that at a time when I was starved for beauty, she made it seem easy. Like magic. Like falling in love.

A Crash Course in Diversifying Your Bookshelf

I n the past year, I’ve made a conscious and intentional effort to read in an inclusive and representative way. For me this means reading perspectives that differ from mine, about experiences that are new to me, and learning from people who have lived in ways that offer precious teachings. It also means reading nonfiction and fiction in equal measure. Consuming the news and nonfiction about important but heavy topics can be emotionally draining; whereas poetry and comics can uplift us when we feel weltshmerz or despair.

This is why I’ve put together a list of books by writers, poets, and artists from a range of backgrounds. When read in the order presented, it creates a narrative arc of its own. The list builds from a slow crescendo of more accessible books to heavy-hitters that draw on academic and historical research, finishing with a few books that unearth the kinds of futures we want to create.

These titles will humble you and fill you with wonder. But most important, they will hopefully also inspire you to create your own stories in ways that are most representative of your experiences.

So You Want to Talk about Race by Ijeoma Oluo

If you are a white person, this is essential reading before engaging any racialized or marginalized person in a conversation about race and racism. If you are a person of color, you may find new ways of understanding other racialized people, while also feeling a sense of validation in realizing that your experiences of racism are shared by many others.

I started following Oluo on Twitter last year when I realized that my social media feed was not very representative of my values or the types of thinkers I wanted to learn from. I am always learning so much from her articles and pithy tweets. This book is the epitome of her compassionate yet disciplined teachings on how we can all learn to think, talk, and act in anti-racist ways.

She of the Mountains by Vivek Shraya

In this beautifully illustrated novel, Vivek Shraya gracefully braids two stories together to ponder issues of sexual, gender, and racial identity and to re-imagine the Hindu myth of the elephant god Ganesha.

I immediately felt connected to this book because of the evocative way Shraya portrays how to love oneself as we grow up and into our bodies and minds.

Shraya is also a multi-talented creator who is also a visual artist, poet, musician, and associate professor of creative writing at the University of Calgary. I had a hard time selecting which of her writing to include—her collection of poetry “even this page is white” was also one of my favorite poetry collections on identities and self.

Why I’m No Longer Talking to White People About Race by Reni Eddo-Lodge

Eddo-Lodge’s book has such a brilliant title based on a viral blog post of the same name. I think most people of color can relate to the feeling of not wanting to talk to white people about race at some point in their lives. So steep a cup of tea and sink into Eddo-Lodge’s book to immerse yourself in the historical and current issues of anti-blackness and racism in the motherland of colonialism.

Both Canada and the U.S. can thank Britain and other European countries for the origins of our institutional racism, so it only makes sense for those of us living in these countries to learn about one of the birthplaces of white supremacy.

How Does a Single Blade of Grass Thank the Sun? by Doretta Lau

I grew up mostly in Alberta (the so-called “Texas of Canada”) and then lived in Montreal, Quebec for university before moving to Vancouver, British Columbia in my early 20s.

Once I arrived in B.C., I realized I had never before seen, befriended, or interacted with so many other Asians in Canada. I felt a sense of belonging I had never experienced in Alberta or Montreal. Unfortunately, this was also the time that anti-Asian sentiment started rising in Vancouver.

This slim volume contains short stories that portray the struggles and pleasures of the North American Asian experience in a fresh and dynamic way.

The Solidarity Struggle edited by Mia McKenzie

As I read more books that represented different identities and bore witness to the many ways people are racialized and marginalized, I realized that I did not have a working definition of what meaningful solidarity looked like. How could I, with all of my privileges, even begin to act in solidarity?

The Solidarity Struggle helped me start the conversation with myself. It contains essays and comics by a variety of Canadian and U.S. writers/artists that will get you thinking about what meaningful solidarity looks like for you.

