If You Want to Hear America Singing, Try the Walmart Parking Lot

Scott McClanahan on celebrating a forgotten segment of the country and telling the literary establishment where it can go

Walmart in Pecos, TX. Photo by Becky Lai, via Flickr.

The character of Scott McClanahan is always fucking up. He drives drunk and wants to get caught. He concocts elaborate fantasies of being hauled off to jail, begging for forgiveness from his weeping wife. But he can’t even do that — after he gets pulled over, he doesn’t get arrested. He burns a bible and waits for God to make him pay for his atrocious sin, but nothing happens. He tries to kill himself with gobs of Tylenol but, you guessed it, nothing happens.

This is the Scott McClanahan of The Sarah Book — a guy who can’t even get a DUI in West Virginia. A guy who can’t even kill himself. But, of course, that only tells half (maybe less?) of the story. McClanahan’s newest book, which may be his best yet, is truly a breathtaking and brilliant piece of literature. In it, he not only lays himself bare, but also America. McClanahan’s wife leaves him and he decides to live in the Walmart parking lot. There, he can be among his people; the drug dealers, the amputees, the freaks, the forgotten. Scott’s book is beautiful and holy because he gives space to a people and culture that literature has forgotten about. Who literature has deemed unfit for its pages, who publishers insist don’t buy books and aren’t worthy of art. He tells stories about balls of wax and eating chicken wings and masturbating in his car.

In an America where the white working-class have been blamed for a Trump presidency when the reality is that the wealthy suburbs elected him, McClanahan’s book feels even more necessary. This book will break you, there’s no doubt. But if you’re lucky, it will also baptize you. Scott is a prophet who sees the vitality in the mundane and insists you do, too.

Nicholas Rys: I’d love for you to talk to me about your love of Walmart. What does it represent to you or for you?

Scott McClanahan: It’s everything really. I think Whitman would have understood it. Blake would have figured it out. It’s the pure wild product of America going crazy, right? Maybe it’s the molested kid in me, but I can enjoy anything if I just try. It seems like all anyone does about anything anymore is complain and tell you why this is bad and that is bad. And Walmart is horrible and evil in a number of ways but that’s why it’s beautiful too. This is what you gave me, but I’m going to celebrate it. It’s that old notion that Tolstoy used to go on about. We have the enlightenment, the scientific method, and rationality and there are people who still believe in fairies. I think that’s amazing. But what can you do? As far as I’m concerned life is nothing but a tragedy with a happy ending to look forward to.

Rys: Your writing really is concerned with examining yourself and your experiences. I’m curious if you write about things in your life as they are happening or if you wait and write with hindsight?

McClanahan: Both. But most of it I just make up. I’m a fiction writer with an upper-case F. I make up more than a sci-fi writer to be honest. I’ve never understood that idea that you need distance from something to write about something. Bunny Wilson’s journals are amazing because he’s taking it all down as it’s happening. I’m not a fan of Cheever but I wish he could have written his fiction like his journals. All books wind up with a final reader, though. So there’s no use in worrying about it too much. You know that anecdote about the writer who is going through the used bookstore and they see their long out of print book. The writer gets excited and pulls it from the shelf and opens it up. What does the writer see? A dedication and the writer’s signature. To Mom and Dad. Thanks for everything. Of course, the writer’s parents are still BOTH alive. So there’s nothing to do then but shut the book and put it back on the shelf. That’s how we treat books. So why does it really matter? Our families are just going to end up taking our books down to the used bookstore anyway.

Rys: I absolutely love the opening chapter of this book. I think if I could distill the book into a few pages I’d probably pick the first few. Did you always know this would be the first chapter of the book or did it take some figuring out?

McClanahan: No, I’ve had that first chapter since about 2015. I knew as soon as I wrote it that it would be the one to punch the reader in the face with. It felt like the opening to Goodfellas or something. I’m so tired of the way novels open up with those 19th century, New Yorker framing devices like this is “the story” and this is my name and this is where I’m from. Most of these novels should just be titled Exposition. I wanted to blow all of that up. I wanted to punch the reader in the face. Literally punch them in the face. I needed a first chapter to present the book as a big picked scab from some sacred wound (which is what the book is). After a friend read it, they said, “You can’t show this to anyone.” It felt dangerous. So much writing now feels like an apology or something. Like a “I’m sorry I exist, but here is my story.” “I’m sorry I may not have the proper socio-political worldview, but I’m trying really hard to have the proper opinions.” I’m not trying. I apologize for nothing.

So much writing now feels like an apology or something. Like a ‘I’m sorry I exist, but here is my story.’ ‘I’m sorry I may not have the proper socio-political worldview, but I’m trying really hard to have the proper opinions.’ I’m not trying. I apologize for nothing.

Rys: I noticed a recurring theme throughout the book of the Scott character always wanting to get caught. A desire that never really comes to fruition in the manner sought out. I think about that opening chapter with the fantasies of the cop hauling you off to jail and crying to Sarah, or the burning of the bible not bringing forth any satanic consequences — there is this hoping for a catharsis in tragedy, (arguably the biggest cliché in memoir/nonfiction writing, or any writing, for that matter) but it never happens. Things just continue on and oh man does that feel like life.

McClanahan: I’ve been reading Solzhenitsyn’s Gulag Archipelago for the past few days. He talks about how it was a relief for people to get arrested. It was the individuals who lived their life in hiding or under constant paranoia of arrest that cracked up or died. Once, you were arrested you felt a sense of almost joy. And I think that’s life in a number of ways. We’re wanting to get caught. We’re desperately in need of being caught because there is no confession without absolution. It reassures us that there is order in the world and that a deity of some sort exists. It’s why social media is so obsessed with “issues” now. It’s a way to make sense of the chaos of this world. The truth of politics from century to century is you just trade one shitty set of problems for the next and it’s never ending. Imagine the problems we’re going to have with lithium-ion batteries or “green technology” in the future. You know people have to mine the materials to make those batteries. But that’s chaos and chaos is devastating.

My books are full of chaos though and I never try to comment on it. I re-read the Brontës this spring and that was what was so refreshing about Emily (in comparison to some Charlotte and quite a bit of Anne). She doesn’t tell you why Heathcliff does something. She doesn’t condemn. She just presents. And that’s problematic. And that’s why Heathcliff and Cathy will still be fascinating and troubling a hundred years from now if anyone is still alive to read about them.

Author Scott McClanahan

Rys: I read somewhere that you are a daily, compulsive writer. I was wondering what your reading habits are, and if they are as compulsive?

McClanahan: Oh for sure. That’s all I want to do really. It’s like that old Dean Martin, “I don’t drink much anymore. I just freeze it and eat it like a popsicle.” That’s my reading life. It’s much more important to me than writing or anything stupid like that. I’ve made the books I’ve made because I had to. Not to get on a big press or to write one just because I had a second book on my contract. I just read Lizzy Goodman’s Meet Me in the Bathroom and there’s a section in there where one of the bands is meeting with a record company and they realize that no one there really LOVES music. It’s just a job. But that’s the way with any business. I’ve been reading all the French Romantic novelists this summer because I’ve only read Dumas’ Count of Monte Cristo. But they’ve been blowing me away. Hugo’s Les Miserables is so fucking amazing. I don’t know what I was thinking or why I was so stupid. I guess it was the musical that turned me off. I’ve also been reading a ton of books off David Shields favorite book list. One of the best book lists around. Here it is. I’m also going to read the Icelandic Sagas next because my friend Chris Dankland likes them.

Rys: I know you really like biographies — and I know you did the Daniel Johnston graphic novel, but is writing a full-on biography something you would want to do, or do you think your literary output will always concern your life or the autobiographical?

McClanahan: No, I think this is going to be the last book like this for a while. I hate most third person writing though. It just feels made up to me. I’m a snob that way. Oh you went to Sarah Lawrence or Columbia and you had really nice parents and you grew up in the suburbs and you have no anecdotes whatsoever to entertain me when I’m standing right in front of you, but I’m going to believe in the power of your imagination. Okay. Whatever.

At the same time, I’m totally full of it though because I’m interested in third person too. It’s my psycho-biography idea. Telling another “real” person’s story where I can just disappear. Like an update on Plutarch, but with a friend or my parents or my family stories. Maybe that’s the direction now. Of course, it’s pretty funny that the whole “author is dead” idea was thought up by an author. There’s an irony in that.

Rys: So your Daniel Johnston graphic novel got a lot of attention from some major outlets. Although your work is no stranger to critical love, I wanted to ask if you’ve gone through the process of being courted by a major press, and if you have any intentions or interest in signing with one?

McClanahan: I AM on a major press. It would be like being in the Replacements and wanting to hang out with some corporate rock band at some fancy, boring NY literary party where everyone is drinking out of tall glasses. I’d rather hang with Alex Chilton. Fuck the James Taylors and Carly Simons of the world. So I have that taken care of. Maybe if I wanted to win fellowships to go live in the woods or grants I’d do that. I already live in the woods so why would I need a residency to spend a month in the woods. However, I DO want to be the first person to win a MacArthur grant and spend it all on candy. A million dollars worth of candy. It would be amazing. I guess I’ve just always been interested in those editors who work on the outside. Like a Barney Rosset or a James Laughlin. Those who had vision and the rarest talent of all which is taste: Giancarlo Ditrapano is that. He’s my pirate. Even Gian’s shadow has personality. It would be easier to travel first class, but it sure wouldn’t be as much fun attacking the ships on the open sea with Gian and stealing all the loot.

I’m getting a gold tooth next week.

Donald Ray Pollock’s Gothic Hillbilly Noir

Rys: I want to ask you about a passage towards the end of the book. You are reading a children’s book to your kids called There’s a Monster at the End of this Book. To recap quickly, it’s a book where Grover of Sesame Street keeps warning the reader that there is a monster at the end of the book and to not turn the page, and yet of course, we turn the page. I love this section and find it to reflect one our deepest impulses — from Eve and the apple to this children’s book, we are always pulled to what we shouldn’t. I wanted to ask you about this and how this passage made its way into this book.

McClanahan: Oh I’ve had that for years. I want to say it’s been in other books and Gian has edited it out. Books are just broken down cars. You have a bunch of parts for this car that won’t fit and then finally you put it in your Chevy Nova and it roars. I just loved the idea of putting a book inside of my book. I think we cut one of the best lines, but maybe it’s implied. The monster at the end of every book is you and me. I think that There’s a Monster at the End of this Book is as powerful as any children’s lit: Barrie or the Little Prince or Dahl or whoever.

“The monster at the end of every book is you and me.”

Rys: From Walmart to stories of ear wax being pulled from the ear of an old man, you constantly are elevating the mundane or things from daily life or things that usually aren’t granted space in a (capital “n”) Novel. You insist that we pay attention to these things and places and people, and I think that’s very important. Is this a deliberate choice or do you just find yourself fascinated by these things?

McClanahan: Those things don’t feel mundane to me at all. They feel vital. If you live for years thinking that you’re deaf and then a nurse just discovers that your ears are clogged with ear wax — then that event is almost like a resurrection story or a creation hymn almost. It’s a miracle story. The problem with most books is we’ve turned them into fine art. Everyone is trying to make art with their literary historical novels or post 9–11 novels and that’s why books feel well-written, well-crafted, but utterly devoid of anything human. Like ballet almost.

Do you know the story about Faulkner and the snooty old lady in Oxford? She buys one of his books and asks him to sign it. She asks him if he thinks she’ll like it and Faulkner says, “You’ll love it mam. It’s nothing but cheap trash.” Trash is holy though. The stuff most people would throw away in order to appear civilized is the stuff you can live off of for days. Ask any bum or dumpster diver.

Rys: I live in a small town in Southwestern Ohio there’s a part about half way through the book where you describe fast food signs as monuments and I found such incredible truth in that. I wanted to ask why you think big corporations like Walmart and McDonalds dominate small town consciousness.

McClanahan: I don’t know. To have a horror of the bourgeois is so bourgeois. Is there any more gentrified behavior than to talk about gentrification? Sure as hell wish they could send some gentrification West Virginia’s way. My wife Julia wants a Whole Foods.

I guess my whole point is that I come from a nothing people who were branded as in-bred and stupid in order for a company to steal their natural resources. I mean how many think pieces have you seen about Trump country and West Virginia when the Trump votes for this entire state only equals the Trump votes of any one SINGLE major county in California. But then again it’s our fault. I say fuck you to that. But when you’re given nothing like fast food culture you try to understand that nothing and celebrate that nothing. You rely on that nothing. Most people I know just want to change things. It even seems like writers are asking how they can change society through their work like some shitty Naturalist writer sitting at the feet of Zola. I don’t want to change the people I write about in West Virginia. I want to love them, which is the only way to change anything. Loving something.

“To have a horror of the bourgeois is so bourgeois. Is there any more gentrified behavior than to talk about gentrification? Sure as hell wish they could send some gentrification West Virginia’s way.”

Rys: Can you share what you are working on now?

McClanahan: I’m working on a book called Vandalia. I don’t have a word written yet, but I have a title. It’s an old title of Gian’s that he wrote down as a possible title for Hill William. I don’t even know what the title means yet, but I’m going to take the next ten years to find out. I sort of wish technology would catch up though. There’s no reason there shouldn’t be books with in-text music and visuals and movie clips. A real fusion of all the art forms to make a new one. I want to be the D.W. Griffith of this new form. It’s going to happen.

Jane Austen Letter Reveals the Author’s Guilty Pleasure — Yes, It’s a Kind of Book

Plus this decade’s Little Women squad is officially assembling

The Persuasion author, just killing time between Gothic melodramas.

It’s a gloomy, rainy day in New York City, which means we’ve searched the nooks and crannies of the internet to find all the best literary news. In today’s roundup, an auctioned Jane Austen letter reveals her guilty reading pleasure, telephone booths in Times Square share oral histories of the city’s immigrants, a lost Maurice Sendak picture book has been found, and a new Little Women adaptation will be coming to TV screens soon.

Jane Austen Was a Little More Goth Than Previously Suspected

According to a newly found letter, Jane Austen may have had a weakness for the Gothic novels her own work mercilessly mocked. Austen’s Northanger Abbey clearly pokes fun at the dramatic tendencies and themes of Gothic literature; yet, Austen may not have been as critical of the genre as the novel implies. A letter to her niece — written as a note to the author, Rachel Hunter, whose book the two had recently read — both parodies and praises the style and happenings of the story. The letter was clearly written with comic intent, but it also tells us that Austen was still reading these melodramatic, Gothic texts even a decade after publishing Northanger Abbey. The letter is being auctioned off by members of the British writer’s family on July 11th alongside two other correspondences between the two women — all selling for as much as £162,000. Like most of us, it seems Austen sometimes just couldn’t resist a good ol’ trashy novel.

[The Guardian/Danuta Kean]

Phone Booths in Times Square Now Sharing Immigrants’ Stories

To offer a respite from the maelstrom that is Times Square — with its blinding lights, aggressive costumed characters, and angry New Yorkers scurrying to get to work on time — a new art installation is prompting visitors and residents to duck into a phone booth and listen to some real New York stories. Three repurposed telephone booths have been placed in Duffy Square (between 45th and 47th streets) by Times Square Arts, a public program of the Times Square Alliance, allowing people to step in, close the doors, and simply listen. (And for those who like to read, each booth also includes a ‘phone book’ laying out the backstory of the city’s various immigrant communities.) Titled “Once Upon a Place,” the project documents 70 immigrant histories in the form of oral storytelling. Their placement within Times Square is explained by the iconic location’s inherently visible, international nature. The art installation’s creator, Aman Mojadidi, expressed the difficulty he had in collecting stories given the country’s current political climate, especially regarding immigration. Despite these troubles, eventually Mojadidi was able to successfully document the journeys of New Yorkers from a wide range of countries. The installation will be up until September 5th, urging people to stop and take a listen to the often unheard stories that make up New York City.

[New York Times/Tamara Best]

New York City, Seen Through Its Bodegas

Unpublished Maurice Sendak Picture Book Unearthed

Five years after Where the Wild Things Are author Maurice Sendak’s death, an unpublished picture book has been found in his archives. Titled Presto and Zesto in Limboland, the work was unearthed in Connecticut by Lynn Caponera, president of the Maurice Sendak Foundation, who promptly sent a copy to Sendak’s editor, Michael di Capua. The book appears to be a kind of inside joke between its co-authors, Sendak and his frequent collaborator, Arthur Yorkinks. The text references the pair’s nicknames for each other: Yorinks was Presto, and Sendak was Zesto. The illustrations were created in 1990 as additions to the London Symphony Orchestra’s performance of a composition that set Czech nursery rhymes to music. Although it was forgotten for many years while other projects were on the front-burner, Yorinks said that “the memory of writing it originally flooded back in a wonderful kind of way. We always had a lot of laughs for two really depressed guys.” Presto and Zesto in Limboland is now set to be published in fall 2018, a fitting homage to the late influential author and illustrator.

[The Guardian/Danuta Kean]

New Little Women Adaptation Coming to BBC and PBS

The BBC and PBS know what their fans want, especially when it comes to co-productions. Literary adaptations, cozy mysteries and more literary adaptations. It seems the networks are at it again, this time with the announcement of a new Little Women reboot. Based on the Louisa May Alcott classic, the three-part TV miniseries will be coming to BBC One and Masterpiece on PBS, written by the Academy-Award winning creator of Call the Midwife, Heidi Thomas. Emily Watson is set to play the family’s iconic matriarch, Marmee, while the March sisters will be played by four up-and-coming actresses: Maya Hawke as Jo, Willa Fitzgerald as Meg, Annes Elwy as Beth, and Kathryn Newton in the role of Amy. They have big shoes to fill. Past renditions have included luminaries and budding stars like Winona Ryder, Claire Danes, Elizabeth Taylor, Katherine Hepburn…You get the picture. Fortunately, this iteration’s women will have Angela Lansbury to guide them. Probably best to set your DVRs now, Alcott-heads.

[HuffPost/Claire Fallon]

The Weird World of Selena Chambers

Joshua Ferris Builds Beautiful Machines

Typically, when a writer is said to be stylish, it usually means one of two things. Either they use a lot of modifiers and describe things in ornate, sometimes stultifying language and detail, or they write short sentences. Writing in the second category is often described by critics with the (to me) dreaded “taut” or “spare,” useful designations that alert a prospective reader to a dull time ahead. In some cases, the stylish tag is actually deserved and accurate — one thinks of perhaps Karen Russell and Michael Chabon in the first case, perhaps Cormac McCarthy in the second. An essential extravagance, in one direction or another on the spectrum of descriptive usage, being the shared trait.

But it seems to me that there is a third type of stylishness, one that is not typically regarded as style, if it’s even regarded at all. I’m thinking here about rhetorical stylishness, the elegant use of the tools of language to prosecute an argument in narrative. All narrative, of course, is an argument, of one form another, even if the author is unaware of this fact, or even opposed to it. A paragraph-long description of a flower is not only an attempt to convince a reader of certain aspects of the flower’s appearance — it is yellow, it is beautiful, it smells good or has no smell as all — but on a secondary level is also an argument about the narrator or protagonist, i.e. that they are the kind of person who would spend a paragraph describing a flower.

Even so, some writers incorporate argument and the structure of argument as visible, foreground brushstrokes of their work, rather than background wash. An instructive example of what I’m trying to describe here might be to compare Richard Yates and John Cheever, two writers often thought of as similar, both in terms of subject (alcoholic, post-war suburbia) and style (stylish). But where Cheever was a sensualist, an extravagant writer of the first descriptive order, Yates’ style was essentially rhetorical in its nature, his lean and limpid prose, paragraph by paragraph, tracking his characters’ fatal flaws with merciless efficiency.

For a more contemporary instance, consider Adelle Waldman’s The Love Affairs of Nathaniel P. The book lays out a central question — is the main character an asshole? (the answer: kind of) — and attends to it with what amounts to a novel-length Socratic dialog. Nate’s back and forth, at turns self-critical and self-deceiving, is negotiated with wry skill by Waldman, and it amounts to a structural beauty as stylish in character as taut three-word sentences or ravishing descriptions of Paris in dawn light.

Joshua Ferris, in my opinion, might be considered the most stylish current writer of this persuasion. Then We Came to the End, his first (and I think best) novel, derives its pathetic and satirical force from the simple (yet difficult to execute) choice of writing in first-person plural. In doing so, he channels an office’s interior social life as a shared consciousness, which, in turn, speaks volumes about the simultaneously oppressive and communitarian experience of working daily with other people. When the book switches to third-person, isolating one of the central characters, we understand on a syntactical level, before any plot occurs, that the story has shifted to a liberating, terrible isolation. This is a nifty trick by Ferris: to turn the technical apparatus of perspective into the primary means of communicating his moral concerns about the anomie of modern society.

Ferris’s new collection of short stories, The Dinner Party, continues to showcase this facility, in both the successes and failures of individual pieces. The best story in the book, “The Pilot,” offers a glimpse into the psyche of a young screenwriter, Leonard, who has been invited to a Hollywood party. There, he might pitch his new pilot to industry big-wigs, among them the hostess, with whom he has worked before, and who he is unsure meant to invite him in the first place. The story proceeds on the basis of Leonard’s tortured pre-party rationalizations, which may sound like thin gruel as described, but steadily builds a convincing, and excruciating, portrait of indecision:

He was debating inviting his roommate. On the one hand, he’d have someone to go with. On the other hand, his roommate was a musician, and he trembled before the mystical competition of a musician’s night life. What if he invited him and he said no? His roommate had something going on nearly every night, always more vibrant and exclusive-sounding than the pale thing he had going on, and so he felt it better to withhold the invitation than risk suffering the indignity of rejection, even if that rejection was due to a simple conflict of interest, like preexisting plans, for example. It was hard not to take even conflicts of interest personally. Because what if, for instance, his roommate secretly delighted in having a legitimate conflict of interest because of how little he cared to entertain Leonard’s lesser invitation, even when tonight that “lesser” invitation was to a party at Kate Lotvelt’s? If, that is, that invitation still stood.

Two things here — first, this a very funny piece of writing, and Joshua Ferris is a very funny writer. There is a great deal of comic mileage to be had from pursuing this kind of rhetorical strategy to its far limits. It is a satirical comic style that strikes me as essentially British in character — Waugh and Amis (both, but mainly Kingsley), and even Anthony Powell, were masters of setting up linguistic frameworks in which their characters’ foibles could be batteringly exposed, a comic mode perhaps traceable, like most things, back to Shakespeare, with his dissolutely preening Falstaff.

But in these stories this kind of extended riff is never merely for comic effect, and the joke, in its telling and retelling, tends to expose something more serious, often dire. Leonard, in addition to being insecure, is a recovering alcoholic, and the story’s vacillating surface echoes the contest waged within him between sobriety and drink. Likewise Jack in “A Fair Price,” whose inability to stop talking to a taciturn man he’s hired to help him move — initially the kind of gag that drives cringey, David Brentish scenes in sitcoms — steadily reveals the insecure, dangerous child lurking in his core.

Ferris’s fiction is at its best when, in this way, form follows function — when form is function. In “The Breeze,” another of the best from this collection, a woman’s fear of missing out on her own life is dramatized through dozens of iterations of a potential night out with her boyfriend. They go to the park, have a picnic, have sex in the shadows, have drinks with friends, go home satisfied; they never make it out of the subway; they fight and go separate ways; they try to picnic but it’s too dark and he can’t get it up; they go to a miserable dinner in an Italian restaurant; they go to a movie and go home. The story’s confusing, frustrating structure is the point of the story, as it emulates the main character’s crushing sense of imminent loss, fear of losing an ephemeral moment that she loses exactly because of her inability to choose one thing or another.

The weaker stories in this collection, in turn, tend to lack this kind of rhetorical mechanism and feel somewhat slack in comparison. “A Night Out,” for instance, is, like “The Breeze,” the story of a couple’s potential split, but without the former’s structural focus. The story’s climactic moment is an unconvincing deus ex machina: the cheating husband’s other woman turns out to be a waitress at the restaurant where he takes his in-laws. This might fly if the piece was set in Des Moines — maybe — but not Manhattan. “The Valetudinarian” concerns an elderly Jewish man, recently moved to Florida, whose wife dies, who becomes embroiled in a feud with his neighbor, who has a birthday, who is given a prostitute as a birthday present, who suffers a heart attack, who is rescued by the neighbor, who tries to find the prostitute, who runs from the police, etc. The shaggy doggishness of these pieces is at complete odds with the torqued precision of their better cousins, a precision that, in Ferris’s case, seems almost completely derived by figuring out the proper technical angle at which to approach his material.

A Story About the Volatility of a Codependent Friendship

Even so, the more minor stories are still very funny. Here is Arty Groys, the namesake valetudinarian, dispensing morbid life lessons to his two-year-old granddaughter:

“They don’t give you a manual, Meredith, and who’s going to prepare you if not your Grandpa? I’m not going to go pussyfooting around your bowel movements on account of your young age, because one day you’re going to wake up and wonder why the world perpetuated treacherous lies against such a perfect creature as yourself, and I want you to look back on your old Grandpa and remember him as somebody who told you the truth about what’s in store for you, and not as one of these propagandists for perpetual youth just because right now your constitutionals happen to be nice and firm. Do you know what a constitutional is, Meredith? I will tell you.”

That “I will tell you” is a stroke of comic genius, of which there are many in this book. My personal favorite is in “The Pilot,” when Leonard attempts to conquer his party anxiety, not with alcohol, but by dressing up as Coach Taylor from Friday Night Lights. The image of Leonard walking nervously through an industry-packed Spanish Modern, dressed in a windbreaker and ball cap while chewing a toothpick, is an indelible comic moment on the order of Jim Dixon’s drunken “Merrie England” lecture.

Comedy is itself a rhetorical device, and a joke is an argument in perfect miniature. So there’s a logic in a writer of Ferris’s rhetorical facility having equal facility with humor. But many writers are funny, and what sets Ferris apart is his ethical sense, the way his carefully tooled comedic engines turn larger wheels of moral inquiry. As Jack wonders at the end of “A Fair Price,” a reader’s laughter at the joke of his angry insecurity dying along with Jack’s hired hand: “What does a man do — and I mean a real man, a good man — what does a good man do when he knows he’s done something wrong?”

At its best, Ferris’s comic style mimics in language the faulty thinking of his characters, exposing the way people become caught in their own mental processes like factory workers falling into the teeth of great gears. In doing so, these stories propose better ways to survive and live, to be. That this often produces grisly humor and laughs is a secondary, though extremely welcome, effect.

Ted Wilson Reviews the World: The Fourth of July, 2017

★★★★★

Hello, and welcome to my week-by-week review of the world. Today I am reviewing the Fourth of July, 2017.

How was your Fourth of July? Don’t answer that because I won’t be able hear you. But that’s okay because I already know yours was not nearly as good as mine.

The best thing that happened on the Fourth of July is I got a prank phone call from a woman pretending to be my deceased wife. It was a pretty decent impression bolstered by the fact that I haven’t heard my wife’s voice in several decades. What clued me in that this woman was an impostor was the fact that she didn’t know my name. But for ten wonderful minutes I thought my wife was alive again and it was fantastic. What a feeling!

As the tragedy of losing my wife a second time was about to set in, I was distracted by my neighbor Fran’s prank of setting off several hundred firecrackers on my front porch. When I climbed out from cowering under my kitchen table and saw Fran and his two sons pointing through the window and laughing, I shared in their laughter. He plays pranks like that on me all the time and it keeps me in good spirits.

My Fourth of July was off to a great start and it was only 8 AM. I headed down to the river to get a good seat for the evening’s fireworks display. Arriving 12 hours early really paid off because I had the whole river to myself. Unfortunately around 10 PM I figured out I had the wrong river which is why it was so empty except for a small crowd that had gathered to watch a couple having sex. Everyone celebrates in their own way.

I didn’t miss out on the fireworks entirely, because I had recorded last years televised display, so I just watched that. It was good enough.

As I was drifting off to sleep I imagined how lucky I am to be an American. Then I imagined how lucky I would be to be another nationality in a nation where everyone gets healthcare, and a year off to spend with their newborn, and where a much smaller percentage of the population is imprisoned.

All of this made me sad about America and I began crying, but then I screamed for joy because the doctor said my tears ducts didn’t work anymore because I was so old and had overused them, but it turns out she was wrong!

BEST FEATURE: If you want to fire a gun into the air, it’s a good time to do it without anyone noticing.
WORST FEATURE: A bullet came through my window.

Please join me next week when I’ll be reviewing C.H.U.D.

TED WILSON REVIEWS THE WORLD: SCRABBLE

Reclaiming A Lost Tribal Language: How, and at What Cost?