A Place Called No Homeland by Kai Cheng Thom

Kai Cheng Thom and I attended the same university in Montreal and I loved reading her weekly column in the McGill Daily, where I worked as an illustrations editor and contributor.

Thom writes about her identity as a Chinese trans woman in a transphobic world in a way that cuts straight to the heart. This collection of poems by this young Chinese-Canadian literary genius is refreshing, intimate, and unapologetically proud.

The Right to Be Cold: One Woman’s Story of Protecting Her Culture, the Arctic, and the Whole Planet by Sheila Watt-Cloutier

I lived and worked in Iqaluit, Nunavut during my masters degree in public health. During my brief time in the Canadian Arctic, I learned as a qablunaaq from “down south,” about the many Inuit environmental activists protecting their land and animals from the devastating impacts of human-made climate change.

We hear a lot about Greenpeace and other non-Inuit organizations in Canada and the U.S., but those narratives often erases the decades of activism and the current efforts of Inuit people, especially the women, in protecting their native land from exploitation and degradation.

Watt-Cloutier’s memoir recounts her life story as a proud Inuk woman to provide a compelling argument for the importance of protecting the Arctic, not just for the animals, but the strong people that call the ice and tundra home.

American Born Chinese by Gene Luen Yang

This classic graphic novel provides a nice break from all the text-heavy volumes in the first half of this list. Part of representation and inclusivity is to recognize that everyone learns differently and that some of us may find images more compelling.

Gene depicts the complexities of growing up Asian in predominantly white spaces by integrating the famous Chinese myth of Sun WuKung, the Monkey King. There is also a very poignant telling of the “gross lunch” story that most Asian kids can relate to. I have many sad memories of tossing away a delicious Chinese lunch lovingly prepared by my mother in an attempt to belong in the White Albertan cafeterias; I didn’t realize at the time that I was also tossing away a tiny bit of my sense of self in the process.

Mixed Race Amnesia by Minelle Mahtani

How do mixed race, biracial, or multiracial people feel about these identities and what (if anything) does it mean for them?

Dr. Mahtani interviewed mixed race women in Toronto to center their experiences and to critically discuss how their narratives fit into Canadian and international assumptions around the so-called “post-racial future.”

Salt by Nayyirah Waheed

Life is tough, and some days we need a poem to help pick us up again.

Waheed’s first collection does just that. Simple, short, and poignant, her poetry is an arrow that strikes straight and true. I often go back to this book in between dense chapters in the other nonfiction books on this list. Reading about race and racism can make us sad, make us angry, and often trigger traumatic memories.

Poetry is healing, so take a swig of this bittersweet medicine.

Policing Black Lives: State Violence in Canada from Slavery to Present by Robyn Maynard

If by this point you decide that you’re ready for the full truth and nothing but the truth, dive into Maynard’s detailed historical account of how anti-Blackness is pervasive in most parts of Canada’s institutions.

Canada often sells itself as a beacon of multiculturalism and diversity, and although in ways it is more tolerant than the United States, we can’t ignore the incredible exclusionary and violently racist policies that mark our history and our politics today.

By obscuring our racism behind a neo-liberal veil of tolerance, we are not confronting our own discriminatory policies in a settler-colonial nation that has said historically said “fuck you” more often than “thank you.”

Indian Horse by Richard Wagamese

Even though I moved to Canada as a young child, I did not learn about the horrifically shameful history of the Indian residential schools until I was an adult. Even then a lot of the stories are sugar-coated in white icing, erasing the intergenerational traumas that continue today as a result of the atrocities carried out by Christian institutions and their leaders.

Wagamese’s novel depicts the tragedies of residential schools (although they were more like child labor camps than schools) in the 1960s to ‘70s through the life of Saul Indian Horse, a young First Nations boy who escapes the horrors of the school through his passion for hockey.

This chillingly beautiful book has also been adapted into a movie of the same name.

Running with the Mind of Meditation: Lessons for Training Body and Mind by Sakyong Mipham

And now for something completely different.