Growing up, I spent summers going to the Turtle Project, which was a camp for Aquinnah Wampanoag kids run by our tribe. Aquinnah is a small town on the far end of Martha’s Vineyard. Every year the island swells with seasonal tourists flocking to its idyllic beaches and picturesque towns. Although I never considered myself a tourist because of my familial and cultural ties to the island, my childhood experiences there mostly matched up with the tourists’.

We would spend all day at the beach or the famous Agricultural Fair in August. For a couple years, a woman named Jessie Little Doe Baird ran the camp. Before Baird took over, we spent our days playing outside and learning about local wildlife. With Baird, we spent most of the beautiful summer days inside, learning Wampanoag language and traditions. I remember one trip we made to a local beach; we were learning how to track animals in the dunes and we weren’t even allowed to go in the water. I don’t know who was responsible for the change, but around this time I remember being irritated that we weren’t supposed to call the Turtle Project a “camp,” because we were there to learn, not just have fun.

We weren’t supposed to call the Turtle Project a ‘camp,’ because we were there to learn, not just have fun.

Baird’s tribe, the Mashpee Wampanoag, and my tribe, the Aquinnah Wampanoag, are sister tribes. Related, but separate. Shared histories, similar customs, but separate governments and individual stories. Geographically too, our tribes are very close. Mashpee, a small town in Cape Cod, is a short boat ride away. Mashpee has one of the biggest East Coast powwows. Each summer, in the height of powwow season, their powwow attracts the best dancers and the biggest crowds. Fireball, a dangerous cleansing ritual performed by playing a game with, well, a fireball, is a legendary highlight of the Mashpee powwow. We have a new powwow organized by our youth group that’s at the tail end of powwow season in September. Local dancers and tourists who happen to be there make up most of the crowd. There is a familial rivalry and closeness between the two tribes. In fact, Baird is married to an Aquinnah Wampanoag — our Medicine Man.

My senior year of high school, I went to see We Still Live Here, a documentary film, with my mom. The film is about Baird’s mission to recover the Wampanoag language, which no one had spoken fluently for generations. Baird was leading the Wampanoag Language Reclamation Project and had received a Master’s degree from MIT to help her do so. The screening, which took place at the Brattle Theatre in Harvard Square, was followed by a Q&A with Baird and its director, Anne Makepeace. My mom and I drove from our home in Newton, where I had grown up, into Cambridge for the event. In the dark Brattle Theatre, there was an older white man sitting next to me. He’d shoot me a dirty look every time I whispered a comment to my mom during the movie. I imagined he was thinking something about disrespectful kids. At the beginning of the Q&A, Baird made a point of thanking the two Wampanoags in the audience — me and my mom. She asked us to stand and I think there was a round of applause for us. After I sat down, the man next to me smiled at me and extended his hand for me to shake. I shook it.

Baird is raising her daughter as the first native speaker of Wampanoag in seven generations. The film devotes a lot of space to this narrative. More advanced students, Baird says, are crucial to the spread and development of the language but there are not nearly enough of them. Her daughter, though, is the great hope. Baird has a line that goes, “if she’s the first [native speaker], there necessarily has to be a second and a third and a fourth.” I never got that. Why does that have to be true? What if she is the first and last? Destiny is a compelling narrative, one that is reinforced by the film’s use of animated words that transform into animals, scenery, or shadowy Wampanoag ancestors. This device makes the film’s story more about destiny and history than any kind of modern narrative. Baird’s motivation for starting to work with the language also speaks to the pervasiveness of the trope that Native culture only exists in the past.

Baird is raising her daughter as the first native speaker of Wampanoag in seven generations.

Baird’s story, which she recounts in the film, began in the early ’90s, when she had a recurring dream. In the dream, she heard people speaking in a language she did not understand or recognize. Eventually, Baird came to realize that they were speaking in her native language, a language no one spoke anymore. Baird went on to found the Wampanoag Language Reclamation Project in the aftermath of that dream, culminating in her enrollment at MIT in the late ’90s.

Later, she was also awarded a MacArthur Foundation Grant, which came with a $500,000 prize. Baird graduated from MIT in 2000, after working closely with Ken Hale, a celebrated linguist. Baird tells a story of the first time they met. He came by the tribe to give a talk. Baird laughs and says that she was quite disrespectful to him, challenging his whiteness and calling him out on a small mistake he made. When she showed up at MIT, she was appalled to learn that Ken was the expert she’d be working with. She went to his office full of trepidation and ready to dump a big fat apology on his desk in the hopes that he would help with her project. Before she could apologize, he welcomed her with, “I’ve been waiting for you.” It’s like a scene from a ninja legend — the aged master, waiting years for the promised apprentice to show up at his doorstep. The movie endows this line with the same kind of mystic power that it gives to Baird’s dreams and her insistence that her daughter is the start of a new generation of native speakers.

I’m especially sensitive to framing Native culture in this way because I know how most people think of us. You’re not a Real Indian unless you are wearing feathers in your hair and beating a drum or hunting buffalo and Using Every Part. The American imagination of Native Americans relies on a few whitewashed historical examples and stereotypes.

Whenever I tell someone about the language project, they almost always ask if I can tell them how to say something. Sometimes I feel like just telling them something that I know will satisfy them, but sharing language with curious strangers feels like giving in to their exoticized image of a Native person. I’m also reluctant to share because I’m embarrassed at how little of the language I know. But even if I could get over those fears, I feel uncomfortable because I don’t really know what I’m allowed to share or not. Baird has often insisted on what I’ve always found to be a confusing level of secrecy about the language. Except for family of tribal members, non-tribal members are not allowed into language classes. I would have thought making a language as accessible as possible would only help its rehabilitation. Yes, Baird explained to me once, but the language is accessible to those who need it. It’s not for anyone else. But then who is the movie for? The broader context for the movie is the reality of how and why people consume Native American cultural narratives.

I know how most people think of us. You’re not a Real Indian unless you are wearing feathers in your hair and beating a drum or hunting buffalo and Using Every Part.

Part of this context is Caleb’s Crossing, the 2011 novel Geraldine Brooks, a bestselling author from Australia, wrote about the first Wampanoag to graduate from Harvard’s 17th century Indian College. Before publication, Brooks sent her manuscript to Baird and another historian in the tribe to look over for cultural accuracy. Baird had done this for other writers, only to be ignored, so she decided not to waste her time. The other historian replied in detail to Brooks about a number of problems, like a story about an Englishman’s toes getting cut off and eaten by his Wampanoag captors. We didn’t actually eat toes, she told her. I also heard that the novel played it fast and loose with the language. Brooks completely ignored these comments. I was outraged. Months later, after the book was already a bestseller, Brooks did a reading at the Aquinnah Town Hall, which was packed for the event. Most of the people who came were non-Tribal town residents but there were a few Tribal members in the audience. One of them stood up to thank Brooks for honoring us with her beautiful depiction of the tribe.

My mom went up to Brooks after the reading and told her that she had some serious reservations about the book. Brooks thanked her for expressing her feelings and moved on to a crowd of fans. I was so proud of my mom for standing up to a famous author, but felt a sense of loss after the talk. Nothing had changed. After listening to my whining for a week or so, my mom told me that if it bothered me so much, maybe I should write my own book about the tribe. She’s right, but I’m almost paralyzed by anxiety over how a book about the tribe could ever be “mine.” This fear is based in my own insecurity about being an authentic tribal member. I don’t know what such a person looks like but I’ve always felt that living mostly off-Island makes me less Wampanoag somehow. But as much as I feel I’m not representative of the typical Tribal member, living off-Island actually makes me more representative than if I didn’t: only about 20% of the tribe lives on Martha’s Vineyard and less than half of those live in Aquinnah. The more I think about it, the more I realize that what makes me most uncomfortable about speaking on behalf of the tribe is my own privilege. Living off-Island doesn’t make me atypical, but attending graduate school at Columbia might. Does this privilege give me different responsibilities?

There are different kinds of privilege. Unlike Baird and so many others, I’ve never known what it’s like to not have my Native language. I may not be fluent, but I grew up learning the language during those summers. And so I take its presence for granted and question how and why it’s being employed more than how it can be recovered and preserved.

Even though Anne Makepeace made the movie, we think of it as “Jessie Baird’s movie.” Nobody has questioned Anne Makepeace’s intent. Certainly nothing close to the criticism Geraldine Brooks received. Brooks came in as an outsider and told the story the way she wanted to. Baird was allowed to tell her story the way she wanted to. But on whose terms? In the movie, the ancient texts turning into elegant cartoons of Wampanoag ancestors, the drumming scenes, Baird’s professed fear of not understanding the “big city” of Boston — they all add up to something. Why do we have to want our language back only because the Wampanoag ancestors in Baird’s dreams told her to? The film implies that Wampanoag people need the language to more fully embody our Tribal entities — and maybe we do, but there’s a slippery slope from there to suggesting that Native people can only be authentic by living distinctly un-modern lifestyles. We Still Live Here is great with particulars — the nuts and bolts of language class or occasional specific linguistic developments, but I worry that the movie will be just another achievement in the cultural trophy case of people like the man who shook my hand in the Brattle Theatre.

Unlike Baird and so many others, I’ve never known what it’s like to not have my Native language.

Baird is not the only Native person fiercely protecting our culture through secrecy. Leslie Marmon Silko is one of the most prominent Native American writers. Her 1977 novel Ceremony is her most famous book; four years after it was published she won the same Macarthur Grant that Baird would win years later. And yet the novel was criticized for using too many tribal traditions — traditions that Puebla poet Paula Gunn Allen said were not meant to be shared with non-Tribal members. The Macarthur Foundation website’s blurb about Silko states that she is “a writer, poet, and filmmaker who uses storytelling to promote the cultural survival of Native American people.” Can Silko be promoting cultural survival when she is being called out for inappropriately putting that same culture on display?

Last spring, JK Rowling wrote a story on her Harry Potter website Pottermore called “A History of Magic in North America,” which inevitably included a description of Native magicians. Dr. Adrienne Keene, a Native scholar and blogger, responded to one of the few specific details in the story: the legend of the ‘skinwalkers.’ The Skinwalker is a real Navajo legend and Keene’s response to Rowling’s incorporation of this real legend echoes Baird: “these are not things that need or should be discussed by outsiders. At all. I’m sorry if that seems ‘unfair,’ but that’s how our cultures survive.” In other words, Keene is making the same argument that Paula Gunn Allen made about Ceremony and Baird makes about the language: we don’t owe you anything. It’s not surprising that the Macarthur Foundation and Native activists have very different ideas about how Native culture can and should “survive,” but they do use the same word to describe what they believe they are doing. I’ve learned that cultural preservation can be inward or outward facing but not both.

I wonder how much these pushes for secrecy are motivated by a desire to be able to claim absolute ownership of something for once. I can identify with that desire. One year in Turtle Project we were taught the “true” story of the first Thanksgiving. The story we had been taught in school, we were told, was a lie. We were also told not to share this new version with non-Tribal members. I felt a rush of excitement upon learning this new version of the Thanksgiving story. During this time, I was also learning about the bad things colonialism had brought to Native people and had decided I didn’t want to be friends with any “Europeans.” Beyond the youthful excitement of knowing a secret, I was especially excited about knowing a secret that felt so transgressive and anti-European. I loved the idea of having this knowledge and refusing to share it. But if the story I was being told was indeed a more accurate version of an important American story, then why were we being told not to share it? And anyway, I’m pretty sure the “secret” version I learned is generally accepted as the true, non-Hallmark version of the event by Europeans and non-Europeans alike. Adrienne Keene and the others have the right, of course, to do whatever they feel is necessary to protect their Tribal cultures. But I believe we also have the responsibility of asking what motivates that desire. And what if our ideas on how to best protect our cultures are directly opposed to one another?

Wampanoag Nation Singers and Dancers performance, 2013. Photo: National Park Service

Last year, I called Baird to ask her some questions about the progress of the language project. During the call, Baird credited much of the positive publicity around the Language Project to the movie. She recently founded a Wampanoag language immersion school. So in that way, I can see how the movie has done concrete good for its subjects. But at what price? And who ends up paying that price? I didn’t ask her these questions, but I wish I had.

I’m still hesitant asking harder questions when I talk to Tribal members, especially such well-respected ones. The film gives an unfamiliar audience insight into my tribe, but ends up being the end of a conversation instead of the beginning. Through its reliance on stereotypes (employed equally by white filmmakers and Tribal members) the film does little more than confirm what many viewers already believe before watching the film. To what extent is the film responsible for the assumptions of its audience? In the end, I think the movie tells the story it means to tell: Baird’s story. But I’m sure that most people who see the movie see The Wampanoag Story. And that’s not to say that’s entirely inaccurate. Maybe it’s just an inevitable problem of using one person, no matter how emblematic, to tell the story of an entire group of people. And not a legendary figure from the past, but a living, imperfect, and utterly real person. And it is impossible; to all Wampanoag people, Baird is the embodiment of the drive to recover our language. In this case, she does represent Wampanoag language recovery efforts, but is that the subject of the film as most viewers will understand it?

The film gives an unfamiliar audience insight into my tribe, but ends up being the end of a conversation instead of the beginning.

During the same phone call, I asked her how she weighed the different benefits that came with bringing back the language. She explained to me how, in the Mashpee land suit with the state of Massachusetts to get land in trust to build a casino, she was able to translate centuries-old records and place names that demonstrated Wampanoag presence on those same lands hundreds of years ago. The land in trust application required historical record that the Mashpee have only recently been able to provide. In other words, access to previously lost language is helping them get their casino, which she assumed I supported. She didn’t realize that I’m dubious of the casino projects both of our tribes are pursuing. Maybe I should have told her how I felt, but I’m again self-conscious of my own privilege. I don’t know the financial situation of the tribe or other Tribal families, but I do know that my family lives pretty comfortably. We don’t necessarily need the money. So I’m free to reject the idea of non-Native developers coming onto our land and taking advantage of one of our few special rights without worrying about the money I might be sacrificing.

Last spring, the Mashpee Tribe announced accelerated plans for their billion-dollar resort casino project. The 2017 scheduled completion date beats their competition by a year; the announcement was greeted by rousing cheers from the tribal community. “To all the doubters,” crowed Tribal Chairman Cedric Cromwell, “sorry.” The tribe also unveiled renderings of what the finished product will look like. For the most part, it looks like any other modern resort: shining glass towers, beautifully cultivated greenery, and all the other bells and whistles. The main entrance is modeled after a traditional Wampanoag dwelling, reminding all visitors whose casino they are visiting. This makes me feel sad and disappointed. A tourist trap novelty entrance to a resort casino doesn’t reflect well on anyone involved. Maybe that’s not fair, but I can’t help but be critical of what seems to be blatant culture commodification. Marginalization is not always something done to you by others.

Two years ago, I ran into Baird at a Native Artisan’s Fair organized by the Aquinnah Cultural Center. I was selling Wampum jewelry made by a cousin. She asked me how school was and what my plans were. I told her how I was about to start an MFA in New York. That’s great, she told me, we need writers. Tell our story.

In Brian Platzer’s Debut, a City Burns

Living happily in an illusion can only be a temporary state. Those things we are hiding from show up — always, like clockwork. Those lies. Those mistakes. There’s no getting away from them. Still, though, we try. Brian Platzer’s debut novel, Bed-Stuy is Burning, shows us that no matter how hard we might try, we can’t ever hide.

“Bed-Stuy is Burning balances the multiple layers of stories going on with great success.”

Aaron, Platzer’s protagonist, has a “lucky” life. He lives with Amelia, his girlfriend, and, together, they have a son named Simon. They fill their home with love and kindness. But family stability isn’t all they have going for them.

Aaron is a successful banker, and Amelia works as a journalist. They are near personifications of privilege. They live in a beautiful home in Bedford-Stuyvesant thanks to a good — very good — investment. Platzer wants us to know exactly how gorgeous the house is:

“The top windowpanes behind Amelia were 1890s stained glass, and they all matched one another. Orange teardrops emanated from a central sky-blue whirl surrounded by golden diamonds. Aaron owned those windows. He and Amelia did together. They owned the stained-glass windows and the original woodwork surrounding them. The wood was mahogany, carved to look like columns holding up a frieze, with little torches surrounded by wreaths carved into the corners. Aaron and Amelia owned this woodwork, as they owned the fireplace tiles around the still-functional gas fireplaces, the sconce lighting, the hardwood floors, the built-in closets.”

Aaron claims to live on the “nicest block in Bed-Stuy,” where even the neighbors are great. Aaron and his family have lives of near untouchable privilege — or so it seems.

Externally, sure, Aaron’s life is golden, but internally, he’s a man searching — for something that I don’t think he would recognize if found.

We learn of his past gambling trouble and how he practiced as a disbelieving rabbi. Now, he lives his life with an undercurrent of uncertainty and questions the very notion of faith. He struggles in accepting that other people stand on their religious beliefs so firmly: “Aaron really did think that no one believed in God. Or maybe it was okay that some people did but not his life partner — not his future wife and the mother of his eventual children.”

A Story About the Volatility of a Codependent Friendship

Aaron’s internal and external lives collide when a police officer kills a young African-American boy nearby, and rioters hit his street. The bubble that is Aaron’s perfect world suddenly pops, and Aaron and his family aren’t so safe. He must confront both his neighborhood and its tricky dynamics, consisting of gentrification and various social injustices, as well as face the truth about himself if his story is to be a happy one.

Platzer creates some really beautiful images throughout Bed-Stuy is Burning; however, the larger one, of a man trapped outside the confines of his home amidst great violence and trying to work his way back inside, is arguably the most poignant. It’s in scenes such as this one that the internal and external duality that guides so much of the story becomes nicely realized.

Bed-Stuy is Burning balances the multiple layers of stories going on with great success. Not only are there many threads — going into the past and, then, shifting in the present — with Aaron as I’ve mentioned, but there are a handful of diverse supporting characters, including a single dad named Jupiter and a tenant named Daniel, who make up Platzer’s narrative. These characters help amplify the struggles of Aaron — and the world in which he exists. However, it’s Antoinette, Simon’s loving and riveting nanny, who has an emotional arc regarding faith that threatens to — and occasionally does — steal the novel’s heart. Platzer captures these characters and their stories in a convincing and, ultimately, compassionate way. It’s this kind of delicate handling that makes Bed-Stuy is Burning work so well.

Many reviews will likely mention the timeliness of Bed-Stuy is Burning, but, still, this fact can’t be overstated. Platzer discusses race, privilege, and gentrification. These very things might well define our current year. However, there must also be an acknowledgement of the timelessness he captures here, too. The heart of Bed-Stuy is Burning is about a man who struggles to escape his past failures and face the future. He’s still working on figuring out his identity. He’s lonely. He’s ashamed. But he’s trying — and persevering. It’s quite a triumphant story.

While Platzer’s novel is undoubtedly a good one, the tension does get a bit overwhelming in the second half, and the pacing is a little too quick in sections. The thrills, too, extend longer than necessary. These, though, are minor qualms.

Bed-Stuy is Burning, with its diverse voices and sincere depiction of the fight for social equality, is a mighty fine debut from a writer to watch.

The Weird World of Selena Chambers

I first met Selena Chambers at the 2015 World Horror Convention in Atlanta. Since Chambers was “bar-conning” it that year — the convention-circuit term for hanging out at bars in and around the convention center and/or hotel to drink with people you know instead of attending the panels — we hadn’t officially met before then. We talked for a total of maybe 10 minutes. Chambers, however, would leave an impression: graceful, solicitous, intensely perceptive and interested, like me, in a narrow subset — 19th century American occult arcana. That night, I forgot to pay my bar-tab and had my cabdriver return to the bar; when I entered and threw a few bucks on the table, Chambers applauded and said, “Nicely played, sir!” That moment would prove providential as Chambers and I have returned many times, though never in person, to talk about fiction, carrying on an email correspondence right into the present day.

So it was with no minor jolt of elation that I began reading Chambers’ debut collection, Calls for Submission, which rolls out a wild and eclectic array. Perhaps needless to say, it did not disappoint, given what I knew of Chambers; it’s a creepy-sad, smart and courageous collection that stimulates the intellect while inexorably pulling and pulling the heartstrings. In “The Sehrazatin Diyoramasi Tour,” a 19th century Turkish automaton shows a crowd of European tourists a series of uncomfortable and, progressively horrifying truths; in “The Last Session,” a tender-hearted adolescent caring for her ailing mother makes expedient and unorthodox use of hypnotic techniques; and in “The Neurastheniac” (nominated for a 2016 World Fantasy Award), the spiritual unraveling and death of an Emily Dickinson-by-way-of-Diamanda-Galas-esque poet disperses before the reader in a flurry of journal entries and poetic fragments. In June, Chambers and I did the emailing thing in order to discuss reclaiming literary territory, “the female glance,” being a hot-weather Goth, Florida weirdness, and the non-intersectionality of literary circles.

Van Young: Individually, the stories in this collection are eclectic, but marvelously self-contained. Eclectic, in that they often hop among genres (dark fantasy, cosmic horror, steampunk vaudeville, etc.), and many of them are often riffs on historical arcana, or other stories altogether; for example, “The Last Session,” probably my favorite story in the book, is an after-school special screamo-punk riff on Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar,” while “The Şehrazatın Diyoraması Tour” seems to take on Ambrose Bierce’s “Moxon’s Master” and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, as well as other tales of Victorian automata. Self-contained, though, in that they never fall prey to meta-contextual preciousness, but stand on their own as both literary artifacts and accomplished short stories. The sum effect of the stories is truly arresting — like being whisked through a curio-shop of the last few centuries’ most telling fantastical preoccupations. In keeping with the riff-based quality of many of these stories, were there any other collections as a whole that served as literary templates in how you constructed your own?

Chambers: That’s tough because I really do love the short form, and love reading it, but the truth is I had no designs on having a collection until around 2015, after the majority of the stories were written. And when I did start thinking about it, it was more of a personal aesthetic-check-in to see what I’d been doing for the last decade. Because I’d solely written for themes and anthologies, I was really worried my body of work was too eclectic, and that I had wasted ten years ignoring my own aesthetic interests for the market. I was pleased to find that there was, for the most part, a core mission I was somewhat aware of, but I was unsure it was being fully executed.

So that’s what went into the collection as a whole, but as far as its parts go, there are a lot of influences. Each tale in Calls for Submission does have a better counterpart that influenced it. For example, there’s some Wodehouse and Fitzgerald in “The Venus of Great Neck,” but that story is most in-debt to Mèrimée. “The Şehrazatın Diyoraması Tour” was definitely influenced by Mary Shelley, but also by Nick Mamatas’s “Arbeitskraft,” which is a Steampunk novelette about Marx and Engels. It showed me how to subvert things I disliked about that genre while celebrating those things I loved.

Van Young: I see that element of eclecticism-as-subversion there for sure. As a whole, the collection reminded me a lot of Borges’ Universal History of Iniquity, where Borges takes these unrelated myths about larger-than-life historical figures and narratively & culturally re-contextualizes them, often with an absurd twist. Indeed, maybe it’s that quality of re-contextualization and recombination that I find so resonant between your work & Borges’. Yet now I should ask, since you mention it, what have you been up to for the last decade? What’s your core mission?

Chambers: Thank you! Borges has been one of the great “re-mixers” I’ve been interested in over the years, and I definitely took a few notes in regards to re-contextualizing history for excavating new stories out of the old (or, I guess even, the untold).

The last decade? Oof, can I even remember? When I graduated college in 2004, I forgot to apply to grad school and started writing for money.

I know. Hilarious, right? This was before everything was completely gutted though. Even so, it was a hap-dash CV: jewelry copywriting, student papers, glossy pop-feminist essays for pop-up Internet women’s magazines, and Rum Diary times at a weekly newspaper in South Florida. What I wanted to write was fiction, but I didn’t know what to write about, so I literally wrote about everything else that paid.

Eventually, this philosophy lead me to Genre via non-fiction thanks to the Poe bicentennial. Poe is a major influence, and so it was a natural fit. It was the missing ingredient to figuring out what I wanted to write, fiction-wise. Through Genre, I became aware of Steampunk, Interstitial, and Weird, as well as the overall enthusiasm for remixing and mashing literary works and historical figures in a way that I had been toying with in my early stories. So, I started experimenting with that more and…here we are.

As for the core mission…back to Poe for a minute. I got into him at a really young age and he was a gateway to many things for me, including Baudelaire, French Symbolism, Modernism, Dada, and Surrealism. (This is how I found Borges, btw!). I was very much bespelled by Poe’s Poetic Principle and interest in ordering the Universe (Eureka), and as you can imagine, that imbued me with a Goth girl sensibility and unhealthy interest in death and metaphysics that I aped until around my junior year.

That’s when I really got into Modernism, Dada, and Surrealism, and fell in love with Mina Loy. She was interested in creating and exploring the female space beyond Wollstonecraft and Woolf. Breaking out of a gilded cage to be in a room of one’s own was not enough for Loy. She wanted to see worlds, countries, cities, or, at the very least, a Library for women’s experiences.

In her essay, “The Library of the Sphinx,” she summarizes my core mission in one line: “Your literature — let us examine it your literature — It was written by the men — .” I am trying to look at what’s been written by the men (Lovecraft, Poe, Verne, Robert Chambers, Hemingway, Fitzgerald, William Burroughs, etc.) and exploring and clearing the spaces for lost (mostly feminine) voices within it. And because I am still that little Goth girl at heart, most of this space is within the realm of loss, illness, and submission.

Van Young: As a fellow hot-weather Goth, I salute you! I love what you say here about “exploring and clearing the spaces for lost (mostly feminine) voices within” male-dominated literary traditions. You know, I read an essay recently in response to Hulu’s The Handmaid’s Tale (“The Radical Feminist Aesthetic of The Handmaid’s Tale by Anne Helen Peterson) that made a case for the show — and other more meditative, female-centered narratives like it — as a purveyor of what the writer calls “the female glance,” which functions as a complement rather than an opposite to the “male gaze” put forth in Laura Mulvey’s 1975 essay. “Unlike the steady, obsessive gaze,” Peterson writes, “the glance is sprawling, nimble: not easily distracted so much as a constantly vigilant. It scans, it flits, it spins — or, alternately, it observes, with patient detail, the moments of a woman’s world that often go unnoticed.” I often found myself conscious of such a “glance” in Calls for Submission. Is it safe to say, then, your overall project of “exploring and clearing spaces” in your stories cuts all the way down to the images you — often cinematically — create? The phenomenological way your primarily female characters navigate the fictional worlds, and meta-fictional literary spaces that surround them?

Chambers: Ugh, yes. Hot-weather Goth is a whole drippy, wilting identity we must hash out! Is Swamp Goth a thing?

I was very much concerned with trying to do something like that, to shift the gaze. Before I really realized what I was doing, I started exploring that shift in “Of Parallel and Parcel,” which has Virginia Poe confessing her life in her willful terms in a way that defies Poe’s poetic principle. And I think I really started realizing what I was doing with the gaze when I wrote “Descartar,” whose mission was to retell the “La Llorona” myth through the lens of abortion in a way I hadn’t seen discussed back then. The whole notion probably became fully realized, though, in “Remnants of Lost Empire,” where I rejected all of the male-dominated Miskatonic assumptions of who is writing what and conducting what scholarship and why.

Van Young: Moving on to some of the individual protagonists in these stories such as Virginia Poe, as you cite, from “Of Parallel and Parcel,” or the narrator of “The Last Session,” or that of “Dive in Me.” There’s a certain doomed naïveté operating in many of these characters, but one that’s never not allied with a sort of weary wisdom — the knowledge that, indeed, everything will not turn out all right, the characters just don’t know it yet. Also, so many of these characters make terrible decisions and not necessarily on the path to making the right one. On the whole, though, they’re identifiable — likable, even, which is something I feel we sometimes lose sight of in our dash to ally ourselves with “unlikeable” characters. How did you achieve that balance? What are some other tensions you seek to capitalize on in your characterizations?

Chambers: Dang. That’s a tough one. I guess I’ve always been fascinated by the false notion that we have control of our lives. That with a bit of sense and careful planning we can unlock the path to happiness. To an extent that can be true. I don’t believe in predetermined destiny, but no matter how diligently you plan, there are a few forces that can come in and fuck it all up. Government, illness, natural disasters, death, and the influence of other people and/or society. Even when we don’t have these forces interfering with our lives, there is always a risk that what we think is the best decision could turn out to be the worst. So, I am interested in exploring character through that lens.

“There is always a risk that what we think is the best decision could turn out to be the worst.”

I wasn’t sure whether I accomplished that in a balanced way, so that’s great to hear. If there is any kind of secret to how I achieved that balance it has to just be from listening and observing how people talk about their own decision-making. In the South, people will tell you their life story at the drop of a dime, so I have had a lot of opportunities to hear different experiences and perspectives on life choices. It’s usually never cut and dry. I never hear “That was the best or worst decision of my life,” but I do hear “I wish I had known this…” or “I didn’t know better at the time….” So, I try to be true to that and eschew absolutes.