Although many of the writers included talk about race, racism, immigration, and other political issues, I bet at least some of them would also like to write about all the other parts of their identities. I like to run and bike, but I rarely see or hear about famous recreational runners or cyclists of color.

Mipham’s musings on running meditation are a reminder that we have to take care of our bodies and minds to recharge, not just so we can be a better advocate and activist for the causes we care about, but because our bodies give us so much on a daily basis and are intrinsically worth caring for.

The Three Body Problem trilogy by Liu Cixin

I wanted to end this playlist with books that look at how to shape humanity’s future.

We know that our past and present are full of racism, violence, and powerful resistance, but what will our world look like in 10 years, 100 years, 1000 years?

Cixin’s delightful and expansive trilogy centers people of color such as Latinx, Chinese, and Australian Aboriginal characters rarely seen in mainstream science fiction. It also respectfully challenges our ideas of masculinity and gender expression in ways that I have never seen in American science fiction while portraying Asian women as prominent scientists and thinkers.

Afrofuturism: the World of Black Sci-Fi and Fantasy Culture by Ytasha Womack

When it comes to Black and Indigenous people, the very act of surviving is an act of resistance. Imagine a future where Black and Brown people are not only surviving, but thriving and telling our own stories.

Afrofuturism is an artistic movement spanning various areas of the creative spectrum, such as film, music, and the literary and visual arts to imagine Black people in our futures. Womack takes us through the history of the movement from legends such as Sun Ra, Parliament, and Erykah Badu to contemporary innovators like Andre 3000, Missy Elliot, and Janelle Monae.

Afrofuturism reads as the ultimate list of who to watch and listen to as we join together to imagine a future that is inclusive and representative.

Terese Mailhot on How to Talk to Men, Children, and White People

I read Terese Marie Mailhot’s memoir Heart Berries once, then read it twice again. In her book, Mailhot explores the traumas of her life: her impoverished upbringing on the Seabird Island Reservation, the loss of her eldest son in a custody battle, her fractured relationship with her future husband. When the author is hospitalized with a dual diagnosis of PTSD and bipolar II, she requests a notebook as a condition of treatment, and begins writing herself back to health. Mailhot and I spoke last week about the kinds of colonization she’s experienced in her writing career and life in general: what men take from women, what white society expects from other cultures, and why writers devour the insights of others.


Deirdre Sugiuchi: You describe Salish stories, stories told by speakers of the Salish tribes, as being sparse and interested in blank space. Can you describe how this is reflected in your art?

Terese Mailhot: Language is extremely important to us. Every word counts and cannot be convoluted. There’s a lot of power in trying to illustrate the truth of something. I had to render it in a really simple way.

DS: I’m obsessed with process, especially in regards to clarity. Do you have any specific methods to achieve clear prose?

Image result for heart berries by terese marie mailhot

TM: People think I’m experimental. I don’t really like that word. It’s really high-brow compared to what I do, which is strip all of the things that seem like unnecessary contrivance or bravado.

DS: You write from the perspective of a Native writer, but you also address the dominant culture. Can you discuss writing with this double consciousness?

TM: With the essay Indian Sick, I’m writing first to (my husband) Casey. It starts with desperation. Casey is a white man and was raised with some sense of normalcy. That whole essay is trying to navigate and impart the truth of my story to this man who can’t ever fully know the disparities between my circumstances — those of an Indian woman — and his. That letter became about something larger than Casey by the end. By the end it became about my father. I think in the beginning it was really important to bring Casey in and the only way I could do that was by explaining what he couldn’t understand.

I could not look at being Indian; I had to look through it.

It’s the one occasion I felt conflicted about using the second person and speaking to Casey, and a lot of that is the culture of me and everything that signifies why I feel so deeply about my world and the history of genocide that we are dealing with. I think that conflict is present there on the line level, but when I was writing the book, I had to place myself at the center of the story. I could not look at being Indian; I had to look through it.