As to other tensions…in “Dive in Me” and “The Last Session” I was very interested in seeing how we change our personalities, or go against our better judgements, based on who we are around. And I hope the dialogue in all the stories at least show how we try to manipulate each other with what is said and unsaid. There is also the traction of the inner mind, which is probably most explored in “The Neurastheniac” and “Remnants of Lost Empire,” and somewhat more playfully in “The Good Shepherdess.” As someone who lives 90% of the time in her head, I am really interested in how you can get to know a character solely through what she wants to divulge. In the case of these stories, it’s through writing — be it journaling, poetry, or through letters.

Van Young: You mention you’re Southern, you live in South, yet I don’t necessarily think of you as a Southern writer. But now that you mention it there’s a certain strain of witty Southern fatalism in your work, as well as an aesthetic I can only describe as grotesque. And yet your work ranges far and wide of any concrete notion of, say, Southern Gothic, or self-consciously regional fiction. As we touched on before, you’re also a self-proclaimed hot-weather Goth! A woman writer who seeks to reclaim territory in a field (weird fiction) and cultural/literary landscape dominated by men. You’re also an intensely literary writer who, so far as I know, identifies more strongly with genre traditions. How has being somewhat of a square peg in a round hole informed your work?

Selena Chambers, by Yves Touringy

Chambers: It’s funny you mention the Southern Gothic thing. I’ve actually been mulling this over a lot, lately. There are definitely two stories in Calls for Submission that are riffing off of the Southern Gothic tradition, but I’ve always viewed them within a more specific lens that I’ve termed the Florida Gothic. I live in North Florida, and not only do we have your standard trappings of ancient oaks and Spanish moss, but a lot of tropical landscape flourishes as well. We got drunk college students and pompous politicians brawling in the streets, and because of the interstate access there are always a new group of drifters or Chattahoochee discharges passing through. The beach is nearby, but so are the springs and the swamps, and both carry the ancient and silenced within their tides. Indian burial grounds are scattered about, which is always good fodder for scaring kids, and there have been occasional serial killers around, which is better fodder for scaring adults. So, yeah, the general anecdotes, gossip, and conversations around here make for straight weirdness. It’s like Faulkner meets Florida Man, and no matter how innocuous the day starts out, you never know what fresh from Florida hell it’s going to end at.

“It’s like Faulkner meets Florida Man, and no matter how innocuous the day starts out, you never know what fresh from Florida hell it’s going to end at.”

The running gag, I think, in my more Gothic stories, though, is trying to get away with defying death, and there isn’t anything more fatalistic and grotesque than that. And I learned that from Poe, Mary Shelley and the Romantics, Baudelaire and the Symbolists, and later on from the nihilism of Dada and Surrealism. So, I guess my aesthetic development was informed more from European sensibilities (with the exception of Poe, but it was true for him, too) than any true Southern ones. But, even so, you can’t escape where you live.

Those same influences is what I think has lead me to fit into the Weird somewhat, although I don’t necessarily self-proclaim myself that. Which ties into being a square peg. I like writing different kinds of stories and playing with and learning from different styles. I’ve never really viewed sub-genres as publishing labels so much as potential tools to add to the writer’s toolbox. So, for example, my story “The Şehrazatın Diyoraması Tour” isn’t quite Gothic, isn’t quite Steampunk, isn’t quite Transhumanist, because it’s a story that uses elements of all of those subgenres to create a more interesting effect than if it were hardcore this or that and stayed within the rules of one genre. That does make my stuff hard to classify sometimes, and is why the Weird umbrella has been nice. Either way, never feeling like I have to conform to this or that category allows me to play and explore a story more and have fun with it, which is what’s important.

Van Young: I strongly relate to that sense of playfulness in my own work. Being a little bit all over the place not because I’m trying to make some massive statement about genre experimentation, but just because it’s sort of who I am, and what amuses me as a writer. But our genres do, in some ways, define us as writers, at least in terms of who we end up associating with — our communities. When we met at the World Horror Convention in Atlanta in 2015 I was struck by how, including yourself and other writers like Molly Tanzer, Jesse Bullington, Craig Gidney, Anya Martin, and Orrin Grey, etc. there was this whole other spectrum of literary genre fiction out there I’d never experienced, just because I’d been going to AWP, if I went anywhere, and that had totally defined my social space. If genre barriers really are breaking down in the way everyone says they are, why don’t all writers of all genres associate more often? How do we broaden the community?

Chambers: I’m so glad you had that experience at World Horror! It certainly was a special one. I’m really looking forward to checking AWP out next year for the same reason. I know there are other Venn Diagrams out there I want to intersect with, and so I hope I’ll get to have a similar experience there like you had at WHC.

The genre barrier has always astounded me, and from what I can tell, it starts in Academia, and the classist elitism it breeds. Over the years, I’ve been in conversations with several friends who went through various MFA programs, and the consensus is that if anyone rolled in with a horror story they’d be spanked out of the workshop. Ditto sci-fi, fantasy, etc., even though genre barriers are supposedly breaking down.

We also have huge disconnects when we discuss the approaches to our careers. Money isn’t necessarily the end game for me, but as a freelance writer it has to factor into things. That whole notion that the writing is worth something, even if it’s just a few pennies a word, just get blank stares from writers working within academia. If a CV has too many paying gigs, you are seen as too genre (even if you aren’t writing capital G stuff). Which…I don’t understand, because it seems to me if you are going to spend a lot of money and time studying a craft, the expectation is there might be a return in the end? So, the whole “I don’t write for money thing” promotes an interesting pseudo-aristocratic class dynamic that casts Genre basically into the “working classes,” and MFA as “nobles” when they’re actually serfs.

Not that we’re liberated in Genre, either…there are problems on the other side down here in the scum pond. Many problems. But, as far as community ambassadorships go…Genre is more fandom driven than anything else, and as a result, a lot of participants could care less about what’s going on beyond it. And it does take two to tango and all that.

“The whole ‘I don’t write for money thing’ promotes an interesting pseudo-aristocratic class dynamic that casts Genre basically into the ‘working classes,’ and MFA as ‘nobles’ when they’re actually serfs.”

Van Young: What you say about the binary of making money off writing creating a “pseudo-aristocratic class dynamic” is fascinating to me, and kind of right-on. It’s weird, right? You want to make money off your writing because why shouldn’t you, but also it’s become such a martyr’s art-form in some ways, you’re expected not to from the get-go and so when you seek to — actively — it can somehow depreciate the value of your work. I’ve always felt the genre community provides a much healthier template for how writers should be treated and paid by publications and editors in general. But we all have a lot to learn from each other, besides! Who are some writers and works (besides Calls for Submission) you see bridging the gap these days that particularly interest you?

Chambers: It is really weird! I mean, of course, speculative fiction may not be everyone’s cup of tea, but neither are straight-shot family sagas. But it seems like there should be room for all stories! The point of craft, to me, anyway, is you have the skills to write the best kind of story regardless of genre.

So, having said that — yeah, there are tons of writers bridging the gap between speculative fiction and lit fiction. Coming from the lit fic side: Amelia Grey and Karen Russell come to mind. One of my favorite science fiction stories,“Black Box,” is by Jennifer Egan. I just picked up Leyna Krow’s I’m Fine, But You Appear to be Sinking which looks like it’s going to be filled with very memorable tales and weird shenanigans. And I also have on the stack Lidia Yuknavitch’s Book of Joan which is a dystopian, alternate history of Joan of Arc. I haven’t read Sander’s Lincoln in the Bardo, yet, but from what I have heard that would definitely fit into this conversation.

So that’s just a few of those…on the other side, dang, let’s see. Molly Tanzer has a new novel coming out this November from Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Creatures of Will and Temper. It remixes The Picture of Dorian Gray and diabolism to explore the competitive and unconditional relationship of sisters, and I think is really going to speak to a lot of people with sibling feels (and Decadent feels!). Paul Tremblay’s last two novels have really crossed the bridge and opened port to readers who might not otherwise read horror. I think he was able to show just how much deeper into the human condition it can take us, especially with A Head Full of Ghosts. On the weird historical fiction front, Jesse Bullington’s The Folly of the World is a beautiful time-capsule of thieves and waifs struggling with some spookiness in the wake of the Saint Elizabeth Flood.

But, I don’t think a writer needs to necessarily jump into the big 5 to be part of the bridge. There are plenty of small press happenings, perhaps more so there than anywhere else: John Langan’s The Fisherman evokes Melville, Hemingway, and the great American fishing narrative to explore grief and loss. And I am always amazed by Nick Mamatas, whom I have already mentioned. My favorite work of his right now is The Last Weekend. It’s a poignant künstlerroman of a writer stuck in the middle of the post-apocalypse. But it’s also really just a mid-life existential crisis. He tries to rebuild his narrative that is constantly crumbling around him, in-between jacking up zombies, of course. I hate zombie books, so the fact that Nick was able to make me reevaluate the trope is saying something. To me, Nick is a “writer’s writer” but he’s so damn good you don’t realize that what’s happening. And really, I think that’s the rub, right — it’s about the writing. No matter which side of publishing you are on, it’s the writing that is going to transcend the bullshit.

Van Young: Last, not least, what’s with the title? Is it supposed to evoke some double-meaning?

Chambers: Yup! Calls for Submission refers to the two overarching elements of this book. First, there’s the career track…how these stories came to be. Almost all of them were written for anthologies or magazine themes. The only exception are the oldest stories, “The United States of Kubla Khan,” and “Of Parallel and Parcel.” Everything else was written in response to some form of a submissions call.

The second meaning refers to the collection’s overarching theme. I am fascinated by quieter forms of revolt, and each character in this story has some battle to subvert. Each story looks at how the character reacts when called to submit to something more powerful than them, be it government, illness, secrets, or worst of all, themselves.

Philip Larkin’s (Let’s Say…) Complicated Personal Life Is on Display in New Exhibit

Plus the Tolkien estate and Warner Bros. settle their blood feud

The day after a long weekend necessarily comes with a whole torrent of literary news we may have missed during our days off. In today’s roundup, a new exhibit about English poet Philip Larkin explores his dark interests and tendencies, a hefty $80 mill lawsuit between the Tolkien estate and Warner Bros. has settled, Chelsea Clinton has no choice but to speak about her mother and America’s political climate, thanks to a new children’s book, and late rockstar Warren Zevon’s books will soon be up for grabs.

New Philip Larkin exhibit explores his long unseen dark side

The controversy surrounding Philip Larkin emerged posthumously, when revelations regarding his obsession with pornography, his conservative views, and indications of racism marred his reputation. An exhibit in Hull’s Brynmor Jones library (where he was the librarian) has now opened to explore the life, experiences, and complexities of the English poet. The exhibit features hundreds of personal items, including books, clothes, photographs, and notes, most of which were once in Larkin’s home and have not been seen by the public. The women of Larkin’s life are featured in the exhibit, revealing his mistreatment of them and his own problems with intimacy. Also on display are the empty spines of diaries that the poet asked to be shredded after his death, which are now thought to have contained pornography, and a figurine of Hitler given to him by his father. The exhibition’s theme is pink, Larkin’s favorite color, and at the end of the show visitors are asked to write a letter to Larkin that will be pinned on the wall.

So, in short, “Annus Mirabilis” fans — prepare to have your mettle tested.

[The Guardian/Hannah Ellis-Petersen]

$80m lawsuit between Tolkien estate and Warner Bros. finally settled

If there’s anything to not be messed with, it’s J.R.R. Tolkien’s legacy — unless you want an $80 million lawsuit, that is. In 2012, the Tolkien estate sued Warner Bros. for breaching their contract and breaking copyright laws by merchandising Tolkien’s beloved book characters. However, the lawsuit has now officially been settled — 5 years later. The initial agreements between the two sides were made in 1969, and granted Warner Bros. access to selling physical property (figurines, stationary, clothing, etc.). By moving beyond that scope into digital and online promotion, the entertainment company was allegedly harming the English fantasy writer’s legacy. Specifically, the lawsuit noted the online gambling game “Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring: Online Slot Game.” The lawsuit said, “Fans have publicly expressed confusion and consternation at seeing ‘The Lord of the Rings’ associated with the morally questionable (and decidedly nonliterary) world of online and casino gambling.” The terms of the settlement remain confidential. Still, we’ve all learned a valuable lesson here. You play the Tolkien slots, you’re going to get burned — ’cause the house always wins.

[NY Times/Sopan Deb]

Chelsea Clinton is still being asked to answer for her mother & America

If you thought Chelsea Clinton might get a bit of respite on the children’s book circuit, think again. Her new children’s bestseller, named for the new feminist battle cry — She Persisted: 13 American Women Who Changed the World — steers clear of mentioning her mother in the book, aside from her brief cameo in a museum painting, captioned “Sometimes, being a girl isn’t easy.” But at recent promotional events, the author has been faced with questions from the kids such as, “How do we persist in resisting Donald Trump?” and “One day would you like to be president?” In an interview with The Washington Post, Chelsea Clinton said she did not want the recent election to overshadow the stories of the other women celebrated in the book, such as Helen Keller, Oprah Winfrey, and Harriet Tubman. Good luck with that. If there’s one subset of the population not exactly known for its ability to quit it with the persistent questions — why? how come? — it’s kids.

[The Washington Post/Nora Krug]

Warren Zevon’s large book collection to go on sale

Who doesn’t want to get their hands on a rockstar’s book collection? Warren Zevon’s eclectic library collection is going on sale, featuring signed copies with personal notes addressed to the late singer and songwriter. (Don’t pretend like you don’t know his biggest hit — “Werewolves of London.” Ah-oooo.) The library contains nearly 1,000 books, among them novels by his friends Carl Hiaasen and Stephen King. The books are being sold to raise money for a retreat and community center in Vermont started by Zevon’s ex-wife and daughter, a space that aims to be a safe haven for activists, artists, educational communities, and the like. Scattered among the pages on the block are personal items that the singer filed in there, including restaurant receipts, plane tickets, letters, and itineraries. Zevon never graduated high school, but loved to read, talk about books, and hang out with authors. The extensive collection is now being catalogued and will gradually be sold on eBay.