The audience should always be with me and should never feel like I’m withholding my heart from them, but sometimes I’m not giving them the thing that maybe they expect. A lot of that was the resistance to an MFA aesthetic, a white MFA aesthetic of show don’t tell. There’s a lot of telling in the book.

DS: I never could do an MFA for that reason.

TM: Most are operating within a system of competition, of things that feel so anti-art, so degrading sometimes. They kind of shape you artistically into something that most of the time you are not, especially for people writing outside of old-establishment aesthetics.

DS: Several years ago I read this paper by Sandra Bloom called Bridging the Black Hole of Trauma: The Evolutionary Significance of the Arts which, among other things, addresses the ceremony of creating art in Native American culture. You are clear that your practice of ceremony differs from the tradition with which you were raised, but can you discuss how you use your writing practice as a healing ceremony?

I was less sick when I started purging the truth of what happened to me on the page.

TM: I think the book itself is like an incantation. There are aspects, especially in the latter part of the book, that feel like a spell that conjures my mother. When I read it out loud, especially the passages about my mother, it feels sacred and it feels powerful, and something happened when I started writing that made me feel like a human being and made me feel better about her.

I was able to write the explicit truths of what happened to me. I can’t even speak it, but I can write it. When I start reading the passages about how I was able to say one word “father,” then I was able to say two words, that was literal. I was learning the language of how my father hurt me. There was something about the physical act of writing that made it less visceral. I was less sick when I started purging the truth of what happened to me on the page. I became physically less anemic and I was more able to function in the world.

I think everyone should have that thing that illustrates the nature of themselves in a physical way.

DS: One of the themes in the book was you taking from men, conditioning them, and them taking from you. That list at the end, where you detail how you took back when you were hurt by men, was incredible.

TM: I didn’t know that was going to come. I knew I wanted to write about these things that had happened but I didn’t want to give those men characterization and their own pages. I didn’t want to illustrate all the bad interactions I’ve had with men, just to assert that men had maltreated me and my body and my spirit and my intellect. I listed them, and the way they hurt me, and how I reacted, and doing that without shame was important for me. Making it matter-of-fact was necessary.

DS: You begin by talking about taking from men, but at the end you realize that you have given away too much. Can you discuss how this is reflected in the culture at large, be it on the tribal or social level?

TM: I think straight women sometimes have to negotiate with themselves, asking, is this the best of all possible worlds with men? We’re mistreated so often and victimized so often that sometimes we put up with things we shouldn’t.

It was important to say I was put in a place of exploitation, where I was subjugated and objectified for my body, and then I just fought against that as much as I could, working within that system. I feel like that’s important for a lot of native women to hear: if you want something, to get it from the world however you want it, and I hope and pray that they find true independence from men, not that they are the worst people. There is something so profound in being able to buy yourself dinner and not having to rely on someone.

DS: Your grandmother was a crucial early figure in your life. She attended a reservation school where “parasites and nuns and priests contaminated generations of our people.” Can you discuss the impact of your grandmother going to the reservation school on your family and your culture?

I feel like resilience ascribes this value to certain types of survival that don’t interest me.

TM: Residential school has stripped many indigenous communities of their languages and communal practices and it’s difficult to talk about it because residential schools were mostly led by Christian missionaries and priests, so that has also infected the way we view ourselves as human beings. One thing Christianity gave people was shame. It’s not as if we didn’t have shame before colonization, it’s that shame operated differently. You didn’t need to be contrite. You had to be knowledgeable about the self and there is a distinction. My grandmother had to learn to survive in an environment that wanted to assimilate her into white life, white ways of knowledge and thinking and interacting with the world. After she attended residential school, she moved back to be with her people and she taught nursery and she helped kids. It felt tender to sit next to her and pray, but what wasn’t tender was that she cleaned maniacally. Everything had to be immaculate. The cleaner the environment, the closer you were to God. I would see her cleaning as if somebody was watching her and I remember distinctly thinking this is how she cleaned when the nuns were around.