[The Washington Post/Lisa Rathke]

Surveillance, Satire and the Female Body

How to Explain the Nightmare

On the eve of a new tour, the Lonelyhearts are thinking about dystopias, Ghostface and the future of narrative songwriting

The Lonelyhearts are Andre Perry and John Lindenbaum, based respectively in Iowa City and Fort Collins. Since the band’s founding in 2003, they’ve released several well-received albums of narrative-driven songs, always poetic and gorgeously composed Americana whose lusher album arrangements give way to a more constrained and spare stage presentation of just a twelve-string acoustic guitar and a synthesizer. (I cannot recommend seeing them live strongly enough.) In addition to their work as musicians, both Perry and Lindenbaum have a background as prose writers, and Perry is also the co-founder of the Mission Creek Festival in Iowa City, an exciting annual celebration of music, literature, comedy, and other arts which brings together some of the best emerging talent in the country.

The Lonelyhearts’ latest album, The Age of Man, is something of a departure for the band, at least at first glance: a dystopian song cycle about strange weather, human/bat policemen, and refugee camps, its songs taking place across three generations of an alternative future America. It’s maybe my favorite of their albums so far: During a visit to Iowa City while on tour for my last novel, I had the privilege of hearing a few tracks while they were still being written, and the pleasure of listening to these works-in-progress on Andre’s living room studio left me anxiously hungry to hear the rest.

This summer, the Lonelyhearts are touring for several Midwestern dates with The Mountain Goats, beginning July 6th at Wooly’s in Des Moines, Iowa. Before they left, we discussed the literary argument that spawned The Age of Man, how we tell stories differently in lyrics and in prose, and how the invented world of an album comes into being.

Matt Bell [MB]: One of the fascinating bits of backstory to Age of Man is that it began out of an argument the two of you had while touring, specifically about Jennifer Egan’s A Visit from the Goon Squad, a novel built of interconnected short stories. Age of Man is a cycle of songs built along similar structural lines, each song its own story but contributing to the larger narrative arc of the album. Can I ask what the point of contention over A Visit from the Goon Squad was? Does Age of Man set out, somehow, to prove one or the other of you right?

John Lindenbaum [JL]: The album was actually inspired by two events — the aforementioned discussion of A Visit from the Goon Squad, and an unfortunate bat encounter in Andre’s apartment in Iowa City. As far as the Egan book, I think the argument was about whether or not the book is good. If I remember correctly, I claimed that the book succeeds because it weaves together a variety of perspectives to create a larger whole. I think Andre’s stance was that the book is just okay rather than brilliant, but now every novel about music will suffer from “it’s too much like Goon Squad” comparisons. We wanted to adopt the same multiple-perspectives several-generations conceit for Age of Man. I suppose that if you like our album, I was right. If you don’t, Andre was right.

Andre Perry [AP]: It’s true: We were arguing about the success of the novel’s structural premise. I didn’t think the whole narrative achieved “brilliance” as John noted but, damn, I respected Egan for making the effort. And, ultimately, she did craft some great stories within the entire book.

MB: The story in Age of Man takes place over three generations, and eventually includes plenty of speculative elements, including environmental disaster and radiation poisoning (“If I curse it’s just uranium in my brain / If I raise my hand it’s just the tailings building up in my veins”), bat-winged policemen and hyper-vigilant weathermen (“the watcher knows our sins / he calculates the winds”), and the failure of governmental and cultural institutions in a failing world (“Jesus was a good guy, I guess / but he never quite prepared me for this mess”). It’s a complicated story, but what we get is more impressionistic and allusional than expositional, which might be part of the difference between story collection and song cycle. Still, I wonder if there was a more explanation-heavy version at one time, or if you know more of the overarching story that what can be presented in these songs, each limited by a single narrator, singing from a single moment in the timeline. As someone reasonably ignorant of the typical songwriting process, I’d love to hear how the story was developed: did the plot exist separate from or even preceding the music, or was it collaged together as individual songs took shape? How much of this world never made it into the songs? Do you know a lot about these people and their lives outside of these moments?

JL: We developed the overarching narrative over the course of many, many lunchtime conversations. We had the general concept in mind before any of the songs were completed, but details changed as we worked our way through the lyrics of each song. For instance, I wanted “Repopulation Blues” to involve an IDP camp romance, but Ted’s new flame wasn’t one of the original set of characters. Many elements of the story might not be immediately clear to a listener, but yes, we see the various perspectives as combining to tell a cohesive story (in contrast to more of a Walter Benjamin-inspired putting-seemingly-unrelated-viewpoints-into-conjunction, which might better describe our previous records or the interludes in your Scrapper.)

And yes, we know additional details that aren’t explained in the lyrics (White Nose Syndrome in American bats, academic debates about “the Anthropocene,” Iran’s threat to blockade the Strait of Hormuz, the Bay Area male escort economy, etc.). Such an omniscient perspective violates Ted’s “no shahs/no creeds” claims in the final song, so maybe it too is doomed.

Alejandro Zambra’s Literary Mixtape

AP: In retrospect, the music and the final set of lyrics really did evolve separately in these songs. It was an interesting relationship: We had a story that we definitely wanted to tell but the songs’ structural confines — the chords and melodies and cadences we had put together independently of the lyrical conceit — determined how that story could be told. The phrases in “The Glow” allowed for us to fit a ton of words and thus narrative and insight into the song whereas “Escape From Bat City” has the shortest verses — it’s almost impossible to achieve reflective depth with verses that short. Those constraints really affected how the narrative came across from song to song. I mean, we knew that the music for “Escape From Bat City” was going to be about escaping the radioactive bats of Pittsburgh but if it had been different music the narrative would have unfolded with an alternative depth.

MB: Were there musical arrangements that you meant for the album that never found their lyrics? Formally, it’s interesting to think of the music as a constraint, which it obviously is (and often in a generative way, it seems), but also as a form seeking its own best content: the music wants a certain story shape, and you either find it or you don’t. Ten years from now, do we get the “Deluxe” version where those extra songs are possible?

AP: Somehow we made everything fit this time around. We found a home for each set of music, a place for each one of them on the record where they could become a piece of the story. To be honest, it was brutal at times — sitting around a kitchen table trying to come up with the words to both fit a certain phrasing and a narrative that not only satisfied the song but the overarching arc of the album. Specifically, I am thinking of “Rotterdam.” The lyrics took forever. Most of them were written very slowly in Fort Collins. It turned out to be one of my favorite songs. Not all of the songs were like that — sometimes the ideas and the words came quickly.

Given the epic scope of what we were trying to accomplish here, it’s my sense that the next record will be punchier and quicker on all fronts. It’ll be our Train Dreams.

MB: Growing up, the place where my dad’s taste in music and mine came together was in songs that told a good story. My dad read a lot less than me, but he would often talk about the stories from favorite songs of his, recounting their story beats the way I might describe a favorite novel. That’s one of the elements that attracted me to The Lonelyhearts, from the first time I heard you play live in a bar in Iowa City — I can still remember the story of “Ntozake Nelson” cutting through the chatter of the drinkers, the narrator’s voice pulling me toward that crushing line at the end of the final verse, “I may never fall in love but I’m getting to the age at which I’m willing to pretend.” Are there songwriter-storytellers who are particular influences for either of you? What constraints are you up against when you’re telling stories as songwriters, as opposed to writing in prose?

JL: My dad mostly listened to classical music, which I avoid, but our tastes also converged in songs that tell a good story (Springsteen, CCR). I’d never really thought about it like that before.

Storytelling — be it a straightforward beginning-middle-end arc or a series of evocative themes — is what I seek out in most music — the exceptions being post-rock bands such as Mogwai or Sigur Ros who soundtrack the weirdness inside my head. My list of favorite songwriters will probably seem painfully unsurprising: Neil Young, John Darnielle, Jeff Mangum, Low, Craig Finn, Jason Isbell, Vince Staples, Elliott Smith, Pusha T. For me, not all stories need to follow a linear path like “Long Black Veil” or “Johnny 99” — though I enjoy it when Courtney Barnett, Ghostface, or Jarvis Cocker spins a straightforward tale.

“Storytelling — be it a straightforward beginning-middle-end arc or a series of evocative themes — is what I seek out in most music…”

Andre is still an active prose writer. I haven’t written prose since the ’90s. So, for me, I only tell stories in the form of songs. I don’t find this limiting at all, though songwriting and prose are very different art forms. Even for a songwriter who often is accused of cramming far too many lyrics into a song, there are details, as you note above, that are going to be left up to the listener.

As a young songwriter, I think my real-life experiences and emotions informed the stories in my songs. Now, decades in, it’s much more of an inventive process — my own life still weasels its way in, but I am not always fictionalizing an event from my life. For the Lonelyhearts, I would argue that Age of Man is our first record that tells stories that are entirely divorced from our lives and those of our friends. In certain musical genres — Americana, trap-hop — it is expected that the songwriter write about her or his own life. I am happy that we are not constricted in that way.

AP: My dad was into jazz and I am into it too. I was feeling Coltrane and Coleman deeply as I grew up and now it’s more modern ensembles like Dawn of Midi or even someone like Nils Frahm. All of this to say I have always been interested in how music can evoke atmospheres and collective emotions — perhaps even before the lyrics get involved. I grew up in the mid-’90s and listened to Cuban Linx and Liquid Swords incessantly. The Infamous as well. I think what RZA and Havoc were accomplishing in terms of mood with those raw drum samples, eerie-ass jazz piano samples, and budget synths helped set the tone for me getting entirely blown away by GZA or Ghostface or Raekwon or Prodigy’s ability to tell a story through the lyrics. I studied those lyrics. I was a huge undercover nerd about it. As I got older I started to connect the dots to lyrical rawness via Lou Reed’s work with the Velvets. On some levels, his solo work really hit me harder than the Velvets. When he was really on I thought very few could contend with him. I mean that first verse of “Street Hassle” — he’s dancing these elegant phrases around each other while he’s talking about a body getting left for dead on the street and that little interlude he has Bruce Springsteen sing just to give everyone a break so they don’t cry — that shit is on point; it made you feel like you were literally on the street. After college I became aware of Grandaddy and the speculative worlds Jason Lytle constructed with that project. I think Grandaddy had a big influence on us as a band: synths, acoustic guitars, and a lot of lyrics — those were elements John and I could both agree on. I’d be remiss not to mention the Grateful Dead. Robert Hunter wrenched out some great songs with those guys. Like the Wu and Mobb Deep tracks, I used to stay up and listen to songs like “Rubin and Cherise” or “Terrapin Station” — Hunter was achieving these wild, beautiful narratives that were both his own stories and filled with all of these references to traditional folk tales — you needed a PhD to figure out what the hell was alluding to. And those narratives were so tight, you knew they took him forever to write; they didn’t fall out of him like those early gems: “Cumberland Blues,” “New Speedway Boogie,” or “Box of Rain.” In our more current era, I am keeping an ear to Jenn Wasner (Wye Oak), Angel Olsen, and Kendrick Lamar. Mitski’s writing on Puberty 2 is probably my favorite at this very moment.

Writing on the page is definitely a different form than writing songs, though I am interested in similar ends: figuring out how the most select details can reveal the most gripping story.

MB: John, I like your observation that certain musical genres expect “the songwriter write about her or his own life.” Maybe it’s because I grew up without knowing any professional writers or musicians or artists, but I mostly still take in art ignorant of the artist’s life: I often have no idea whether a song or a story is directly autobiographical until someone else tells me it is. It never really occurs to me to write that way, either, which I agree is a great freedom, maybe to instead look for the “most select details,” as Andre says. I was always taught that the universal is in the particular: that the more concrete and specific the detail, paradoxically the more universally accessible the emotion often becomes. (There’s a great bit in DeLillo’s Underworld about the “quotidian” and names of objects that always comes to mind for me here: the power of knowing the right names of things, the parts of things.) I wonder if that’s more difficult in songwriting, because of the size of the units of sense — you get such smaller phrases to work with than a fiction writer does: your images have to be more compressed, your dialogues less protracted. But one of the things I love about The Lonelyhearts is exactly that: the telling details in every line. So many songs — even by songwriters I truly admire — traffic in clichés and worn language, I think just because those clichés and bits of language fill in the music in places, and because they function as a sort of emotional shorthand. But it seems to me that the passage away from the known “realist” world toward the kind of invention on Age of Man frees you even further in the direction of the original image and new language. Was there a balance to strike in the worldbuilding here? A limit to how far you could push the invented future of the album without leaving the listener unable to follow you, especially given the relatively sparse amount of words you have to do your worldbuilding in?

AP: Each song must satisfy a number of key elements. We aim for compelling stories, vignettes, or impressions. We attempt to etch lyrics that are both clear and surprising to the listener. The music, we hope, will evoke a fascinating mood. All of those pieces must be in place. At each of those corners we fight to create a song that is in someway original. Perhaps the arrangement sounds familiar but the subject matter will be new. Or maybe the lyrical text reflects what you’d hear in a lot of folk songs but the sounds of guitars have been undermined by noisy synthesizers. There is a great need in our music to try as much as possible to avoid doing what has been done before. We often fail but sometimes it comes together. It’s not that we don’t like what’s come before there’s just this sense that if we are going to put these hours into attempting to craft songs for people to listen to they shouldn’t get a new Jason Isbell song or a Dandy Warhols track. Plenty of those songs exist and there are people who can make them better than us. John is particularly sharp about keeping us away from overused lyrics. It was cool when John Lennon told us love is all we need, but maybe we can’t say that again, at least not like he said it. We need to find a different way. And maybe it’s not even worth saying again; it’s possible Lennon locked that sentiment down, no one else needs to hear it ever again. What people might not have heard is that it’s possible to find love in a bat apocalypse. You’ll need more than love, though, you’ll also need to wage some biochemical warfare to eradicate the bats.

“It was cool when John Lennon told us love is all we need, but maybe we can’t say that again, at least not like he said it. We need to find a different way…What people might not have heard is that it’s possible to find love in a bat apocalypse.”

I’ve evaded your question to some degree: What I mean to say is that despite any invented narratives that shape an album, we are always focusing, I think, on the individual songs. In the case of Age of Man, we hope that someone who just hears one of these tracks will walk away and find something to hold onto in that track even if they don’t hear or can’t wrap their hands around the larger narrative at work. At the core of most of these songs there is still some universally understood human error at play among the characters.

JL: In my short fiction days (ahhh, the ‘90s), I also remember focusing on significant details to tell a much larger story. We certainly try to do that in our songs. We have spent serious hours debating the make and model of a car or which animal might have a broken leg. As far as fitting them all into short phrases, a general rule is that the songs with short phrases were started by Andre and the ones with an endless onslaught of lyrics were started by me. It is incredibly tricky to fit all the details I want into one of Andre’s tiny little verses. Still, I think that sort of challenge makes this songwriting partnership rewarding. Even though we are not ghost-writing pop hits for Disney, we do try to pay attention to catchiness and song length. I remember laboring to tell an entire story in the handful of notes that make up “Escape from Bat City,” for instance. Writing a cohesive album such as Age of Man makes it a touch easier, since we can refer to images or events from previous songs. We tried to ground all of it in a somewhat realistic world though, so I don’t think we gained much leeway detail-wise. The tent cities, criminal relatives, diseases, and military helicopters that appear in Age of Man could have featured on an earlier album of ours.