She spent a long period in a tense environment like that where she was being monitored and shamed when she didn’t do the right thing, and I wonder what kind of grandmother she would have been outside of those parameters and experiences. There’s this thing of being beyond resilience. She was exceptional. I don’t know how I could have lived through what she lived through and have been so kind.

DS: In addition to exploring your childhood in your book, you also explore your relationship with your own children. You describe bonding with your son and nurturing your son even though you did not always have a nurturing relationship with your own mother. You say, “Children can be teachers too.” I know that having my own son impacted me and my connection to my work. How do you think your sons have influenced your art?

TM: They’re just better people than we are. Children are just better. Their job is to push you around and test you, and if you raise your voice, you’ve lost and they know that you’ve lost. When I had Isaiah I was dealing with postpartum depression, and I had subpar healthcare, and I was on my own, and I had just lost my first son. I found myself uncontrollably sad, and I needed help. There wasn’t any. So, I prayed for patience to hold my son, and look at him in the eyes, and not see the son who wasn’t there — or how they looked so much alike. I had to pray for the strength to do it alone. Once I started throwing myself into putting Isaiah first, everything fell into place, and I was able to love without fear. I stopped being scared I wasn’t good enough to be a mother.

I had to learn to love somebody when I felt like I was nothing. I was broke, and loving him wholly without considering losing him, it taught me something about love. He opened my heart in a way that nobody else could have. Nobody else could have made me so tender and human. Him needing me made me a better person. I feel like children do that to us if we answer the call. I feel like when you answer that call, you see how good the world can be.

DS: You discuss resilience in your book, particularly white attitudes about resilience. You say “It’s an Indian condition to be proud of survival but reluctant to call it resilience.”

TM: I don’t like the term. I don’t want to be known for my ability to survive because it’s like they are asking you to get over it as they are calling you resilient. It’s like I’m here smiling but if you were there crying would they still call you resilient? No. But are you still a survivor? Yes.

I feel like resilience ascribes this value to certain types of survival that don’t interest me.

DS: Because it devalues the people who don’t make it?

TM: I’m suspicious of most words people use to define Native people. I feel like it’s really interesting to examine the words they are using.

I always hear the term raw used to describe work by people of color, or by a woman who’s been abused. I’m suspicious of how they are using the word, although I don’t mind the word because I think I try to cultivate art that appears vulnerable. Plus, the idea of resilience is the idea of recovering quickly from something. I feel like, my god, we’re still in the midst of it. We’re not even out of the storm that is colonization.

DS: I read your essay where you discuss decolonizing your narrative as a Native writer. It made me wonder what it would be like if non-colonized people were examined the mindset of colonization thoroughly and regularly, even in today’s world, which is considered “post-colonial.”

TM: I think it’s so weird because a lot of times during workshop, even when I do fellowships, and when I go to this really nice place where there’s a lot of young writers and there’s a lot of older writers who are trying to finish their books, sometimes I’ll have a cohort, a friend who writes about their experiences and they come from a different culture, like Korea or India, and immediately the whole room, even the POC writers, will sometimes be like, “Wow you gave me some insight into the world of x.” That’s not a writer’s job. Our job is to make art. Was it good on its own merit? That’s what’s important to talk about. That to me feels like decolonization because people want to colonize work. They want the insight. They want the experience of it. They want to devour it and own it. Later, when they talk they want to be able to say, “Oh let me tell you this fun fact about x culture. I just read this essay.” I feel like that is a very western thing, to want to colonize the insight gained from experience, and know it and own it and possess it and then impart it to other people as an authority. I think it’s important for people to understand that my work is supposed to connect you to me as a human being and I want to be treated so afterwards, you know? Not as a cultural artifact.