Tangentially, I am living in Mexico City for two weeks and just spent the previous three months reading contemporary Mexican fiction. While magical realism is just one of the many tools those authors employ, I don’t sense the same instinct to ground every single event in a plausible backstory. The radioactive vigilante bats might just show up in chapter 6.

To answer your question more directly, I did not feel limited in the sort of significant details or stories we could include. I would hope that most of the album makes sense to a listener. I suspect the rewriting of the ten commandments in the last song is the most head-scratching section.

I truly hope that the two novels of yours I have read are not autobiographical.

MB: We began this conversation last year, before Trump’s election and so much else that’s left our everyday world feeling very different than it did when we started. Returning to the album today, I do feel like I’m in a different listening environment than I was when we talked a few months ago. At the same time, I’m fairly suspicious of reading every work of art through current events, considering that most albums and novels are conceived of and written months if not years before the events they’re contrasted against: Age of Man is a dystopian album, but that doesn’t mean it’s responding to this set of circumstances. All that said, I wonder if playing these songs live has taken on a different tone or urgency recently: the album version is complete, but does the live set continue to evolve in response to the world in which it gets performed?

JL: It certainly is high season for dystopian art: The Handmaid’s Tale TV series, New York 2140, NK3, The Book of Joan, American War, Oryx and Crake, Borne, etc. We wrote these songs three years ago, before Trump was campaigning in coal country, so it’s almost as if the dystopian moment has caught up with us rather than vice versa. I agree that cultural and political context can change how songs are interpreted (remember when “Don’t Look Back In Anger” was just another catchy Oasis anthem?), but I don’t know how a live audience’s understanding of these songs has changed. We were fairly dark on our three previous albums as well, so I suspect the Age of Man songs are heard as “this time, with radioactive vigilante bats” rather than a complete genre shift like The Road or Zone One.

Still, we have written and arranged 10 new songs since we finished Age of Man, and maybe none of them would qualify as dystopian. My other band, Nadalands, continues to come up with new songs about impending apocalypse or social collapse, but I feel the Lonelyhearts have covered what we need to cover in that regard. It’s all ghosts, private aircraft disasters, and police brutality from this point forward.

“We wrote these songs three years ago, before Trump was campaigning in coal country, so it’s almost as if the dystopian moment has caught up with us rather than vice versa.”

AP: I almost agree with John’s remark about the dystopian moment catching up to us, but I would clarify even further: the dystopian moment has always been there; it’s just that people are more aware of it now. The current American political atmosphere has been with us for decades and in some ways since the beginning of our nation. Donald Trump isn’t the architect of this moment; he is a reflection of it. He doesn’t possess Sheev Palpatine attributes. He doesn’t even possess Anakin Skywalker qualities. Such dark talents belong to the likes of Dick Cheney or Roger Stone: sharp, conniving strategists.

As a citizen if you’ve been acutely aware of the nation’s tattered social fabric then these modern times are simply an affirmation of what you’ve been feeling all along — and you’ve likely been feeling them for awhile if you are gender non-conforming or an immigrant or a person of color or a person without access to cash, real estate, or education. A friend of mine recently unearthed an old Twilight Zone quote: “We will not end the nightmare, we will only explain it,” and I feel the Lonelyhearts have been on that vibe since 2004. Age of Man was a natural peak in our quest to represent just how turned around our systems are. But it’s not all bad news because ultimately these songs, especially when played live, are about catharsis and sharing a positive, real moment with other people — a community — whether it’s 15 or 300 people in a room together. We will chase that connection for the rest of our lives because a viable future relies on community.

A Story About the Volatility of a Codependent Friendship

“Kimberle”
by Achy Obejas

“I have to be stopped,” Kimberle said. Her breath blurred her words, transmitting a whooshing sound that made me push the phone away. “Well, okay, maybe not have to — I’d say should — but that begs the question of why. I mean, who cares? So maybe what I really mean is I need to be stopped.” Her words slid one into the other, like buttery babies bumping, accumulating at the mouth of a slide in the playground. “Are you listening to me?”

I was, I really was. She was asking me to keep her from killing herself. There was no method chosen yet — it could have been slashing her wrists, or lying down on the train tracks outside of town (later she confessed that would never work, that she’d get up at the first tremor on the rail and run for her life, terrified her feet would get tangled on the slats and her death would be classified as a mere accident — as if she were that careless and common), or just blowing her brains out with a polymer pistol — say, a Glock 19 — available at Walmart or at half price from the same cretin who sold her cocaine.

“Hellooooo?”

“I hear you, I hear you,” I finally said. “Where are you?”

I left my VW Golf at home and took a cab to pick her up from some squalid blues bar, the only pale face in the place. The guy at the door — a black man old enough to have been an adolescent during the civil rights era, but raised with the polite deference of the previous generation — didn’t hide his relief when I grabbed my tattooed friend, threw her in her car, and took her home with me.

It was all I could think to do, and it made sense for both of us. Kimberle had been homeless, living out of her car — an antique Toyota Corolla that had had its lights punched out on too many occasions and now traveled unsteadily with huge swathes of duct tape holding up its fender. In all honesty, I was a bit unsteady myself, afflicted with the kind of loneliness that’s felt in the gut like a chronic and never fully realized nausea.

Also, it was fall — a particularly gorgeous time in Indiana, with its spray of colors on every tree, but, in our town, one with a peculiar seasonal peril for college-aged girls. It seemed that about this time every year, there would be a disappearance — someone would fail to show at her dorm or study hall. This would be followed by a flowering of flyers on posts and bulletin boards (never trees) featuring a girl with a simple smile and a reward. Because the girl was always white and pointedly ordinary, there would be a strange familiarity about her: everyone was sure they’d seen her at the Commons or the bookstore, waiting for the campus bus or at the Bluebird the previous weekend.

It may seem perverse to say this, but every year we waited for that disappearance, not in shock or horror, or to look for new clues to apprehend the culprit: we waited in anticipation of relief. Once the psycho got his girl, he seemed pacified, so we listened with a little less urgency to the footsteps behind us in the parking lot, worried less when out running at dawn. Spared, we would look guiltily at those flyers, which would be faded and torn by spring, when a farmer readying his cornfield for planting would discover the girl among the papery remains of the previous year’s harvest.

When Kimberle moved in with me that November, the annual kill had not yet occurred and I was worried for both of us, her in her car and me in my first-floor one-bedroom, the window open for my cat, Brian Eno, to come and go as she pleased. I had trapped it so it couldn’t be opened more than a few inches, but that meant it was never closed all the way, even in the worst of winter.

In my mind, Kimberle and I reeked of prey. We were both boyish girls, pink and sad. She wore straight blond hair and had features angled to throw artful shadows; mine, by contrast, were soft and vaguely tropical, overwhelmed by a carnival of curls. We both seemed to be in weakened states. Her girlfriend had caught her in flagrante delicto and walked out; depression had swallowed her in the aftermath. She couldn’t concentrate at her restaurant job, mixing up simple orders, barking at the customers, so that it wasn’t long before she found herself at the unemployment office (where her insistence on stepping out to smoke cost her her place in line so many times she finally gave up).

It quickly followed that she went home one rosy dawn and discovered her landlord, aware he had no right to do so but convinced Kimberle (now four months late on her rent) would never get it together to legally contest it, had stacked all her belongings on the sidewalk, where they had been picked over by the students at International House, headquarters for all the third world kids on scholarships that barely covered textbooks. All that was left were a few T-shirts from various political marches (mostly black), books from her old and useless major in Marxist theory (one with a note in red tucked between its pages which read, COMUNISM IS DEAD! which we marveled at for its misspelling), and, to our surprise, her battered iBook (the screen was cracked though it worked fine).

Me, I’d just broken up with my boyfriend — it was my doing, it just felt like we were going nowhere — but I was past the point of righteousness and heavily into doubt. Not about my decision — that, I never questioned — but about whether I’d ever care enough to understand another human being, whether I’d ever figure out how to stay after the initial flush, whether I’d ever get over my absurd sense of self-sufficiency.

When I brought Kimberle to live with me she hadn’t replaced much of anything and we emptied the Toyota in one trip. I gave her my futon to sleep on in the living room, surrendered a drawer in the dresser, pushed my clothes to one side of the closet, and explained my alphabetized CDs, my work hours at a smokehouse one town over (and that we’d never starve for meat), and my books.

Since Kimberle had never visited me after I’d moved out of my parents’ house — in truth, we were more acquaintances than friends — I was especially emphatic about the books, prized possessions I’d been collecting since I had first earned a paycheck. I pointed out the shelf of first editions, among them Richard Wright’s Native Son, Sapphire’s American Dreams, Virginia Woolf’s Orlando, a rare copy of The Cook and the Carpenter, and Langston Hughes and Ben Carruthers’s limited-edition translation of Nicolas Guillén’s Cuba Libre, all encased in Saran Wrap. There were also a handful of nineteenth-century travel books on Cuba, fascinating for their racist assumptions, and a few autographed volumes, including novels by Dennis Cooper, Ana María Shua, and Monique Wittig.

“These never leave the shelf, they never get unwrapped,” I said. “If you wanna read one of them, tell me and I’ll get you a copy.”

“Cool,” she said in a disinterested whisper, pulling off her boots, long, sleek things that suggested she should be carrying a riding crop.

She leaned back on the futon in exhaustion and put her hands behind her head. There was an elegant and casual muscularity to her tattooed limbs, a pliability I would later come to know under entirely different circumstances.

Kimberle had not been installed in my apartment more than a day or two (crying and sniffling, refusing to eat with the usual determination of the newly heartbroken) when I noticed Native Son was gone, leaving a gaping hole on my shelf. I assumed she’d taken it down to read when I had turned my back. I trotted over to the futon and peeked around and under the pillow. The sheets were neatly folded, the blanket too. Had anyone else been in the apartment except us two? No, not a soul, not even Brian Eno, who’d been out hunting. I contemplated my dilemma: how to ask a potential suicide if they’re ripping you off.

Sometime the next day — after a restless night of weeping and pillow punching which I could hear in the bedroom, even with the door closed — Kimberle managed to shower and put on a fresh black T, then lumbered into the kitchen. She barely nodded. It seemed that if she’d actually completed the gesture, her head might have been in danger of rolling off.

I suppose I should have been worried, given the threat of suicide so boldly announced, about Kimberle’s whereabouts when she wasn’t home, or what she was up to when I wasn’t at my apartment. But I wasn’t, I wasn’t worried at all. I didn’t throw out my razors, I didn’t hide the belts, I didn’t turn off the pilot in the oven. It’s not that I didn’t think she was at risk, because I did, I absolutely did. It’s just that when she told me she needed to be stopped, I took it to mean she needed me to shelter her until she recovered, which I assumed would be soon. I thought, in fact, I’d pretty much done my duty as a friend by bringing her home and feeding her a cherry-smoked ham sandwich.

Truth is, I was much more focused on the maniac whose quarry was still bounding out there in the wilderness. I would pull out the local print-only paper every day when I got to the smokehouse and make for the police blotter. I knew, of course, that once the villain committed to the deed, it’d be front-page news, but I held out hope for clues from anticipatory crimes.

Once, there was an incident on a hiking trail — two girls were approached by a white man in his fifties, sallow and scurvied, who tried to grab one of them. The other girl turned out to be a member of the campus tae kwon do team and rapid-kicked his face before he somehow managed to get away. For several days after that, I was on the lookout for any man in his fifties who might come in to the smokehouse looking like tenderized meat. And I avoided all trails, even the carefully landscaped routes between campus buildings.

Because the smokehouse was isolated in order to realize its function, and its clientele fairly specialized — we sold gourmet meat (including bison, ostrich, and alligator) mostly by phone and online, though our best seller was summer sausage, as common in central Indiana as Oscar Mayer — there wasn’t much foot traffic in and out of the store and I actually spent a great deal of time alone. After I’d processed the orders, packed the UPS boxes, replenished and rearranged the display cases, made coffee, and added some chips to the smoker, there wasn’t much for me to do but sit there, trying to study while avoiding giving too much importance to the noises outside that suggested furtive steps in the yard, or shadows that looked like bodies bent to hide below the windowsill, just waiting for me to lift the frame and expose my neck for strangulation.

One evening, I came home to find Kimberle with my Santoku knife in hand, little pyramids of chopped onions, green pepper, and slimy octopus arms with their puckering cups arranged on the counter. Brian Eno reached up from the floor, her calico belly and paws extended toward the heaven promised above.

“Dinner,” Kimberle announced as soon as I stepped in, lighting a flame under the wok.

I kicked off my boots, stripped my scarf from around my neck, and let my coat slide from my body, all along yakking about the psychopath and his apparent disinterest this year.

“Maybe he finally died,” offered Kimberle.

“Yeah, that’s what I thought when we were about fifteen, ’cause it took until January that year, remember? But then I realized it’s gotta be more than one guy.”

“You think he’s got accomplices?” Kimberle asked, a tendril of smoke rising from the wok.

“Or copycats,” I said. “I’m into the copycat theory.”

That’s about when I noticed Sapphire angling in an unfamiliar fashion on the bookshelf. Woolf’s Orlando was no longer beside it. Had I considered what my reaction would have been any other time, I might have said rage. But seeing the jaunty leaning that suddenly gave the shelves a deliberately decorated look, I felt like I’d been hit in the stomach. I was still catching my breath when I turned around. The Santoku had left Kimberle’s right hand, embedding its blade upright on the knuckles of her left. Blood seeped sparingly from between her fingers but collected quickly around the octopus pile, which now looked wounded and alive.

I took Kimberle to the county hospital, where they stitched the flaps of skin back together. Her hand, now bright and swollen like an aposematic amphibian, rested on the dashboard all the way home. We drove back in silence, her eyes closed, head inclined and threatening to hit the windshield.

In the kitchen, the onion and green pepper pyramids were intact on the counter but the octopus had vanished. Smudged paw tracks led out Brian Eno’s usual route through the living room window. Kimberle stood unsteadily under the light, her face shadowed. I sat down on the futon.

“What happened to Native Son and Orlando?” I asked.

She shrugged.

“Did you take them?”

She spun slowly on the heel of her boot, dragging her other foot around in a circle.

“Kimberle . . .”

“I hurt,” she said, “I really hurt.” Her skin was a bluish red as she threw herself on my lap and bawled.

A week later, Native Son and Orlando were still missing but Kimberle and I hadn’t been able to talk about it. Our schedules failed to coincide and my mother, widowed and alone on the other side of town (confused but tolerant of my decision to live away from her), had gone to visit relatives in Miami, leaving me to deal with her cat, Brian Eno’s brother, a daring aerialist she’d named Alfredo Codona, after the Mexican trapeze artist who’d killed himself and his ex-wife. This complicated my life a bit more than usual, and I found myself drained after dealing with the temporarily housebound Alfredo, whose pent-up frustrations tended to result in toppled chairs, broken picture frames, and a scattering of magazines and knickknacks. It felt like I had to piece my mother’s place back together every single night she was gone.

One time, I was so tired when I got home I headed straight for the tub and finished undressing as the hot water nipped at my knees. I adjusted the temperature, then I let myself go under, blowing my breath out in fat, noisy bubbles. I came back up and didn’t bother to lift my lids. I used my toes to turn off the faucet, then went into a semisomnambulist state in which neither my mother nor Alfredo Codona could engage me, Native Son and Orlando were back where they belonged, and Kimberle . . . Kimberle was . . . laughing.

“What . . . ?”

I sat up, water splashing on the floor and on my clothes. I heard the refrigerator pop open, then tenebrous voices. I pulled the plug and gathered a towel around me, but when I opened the door, I was startled by the blurry blackness of the living room. I heard rustling from the futon, conspiratorial giggling, and Brian Eno’s anxious meowing outside the unexpectedly closed window. To my amazement, Kimberle had brought somebody home. I didn’t especially like the idea of her having sex in my living room, but we hadn’t talked about it — I’d assumed, since she was supposedly suicidal, that there wasn’t a need for that talk. Now I was trapped, naked and wet, watching Kimberle hovering above her lover, as agile as the real Alfredo Codona on the high wire.

Outside, Brian Eno wailed, tapping her paws on the glass. I shrugged, as if she could understand, but all she did was unleash a high-pitched scream. It was raining outside. I held tight to the towel and started across the room as quietly as I could. But as I tried to open the window, I felt a hand on my ankle. Its warmth rose up my leg, infused my gut, and became a knot in my throat. I looked down and saw Kimberle’s arm, its jagged tattoos pulsing. Rather than jerk away, I bent to undo her fingers, only to find myself face to face with her. Her lips were glistening, and below her chin was a milky slope with a puckered nipple . . . She moved to make room for me as if it were the most natural thing in the world. I don’t know how or why but my mouth opened to the stranger’s breast, tasting her and the vague tobacco of Kimberle’s spit.

Afterward, as Kimberle and I sprawled on either side of the girl, I recognized her as a clerk from a bookstore in town. She seemed dazed and pleased, her shoulder up against Kimberle as she stroked my belly. I realized that for the last hour or so, as engaged as we’d been in this most intimate of maneuvers, Kimberle and I had not kissed or otherwise touched. We had worked side by side — structureless and free.

“Here, banana boat queen,” Kimberle said with a sly grin as she passed me a joint. Banana boat queen? And I thought: Where the fuck did she get that? How the hell did she think she’d earned dispensation for that?

The girl between us bristled.

Then Kimberle laughed. “Don’t worry,” she said to our guest, “I can do that; she and I go way back.”

In all honesty, I don’t know when I met Kimberle. It seemed she had always been there, from the very day we arrived from Cuba. Hers was a mysterious and solitary world. I realized that one winter day in my junior year in high school as I was walking home from school just as dusk was settling in. Kimberle pulled up in her Toyota next to me and asked if I wanted a ride. As soon as I got in, she offered me a cigarette. I said no.

“A disgusting habit anyway. You wanna see something?”

“What?”

Without another word, Kimberle aimed the Toyota out of town, past the last deadbeat bar, the strip malls, and the trailer parks, past the ramp to the interstate, until she entered a narrow gravel road with dry cornstalks blossoming on either side. There was a brackish smell, the tang of wet dirt and nicotine. The Toyota danced on the gravel but Kimberle, bent over the wheel, maintained a determined expression.

“Are you ready?”

“Ready . . . ? For what?” I asked, my fingers clutching the shoulder belt.

“This,” she whispered. Then she turned off the headlights.

Before I had a chance to adjust to the tracers, she gunned the car, hurling it down the black tunnel, the tires spitting rocks as she skidded this way and that, following the eerie spotlight provided by the moon . . . For a moment, we were suspended in air and time. My life did not pass in front of my eyes how I might have expected; instead, I saw images of desperate people on a bounding sea; multitudes wandering Fifth Avenue or the Thames, the shores of the Bosporus or the sands outside the pyramids; mirrors and mirrors, mercury and water; a family portrait in Havana from years before; my mother with her tangled hair, my father tilting his hat in New Orleans or Galveston; the shadows of birds of paradise against a stucco wall; a shallow and watery grave, and another longer passage, a trail of bones. Just then the silver etched the sharp edges of the cornstalks, teasing them to life as specters in black coats . . .

“We’re going to die!” I screamed.

Moments later, the Toyota came to a shaky stop as we both gasped for breath. A cloud of smoke surrounded us, reeking of fermentation and gasoline. I popped open the door and crawled outside, where I promptly threw up.

Kimberle scrambled over the seat and out, practically on top of me. Her arms held me steady. “You okay?” she asked, panting.

“That was amazing,” I said, my heart still racing, “just amazing.”

Not even a week had gone by when Kimberle brought another girl home, this time an Eastern European professor who’d been implicated with a Cuban during a semester abroad in Bucharest. Rather than wait for me to stumble onto them, they had marched right into my bedroom, naked as newborns. I was going to protest but was too unnerved by their boldness, and then, in my weakness, I was seduced by the silky warmth of skin on either side of me. Seconds later, I felt something hard and cold against my belly and looked down to see Kimberle wearing a harness with a summer sausage dangling from it. The professor sighed as I guided the meat. While she licked and bit at my chin, Kimberle pushed inch by inch into her. At one point, Kimberle was balanced above me, her mouth grazing mine, but we just stared past each other.

Afterward — the professor between us — we luxuriated, the room redolent of garlic, pepper, and sweat. “Quite the little Cuban sandwich we’ve got here,” Kimberle said, passing me what now seemed like the obligatory after-sex joint followed by a vaguely racist comment. The professor stiffened. Like the bookstore girl, she’d turned her back to Kimberle. Instead of rubbing my belly, this one settled her head on my shoulder, then fell happily asleep.

“Kimberle, you’ve gotta stop,” I said, then hesitated. “I’ve gotta get my books back. Do you understand me?”

Her head was buried under the pillow on the futon, the early-morning light shiny on her exposed shoulder blade. With the white sheet crumpled halfway up her back, she looked like a headless angel.

“Kimberle, are you listening to me?” There was some imperceptible movement, a twitch. “Would you please . . . I’m talking to you.”

She emerged, curtain of yellow hair, eyes smoky. “What makes you think I took them?”

“What? Are you kidding me?”

“Coulda been the bookstore girl, or the professor.”

Since the ménage, the bookstore girl had called to invite me to dinner but I had declined. And the professor had stopped by twice, once with a first edition of Upton Sinclair’s Mental Radio. Tempting — achingly tempting — as that 1930 oddity was, I had refused it.

“I’ll let Kimberle know you stopped by,” I’d added, biting my lip.

“I didn’t come to see Kimberle,” the professor had said, her fingers pulling on my curls, which I’d found disconcerting.

Kimberle was looking at me now, waiting for an answer. “My books were missing before the bookstore girl and the professor,” I replied.

“Oh.”

“We’ve got to talk about that too.”

Down went her head. “Now?” she asked, her voice distant and flimsy like a final communication from a sinking ship.

“Now.”

She hopped up, her hip bones pure cartilage. She shivered. “I’ll be right back,” she said, heading for the bathroom. I dropped back onto the futon, heard her pee into the bowl, then the water running. I scanned the shelf, imagining where Mental Radio might have fit. Silence.

Then: “Kimberle? . . . Kimberle, you all right?” I scrambled to the bathroom, struggled with the knob. “Kimberle, please, let me in.” I imagined her hanging from the light fixture, her veins cascading red into the tub, that polymer pistol bought just for this moment, when she’d stick its tip in her mouth and . . . “Kimberle, goddamnit . . .” Then I kicked, kicked, and kicked again, until the lock bent and the door gave. “Kimberle . . .” But there was nothing, just my breath misting as I stared at the open window, the screen leaning against the tub.

I ran out and around our building but there was no sign of her, no imprint I could find in the snow, nothing. When I tried to start my car to look for her, the engine sputtered and died. I grabbed the keys to Kimberle’s Toyota, which came to life mockingly, and put it into reverse, only to have to brake immediately to avoid a passing station wagon. The Toyota jerked, the duct-taped fender shifted, practically falling, while I white-knuckled the wheel and felt my heart like a reciprocating engine in my chest.

After that, I made sure we spent as much time together as possible: reading, running, cooking venison I brought from the smokehouse, stuffing it with currants, pecans, and pears, or making smoked bison burgers with Vidalia onions and thyme. On any given night, she’d bring home a different girl to whom we’d minister with increasing aerial expertise. At some point I noticed American Dreams was missing from the shelf but I no longer cared.

One night in late January — our local psychopath still loose, still victimless — I came home from the smokehouse emanating a mesquite and found a naked Kimberle eagerly waiting for me.

“A surprise, a surprise tonight,” she said, helping me with my coat. “Oh my god, you smell . . . sooooo good.”

She led me to my room, where a clearly anxious, very pregnant woman was sitting up in my bed.

“Whoa, Kimberle, I — ”

“Hi,” the woman said hoarsely; she was obviously terrified. She was holding the sheet to her ample breasts. I could see giant areolas through the threads, the giant slope of her belly.

“This’ll be great, I promise,” Kimberle whispered, pushing me toward the bed as she tugged on my sweater.

“I dunno . . . I . . .”

Before long Kimberle was driving my hand inside the woman, who barely moved as she begged us to kiss, to please kiss for her.

“I need, I need to see that . . .”

I turned to Kimberle but she was intent on the task at hand. Inside the pregnant woman, my fingers took the measure of what felt like a fetal skull, baby teeth, a rope of blood. Suddenly, the pregnant woman began to sob and I pulled out, flustered and confused. I grabbed my clothes off the floor and started out of the room when I felt something soft and squishy under my bare foot. I bent down to discover a half-eaten field mouse, a bloody offering from Brian Eno who batted it at me, her fangs exposed and feral.

I left the dead mouse and apartment behind and climbed into my VW. After cranking it awhile, I managed to get it started. I steered out of town, past the strip malls, the cornfields, and the interstate where, years before, Kimberle had made me feel so fucking alive. When I got to the smokehouse, I scaled up a backroom bunk my boss used when he stayed to smoke delicate meats overnight — it was infused with a smell of acrid flesh and maleness. Outside, I could hear branches breaking, footsteps, an owl. I refused to consider the shadows on the curtainless window. The blanket scratched my skin, the walls whined. Trembling there in the dark, I realized I wanted to kiss Kimberle — not for anyone else’s pleasure but for my own.

The next morning, there was an ice storm and my car once more refused to start. I called Kimberle and asked her to pick me up at the smokehouse. When the Toyota pulled up, I jumped in before Kimberle had the chance to park. I leaned toward her but she turned away.

“I’m sorry about last night, I really am,” she said, all skittish, avoiding eye contact.

“Me too.” The Toyota’s tires spun on the ice for an instant then got traction and heaved onto the road. “What was going on with your friend?”

“I dunno. She went home. I said I’d take her but she just refused.”

“Can you blame her?”

“Can I . . . ? Look, it was just fun . . . I dunno why everything got so screwed up.”

I put my head against the frosty passenger window. “What would make you think that would be fun?”

“I just thought we could, you know, do something . . . different. Don’t you wanna just do something different now and again? I mean . . . if there’s something you wanted to do, I’d consider it.”

As soon as she said it, I knew. “I wanna do a threesome with a guy.”

“With . . . with a guy?”

“Why not?”

Kimberle was so taken back, she momentarily lost control. The car slid on the shoulder then skidded back onto the road.

“But . . . wha . . . I mean, what would I do?”

“What do you think?”

“Look, I’m not gonna . . . and he’d want us to . . .” She kept looking from me to the road, each curve back to town now a little slicker, less certain.

I nodded at her, exasperated, as if she were some dumb puppy. “Well, exactly.”

“Exactly? But . . .”

“Kimberle, don’t you ever think about what we’re doing — about us?”

“Us? There is no us.”

She fell on the brake just as we hurled beyond the asphalt but the resistance was catalytic: the car fishtailed as the rear tires hit the road again. My life such as it was — my widowed mother, my useless Cuban passport, the smoke in my lungs, the ache in my chest that seemed impossible to contain — burned through me. We flipped twice and landed in a labyrinth of pointy cornstalks peppered by a sooty snow. There was a moment of silence, a stillness, then the tape ripped and the Toyota’s front end collapsed, shaking us one more time.

“Are you . . . are you okay . . . ?” I asked breathlessly. I was hanging upside down.

The car was on its back, and suddenly Native Son, Orlando, and American Dreams slipped from under the seats, which were now above our heads, and tumbled to the ceiling below us. They were in Saran Wrap, encased like monarch chrysalides.

“Oh god . . . Kimberle . . .” I started to weep.

She shook her head, sprinkling a bloody constellation on the windshield. I reached over and undid her seat belt, which caused her body to drop with a thud. She tried to help me with mine but it was stuck.

“Let me crawl out and come around,” she said, her mouth a mess of red. Her fingers felt around for teeth, for pieces of tongue.

I watched as she kicked out the glass on her window, picked each shard from the frame, and slowly pulled herself through. My head throbbed and I closed my eyes. I could hear the crunch of Kimberle’s steps on the snow, the exertion in her breathing. I heard her gasp and choke and then a rustling by my window.

“Don’t look,” she said, her voice cracking as she reached in to cover my eyes with her ensanguined hands. “Don’t look.”

But it was too late: there, above her shoulder, was this year’s seasonal kill, waxy and white but for the purple areolas and the meat of her sex. She was ordinary, familiar, and the glass of her eyes captured a portrait of Kimberle and me.